question

pronouncing the words correctly, rather than nothin, gunna, mornin

answer

articulation

question

most common microphone attached to a desk or something of that sort

answer

stationary microphone

question

false

answer

We usually believe verbal messages because they are more difficult to fake. true/false?

question

Delivering a speech in a conversational style from a well-developed and researched outline

answer

extemporaneous delivery

question

true

answer

Effective speech delivery for most North American listeners has been described as "platform conversation. True/false?

question

Without uttering a word, an audience can be quieted by holding up the palm of your hand to calm a noisy crowd. This is the nonverbal function of

answer

substituting

question

true

answer

Nonverbal communication is communication other than written or spoken language that creates meaning. True/false?

question

The variation in the pitch of the voice

answer

inflection

question

by analyzing your audience, thinking of possible questions those particular listeners might ask, and then rehearsing your answers.

answer

One of the best ways to prepare for a Q & A session is to anticipate the questions you may be asked. According to the text, how should you anticipate questions?

question

According to ______ theory, a speaker should pay attention to how emotions are communicated when delivering a speech because people tend to "catch" the emotions of others.

answer

emotional cognation

question

True

answer

Extemporaneous speaking is the approach most communication teachers recommend for most situations. True/false?

question

immediacy

answer

When a speaker uses appropriate levels of eye contact, moves purposefully, and smiles while talking, the speaker is engaging in _____ behaviors

question

impromptu

answer

When asked to deliver a speech at the last moment, the type of delivery style you will use is

question

true

answer

The most important aspect of speech delivery in North America is eye contact. True/false?

question

extemporaneous speaking

answer

Given the task of preparing a speech, Susan decides to speak from an outline that can help her sound conversational and spontaneous. She wants to be able to adapt her remarks to the feedback she receives from the audience. She also wants to make more eye contact with the audience. What method of delivery will be best, given Susan's speech goals

question

true

answer

There is NOT one ideal style of delivery or set of prescribed gestures that is appropriate for all audiences. True/False?

question

non verbal communication

answer

What is most important when a speaker is communicating emotional feelings, attitudes, likes, and dislikes to an audience

question

False

answer

A voluntary audience has externally imposed reasons for being there. True/False?

question

Gender

answer

______ is the culturally constructed and psychologically based perception of one's self as feminine or masculine

question

An attentive audience doesn't move much

answer

What should a true attentive audience act like?

question

False

answer

Identifying differing cultural issues and similarities can help you establish common ground with your audience. True/False

question

an indication of nonverbal responsiveness

answer

When Robert asked his class, "How many of you just don't have enough time to do all the things you want to do in a day?" as his speech introductory device, almost everyone in the audience raised their hands. This audience reaction is

question

High-power culture

answer

People from ______ cultures are more likely to perceive people in leadership roles—including speakers—as credible

question

reflects likes or dislikes

answer

attitude

question

what you hold to be true or false

answer

belief

question

an enduring concept of good and bad/right and wrong

answer

value

question

belief

answer

If you think the sun will rise in the east in the morning, you hold a(n) ______ about the sun based on what you perceive to be true or false

question

psychological analysis

answer

Trying to determine what an audience believes or thinks about a speech topic is an aspect of _____ analysis

question

audience-centered speaker

answer

A speaker who gathers information about the listeners, analyzes this information, and adapts his or her speech to them is demonstrating the idea of a(n)

question

A captive audience

answer

As a requirement for his biology class, Jorge must attend a speech by a visiting scholar in biology. What kind of audience will Jorge be a part of at this event?

question

time and place of your speech, the size of your audience, and the occasion

answer

A situational audience analysis includes an examination of the _________

question

demographics

answer

Statistical information on population characteristics such as age, race, gender, education, and religious views is known as ____

question

relationship

answer

A public speaker seeks to establish a(n) ______, or ongoing connection, with audience members by identifying common ground with them

question

true

answer

If you adapt to your audience by abandoning your own values and sense of truth, you will become an unethical speaker rather than an audience-centered one? True/False

question

ethnicity

answer

The portion of a person's background that relates to nationality or religious heritage is known as ______

question

True

answer

A survey allows you to gather both demographic information and information about what audience members like or dislike, believe to be true or false, or think is good or bad about the topic or issues you are discussing? True/False

question

Yes; this form of psychological audience analysis is a good thing to do for any kind of audience

answer

As part of planning for her class speech on the Patriot Act, Brenda passed around a brief questionnaire asking whether her classmates were for or against the Act, whether they thought parts or the entire Act should change, etc. Was this a good idea, according to your text?

question

True

answer

One of the main factors that will shape your audience's attitude toward you is your credibility or the perception of you as trustworthy, knowledgeable, and interesting. True/False?

question

high-context; low-context

answer

Audience members who place more importance on nonverbal than verbal messages are likely from _____ cultures; whereas those placing more emphasis on what was said than the nonverbal messages are likely from _____ cultures.

question

socioeconomic status

answer

When you analyze an audience's income, occupation, and education you are analyzing their:

question

process of presenting to an audience, small or large

answer

public speaking

question

important quality which is essential to employers

answer

why is it important to study public speaking?

question

to have resources & info allowing you to achieve a goal

answer

empowerment

question

to be able to listen & analyze info to judge accuracy and relevance

answer

critical thinking

question

employers look for public speaking as one of the best qualities, and it's the key to success in your personal life

answer

how will public speaking help your career goals?

question

1) an action, by which a source transmits a message through a channel to a receiver & 2) a interaction, in which the receivers feedback and context of the communication add to the action. and 3) a transaction, which source & recover simultaneously send messages to build a shared meaning

answer

Communication process of public speaking consists of

question

info/ideas

answer

source

question

translate ideas into images or symbols

answer

encode

question

non verbal symbols

answer

code

question

speech, how/what is said

answer

message

question

contradictory nonverbal symbols

answer

decode

question

messages transmitted through them from the sender to the receiver

answer

channels

question

individual that is decoding the message that was sent by the sender

answer

receiver

question

actual physical noise // ex. baby crying

answer

external noise

question

psychological affects, such as one speaking to themselves in an internal monologue

answer

internal noise

question

audience responds to message to provide feedback

answer

feedback

question

environment in which the speech occurs

answer

context

question

use of words and symbols to achieve a goal

answer

rhetoric

question

delivery of an already famous address

answer

declamation

question

expression of emotion through posture

answer

elocution

question

No, because it could easily be plagiarized & by using the other persons speech you're being unethical and have dishonest intentions towards your audience, also you aren't credible for the work

answer

Is it ethical to deliver a speech that was already written or delivered by someone else?

question

key focus of content in the speech

answer

speech topic

question

Always make choices based on the audience. Analyze the audience and make your speech accordingly. Consider the various cultural backgrounds, age, occasion, socioeconomic status...etc

answer

What should you think of as you're preparing a speech?

question

who is the audience; what are my interests, talents and experiences; and what is the occasion?

answer

3 questions to consider while trying to narrow the speech topic

question

to inform, persuade or entertain // ex: to inform

answer

general purpose

question

a concise statement of the desired audience response, indicating what you want your listeners to remember, feel, or do when you finish speaking // ex: At the end of my speech, my audience will be able to ______

answer

specific purpose

question

one sentence summary of the speech content

answer

central idea

question

the key points of a speech

answer

main ideas

question

the development or discovery of ideas and insights

answer

invention

question

1) Does the central idea have logical divisions? 2) Can you think of several reasons the central idea is true? 3) Can you support the central idea with the series of steps?

answer

What 3 questions do you consider in attempt to subdivide your central idea into key points?

question

true

answer

Looking for logical divisions in your speech topic is the simplest way to determine key points. True/false

question

should be personal & concrete, and appealing to the audience - also relatable and interesting to the topic of the speech. Interesting supporting material could be from vivid descriptions so the audience can visualize it.

answer

supporting material

question

the organization and arrangement of ideas and illustrations

answer

disposition

question

Consider/analyze audience, interests/experiences, occasion and culture differences of audience

answer

John received an assignment for public speaking. What key pieces of info should he keep in mind while preparing for his speech?

question

Logical divisons

answer

Is the best way to generate main ideas from a central idea logical divisions, reasons or steps?

question

Rehearse your speech aloud, standing just as you will when you deliver it to your audience. Practice eye contact with an imaginary audience, and make sure to project your voice

answer

What is the best way to rehearse a speech?

question

true

answer

Preparing early for your speech and spending time rehearsing your delivery will enhance the overall quality of your speech. True/false?

question

legally protected speech/speech acts

answer

free speech

question

the beliefs , values, and moral principles by which people determine what is right and wrong

answer

ethics

question

was written to guarantee that "congress shall make no law...abridging the freedom of speech"

answer

first amendment

question

Lawful to restrict claims that presented "a clear and present danger"; and led to the founding of the civil liberties union

answer

What is unlawful in regards to free speech? In other words, what can you not say?

question

In 1989, the supreme court defended the burring of the US flag as a "speech act" protected by the 1 amendment. Its nonverbal communication that receives the same laws for free speech

answer

speech act

question

Free speech became a right of the US citizen. Speech act of 1989 protects nonverbal speech // ex: burring of the flag. Patriot Act was widely criticized. In 21st century, free speech has become an issue of global concern.

answer

How has free speech been challenged/defended throughout US history?

question

Honest, tolerable, and responsible speech that has clear reasonable goals presented to the audience; doesn't try tricking them into false expectations or hidden agendas

answer

ethical speech

question

true

answer

If your overall objective is to inform or persuade, it is probably ethical; if your goal is to demean, coerce, or manipulate, it is unethical. True/false?

question

true

answer

To have an ethical speech, one must state evidence that could be potentially damaging to your case in order to not manipulate your audience & have clear intentions. True/false?

question

sensitivity to feelings. needs, interest, and backgrounds of other people

answer

accommodation

question

true

answer

Knowingly offering false or misleading information to an audience is an ethical violation with potentially serious consequences. True/false?

question

presenting someones words or ideas, as if they were your own

answer

plagiarizing

question

failing to give credit for phrases taken from another source

answer

patch writing

question

info found and used in speech spoken during the presentation, either directly before or after fact was stated; includes author, title, year of publication

answer

oral citation

question

citing source in print in a conventional citing way, includes the author, title and year of publication

answer

written citation

question

true

answer

According to 75 to 98 percent of college students admit to having cheated at least once. True/false?

question

audiences perception of a speaker as competent, knowledgeable, dynamic, and trustworthy: includes ethos, logos, and pathos

answer

credibility

question

1) having a clear, responsible goal 2) use sound evidence and reasoning 3) be sensitive and tolerant to differences 4) be honest 5) dont plagarize

answer

Five ways to be ethical in public speaking

question

process which receivers select, attend to, understand, remember the senders messages

answer

listening

question

to single out a message from several competing messages

answer

select

question

to focus on incoming information for further processing

answer

attend

question

to assign meaning to the information to which you attend

answer

understand

question

recall ideas and information

answer

remember

question

to react with a change in behavior to a speakers message

answer

respond

question

theory that suggests that listeners find it difficult to concentrate and remember when their short term working memories are full

answer

working memory theory of listening

question

information overload

answer

We often tune out because we hear so much information that we get tired of listening is an example of what?

question

Make sure you speech has a balance between new information and supporting material such as stories and examples.

answer

How do you keep your audience from tuning out as a speaker?

question

Be redundant, repeat key ideas so if listeners miss it the first time they'll hear it the sec on time. Also balance of facts and stories is extremely important

answer

What are two ways to fight information overload as a speaker?

question

Recognize you're not listening, sit up straight, actually listen to the speaker/adjust your listening, and remain focused on the message of the speaker

answer

How do you stay attentive as a listener rather than zone out?

question

preconceived opinions, attitudes, and beliefs about a person, place, thing, or message. your ability to understand the message decreases

answer

prejudice

question

true

answer

Deciding a speech that has a topic you have little value for before you even hear the message is an example of prejudice. True/false?

question

consider nonverbal cues in the context, look for clusters of clues, look for clues that communicate liking

answer

How do you interpret non verbal messages?

question

info overload, personal concerns, outside distractions, prejudice & differences in speech rate compared to thought rate

answer

What are 5 barriers to effective listening?

question

Listen mindfully, listen skillfully, listen with your eyes as well as your ears, and listen ethically

answer

How are four ways you can become a better listener?

question

preferred ways of making sense out of spoken messages

answer

listening styles

question

comfortable listening to people express feeling and emotions

answer

relational orientated listener

question

wants people to get to the point

answer

task orientated listener

question

rejects messages because they don't have enough adequate evidence to support the conclusion

answer

analytical listener

question

spends time evaluating the messages you hear

answer

critical listener

question

listening to evaluate quality or value of the info you hear

answer

critical listening

question

conclusion made on partial info that hasn't been directly observed

answer

inference

question

infer that has been proven to be true by direct observation

answer

facts

question

facts, examples, opinions, and stats a speaker uses to support conclusion

answer

evidence

question

Separate facts from inferences, evaluate the quality of evidence, evaluate the underlying logic and reasoning

answer

What are 3 ways to improve listening and critical thinking skills?

question

formal system of rules used to reach a conclusion

answer

logic

question

process of drawing a conclusion from evidence

answer

reasoning

question

process of using a method or standards to evaluate the effectiveness and appropriateness of messages

answer

rhetorical criticism

question

be descriptive, be positive, be specific, be constructive, be sensitive, be realistic

answer

What are some examples on how to give feedback to others?

question

true

answer

Public speakers are rhetoricians who uses symbols to achieve their goals. True/false?

question

examining demographic information about an audience so as to develop and clear and effective message

answer

demographic audience analysis

question

Gather information about your audience, analyze info about your audience, adapt to your audience

answer

What are three ways to become an audience centered speaker?

question

unrestricted answers by not limiting to choices or alternatives

answer

open ended questions

question

offer alternatives on what to choose; true/false, multiple choice, agree/disagree

answer

close ended questions

question

process of examining info about those who are expected to listen to a speech

answer

audience analysis

question

similarities between a speaker and audience members in attitudes, values, beliefs, or behaviors

answer

common ground

question

culturally constructed and psychologically based perception of ones self as feminine or masculine

answer

gender

question

persons biological status as male or female

answer

sex

question

a learned system of knowledge, behavior, attitudes, beliefs, values and normals that is shared by a group of people

answer

culture

question

assumption that ones own cultural perspectives and methods are superior to those of other cultures

answer

ethnocentrism

question

specific segment of an audience that you most want to influence

answer

target audience

question

persons perceived importance and influence based on income, occupation, and education level

answer

socioeconomic status

question

examination of the time and place of a speech, the audience size, and the speaking occasion in order to develop a clear and effective message

answer

situational audience analysis

question

creative problem solving technique used to generate ideas

answer

brainstorming

question

wording of a specific purpose in terms of desired audience behavior

answer

behavioral objective

question

use words that refer to observable or measurable behavior, limit the specific purpose to a single idea, make sure your specific purpose reflects the interests, expectations & knowledge level of your audience

answer

What are three ways to create a specific purpose?

question

grammatically complete sentence, rather than a clause, phrase or question

answer

declarative sentence

question

the central idea of a speech plus a preview of the main ideas

answer

blue print

question

personal knowledge & experience, online databases, internet, interviews, traditional library holdings

answer

List 5 potential sources of supporting material for a speech

question

primary information delivery system of the internet

answer

world wide web

question

a website that indexes world wide web info into a specific field

answer

vertical search engine

question

advanced web searching technique that allows a user to narrow a subject or key word search by adding various requirements

answer

boolean search

question

category in which a web site is located on the internet, indicated by the last three letters of the sites url

answer

domain

question

subscription based electronic resources that may offer access to abstracts and or the full texts of entries, as well as bibliographic data

answer

online databases

question

libraries collection of books

answer

stacks

question

list of potential resources to be used in preparation of a speech

answer

preliminary bibliography

question

take notes, assess the usefulness of resources, locate resources, develop a preliminary bibliography, idenitify possible presentation aids

answer

Five strategies for a methodical research process:

question

a story or anecdote that provides an example of an idea, issue, or problem speaker is discussing

answer

illustration

question

an unelaborated example, only sentence or two

answer

brief illustration

question

a detailed example

answer

extended illustration

question

describes a situation or event that hasn't actually occurred

answer

hypothetical illustration

question

a word picture of something

answer

description

question

a statement that makes clear how something is done or why it exists in its present form or existed in its past form

answer

explanation

question

a statement about what a term means or how it is applied in a specific instance

answer

definition

question

a dictionary definition is constructed by both placing a term in the general class to which is belong and differentiating it from all other members of that class

answer

definition by classification

question

a statement that shows how something works or what it does

answer

operational definition

question

a comparison

answer

analogy

question

a comparison between two similar things

answer

literal analogy

question

a comparison between two essentially dissimilar things that share some common feature on which the comparison depends

answer

figurative analogy

question

numerical data that summarize facts or samples

answer

statistics

question

the original collector and interpreter of information or data

answer

primary source

question

an individual, organization, or publication that reports information or data gathered by another entity

answer

secondary source

question

statements expressing an individuals attitudes, beliefs, or values

answer

opinions

question

an opinion offered by someone who is an authority on a subject

answer

expert testimony

question

an opinion or description offered by a non expert who has firsthand experience

answer

lay testimony

question

an opinion or description by a writer who speaks in a memorable and often poetic way

answer

literary quotation

question

descriptions & explanations, definitions, illustrations, analogies, statistics, opinions

answer

What are the six types of best supporting material for a speech?

question

a public discussion in which a series of short speeches is presented to an audience

answer

symposium

question

a question and answer session that usually follows a public discussion or symposium

answer

forum

question

a group discussion designed to inform an audience about issues or a problem or to make recommendations

answer

panel discussion

question

speeches designed to inform the public, to strengthen alliances with them, and in some cases to recommend policy

answer

public relations speeches

question

circumstances surrounding the speech or the occasion for a speech

answer

karios

question

a speech delivered on a special occasion for celebration, thanksgiving, praise, or mourning

answer

ceremonial speech

question

a speech that provides information about another speaker

answer

speech of introduction

question

a brief salute to a momentous occasion

answer

toast

question

a speech that accompanies the conferring of an award

answer

award presentation

question

a speech that officially names someone as a candidate for an office or a position

answer

nomination speech

question

a speech of thanks for an award, nomination, or other honor

answer

acceptance speech

question

a speech that sea the theme and tone for a meeting or conference

answer

keynote address

question

a speech delivered at a graduation or commencement ceremony

answer

commencement address

question

a speech delivered during ceremonious held in memory of some past even and/or the person or persons involved

answer

commemorative address

question

a speech of tribute delivered when someone has died

answer

eulogy

question

a humorous presentation, usually delivered in conjunction with a mealtime meeting or banquet

answer

after dinner speech

question

the use of double meanings to create humor

answer

pun

question

a phrase in which the initial sounds of words are switched

answer

spoonerism

question

the mistaken use of a word that sounds much like the intended word

answer

malapropism

question

exaggeration

answer

hyperbole

question

downplaying a fact or event

answer

understatement

question

saying the opposite of what one means

answer

verbal irony

question

relating an incident that takes an unexpected turn at the end

answer

wit

question

introductions, toasts, award presentations, nominations, acceptances, keynote addresses, commemorative addresses, commencement addresses, eulogies,

answer

List the 9 types of ceremonial speeches:

question

a speech that teaches others new information, ideas, concepts, principles, or processes in order to enhance their knowledge or understand about something

answer

speech to inform

question

speeches about objects, speeches about procedures, speeches about people, speeches about ideas, speeches about events

answer

List 5 types of informative speeches:

question

the art and science of teaching children

answer

pedagogy

question

the art and science of teaching adults

answer

andragogy

question

a vivid description that appeals to the senses

answer

word picture

question

Speak the clarity, use principles and techniques of adult learning, clarify unfamiliar ideas or complex processes,

answer

List four strategies to enhance audience understanding?

question

tell a story, present information that relates to your listeners, use the unexpected

answer

What are three strategies to maintain audience interest?

question

listeners expect effective delivery, listeners make emotional connects with you through delivery, listeners believe what they see

answer

What are three reasons delivery is important to a speaker?

question

communication other than written or spoken language that creates meaning

answer

non verbal communication

question

a communication theory that suggests that if listeners expectations about how communication should be expressed are violated, listeners will feel lies favorable toward the communicator of the message

answer

nonverbal expectancy theory

question

a theory suggesting that people tend to catch the emotions of others

answer

emotional contagion theory

question

reading a speech from a written text

answer

manuscript speaking

question

manuscript speaking, memorized speaking, impromptu speaking, extemporaneous speaking

answer

What are four methods of delivery?

question

delivering a speech word for word from memory without using notes

answer

memorized speaking

question

delivering a speech without advance preparation

answer

impromptu speaking

question

speaking from a written or memorized speech outline without having memorized the exact wording of the speech

answer

extemporaneous speaking

question

gestures, eye contact, movement, posture, facial expression, vocal delivery, personal appearance

answer

What are 7 characteristics of effective delivery?

question

the degree of perceived physical or psychological closeness between people

answer

immediacy

question

behaviors such a making eye contact, making appropriate gestures, and adjusting physical distance that enhance the quality of the relationship between speaker and listeners

answer

immediacy behaviors

question

the softness or loudness of a speakers voice

answer

volume

question

a consistent style of pronouncing words that is common to an ethnic group or geographic region

answer

dialect

question

the use of sounds to form words clearly and accurately

answer

pronunciation

question

how high or low the voice sounds

answer

pitch

question

a microphone that can be clipped to an article of clothing or worn on a cord around your neck

answer

lavaliere microphone

question

a microphone that is suspended from a bar mode to follow the speaker, often used in movies and TV

answer

boom microphone

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