COM 103 MIDTERM – Flashcards
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According to the National Communication Association, _________ is fundamental to responsible thinking, decision-making, and the development of relationships and communities
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ethical communication
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______ speech or speech acts are legally protected
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free
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"Congress shall make no law...abridging the freedom of speech"
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first amendment
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What was the first organization formed to protect free speech in America?
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The American civil liberties union
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The ______ act broadened the investigative powers of govt agencies and restricted free speech after 9/11
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Patriot
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Why was Gabe's story about the drunk driving incident and making it seem like it was his sister unethical?
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Violated the principle that speakers should be honest
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Hypothetical illustrations within a speech are
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acceptable to show what might happen, as long as the speaker makes it clear that it is hypothetical
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What is the issue with Marty's adapted speech on bats?
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it is an ethical violation (plagiarism)
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In a speech on breast cancer, Keisha uses information from the breast cancer foundation website. How should it be orally cited?
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"According to www.nationalbreastcancer.org"
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________ is a speaker's believability
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credibility
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A speaker who gathers info about the listeners, analyzes the information, and adapts his or her speech to them is a(n) _____________ speaker.
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audience-centered
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To gather formal information about audience members' beliefs, attitudes, and you should--
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ask open-ended and closed-ended questions on a survey
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when attempting to discover whether you and your audience have similar cultural characteristics, age, education etc you are trying to establish ________
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common ground
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A good speaker will ethically use info gathered in an audience analysis so their message will be understood. This is called _____________
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adaptation
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What is ethnocentrism?
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The attitude that one's own cultural approach is superior to those from other cultures
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People from _______ cultures are more likely to perceive people in leadership roles as credible
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high-power
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A specific segment of your audience that you most want to address or influence is known as the ___________ audience
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target
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What is the element of a psychological analysis that refers to the audiences' concept of good/bad/right/wrong
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values
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A situational audience analysis includes an examination of the .....
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time and place of speech, size of audience, and occasion
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the best public-speaking topics include those that reflect
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your personal experience
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when you make a list of your interests without stopping to evaluate your ideas, you are ________
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brainstorming
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Which is true of an attentive audience?
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an attentive audience doesn't move much
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Is it appropriate to develop a speech topic based on something you heard on a TV talk show?
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Yes; brainstorming ideas from a TV program is a good way to develop a topic
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The _______________________ is decided solely by the speaker since it depends on the behavioral change the speaker expects from the audience
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specific purpose
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What is the difference between a purpose statement and a central idea?
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A purpose statement focuses on audience behavior, while a central idea focuses on the content of the speech
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If a speaker says "Tonight, I am going to discuss with you two reasons why....including blank and blank" they are giving ______________
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a preview of main points
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what is wrong with the central idea of "Deforestation by lumber interests and toxic waste dumping are major concerns in the US today"?
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contains more than one idea
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What is the problem of the CI of "God care is very difficult"?
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too vague
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"Censorship of the music industry violates our 1st amendment right to free speech" is an example of what?
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central idea/ thesis
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A central idea should be written as a ________________________
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declarative sentence
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The primary information-delivery system of the internet is ____________
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the world wide web
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Discussing your speech topic with someone with someone who is knowledgeable on the subject is a method of gathering supporting material known as __________
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interviewing
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If you're only getting yes/no answers in an interview, you should ________-
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ask open-ended questions and ask "why"
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A lengthy illustration with a plot is called a(n) ___________ illustration
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extended
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Using the word "imagine" or presenting a scenario that might happen is a ________________
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hypothetical illustration
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Describing how things would be located within a space is known as ___________ organization
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spatial
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A speech that presents an issue that needs resolving can be organized in a _____________________ pattern
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problem-solution
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When you tell your audience your main ideas before you move into your speech you are using a ____________
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preview
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"in addition", "therefore", "in other words" are examples of what?
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verbal transitions
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_____________ is the detailed outline of a speech that includes the central idea, main ideas, and supporting material
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preparation outline
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The first priority in an introduction is to ________________
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get the audience's attention
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a credible speaker is someone who _____________________
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audience members believe they can trust
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In an introduction, you may ask a question that doesn't require an answer but makes the audience think. This is called a _______________ question
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rhetorical
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Delivering a speech in a conversational style from a well-developed and researched outline is termed _________________ delivery
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extemporaneous
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Without a word, an audience can be silenced by the speaker holding up the palm of their hand. this is the nonverbal function of _____________
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substituting
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Which is a guideline for using gestures in a speech?
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make your gestures appropriate to the situation and audience
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eye contact, appropriate gestures, and physical closeness are examples of ____________ behaviors
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immediacy
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a consistent style of pronouncing words that is common to a group of people or region is called a ___________
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dialect
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The most common type of microphone is called the ______________ mic
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stationary
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When speaking to inform, the speaker's primary goals are to ________________
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enhance understanding, gain interest, and ensure that the audience will remember what was said
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a speech about ______________ is an informative speech that discusses anything you can see or touch
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objects
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an informative speech on how to fix a flat tire is what type?
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procedure
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talking about someone you know or someone famous is a ___________ speech
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Biographical
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A speech about an event usually follows a __________ pattern of organization
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chronological
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most speeches are organized according to complexity or _____________
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topically
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you can "de-mystify" a complex process by using a _____________, word picture, or description
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analogy
