Coach Cummings Study Guide Chapter 15 – Flashcards
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Brittleness and a high melting point are properties of __________________
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ionic compounds
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What kind of compound rarely dissolves in water?
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covalent compounds
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What substance has a sour taste and produces hydrogen gas when it reacts with some metals?
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acid
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Which substance has a bitter taste and a slippery feel?
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base
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If almost all the molecules of an acid break apart when dissolved in water, the acid is ______________________.
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strong
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What rating is neutral on the pH scale?
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7
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When an acid and a base neutralize each other, what remains?
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salt and usually water
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Most compounds are _____________________.
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covalent compounds
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What is measured by pH?
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the concentration of hydronium ions
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_________________ is a value used to express the acidity or alkalinity (basicity) of a solution.
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pH
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What ionic compound is formed when the positive ions of a base and the negative ions of an acid combine?
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salt
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What is the reaction of an acid and a base that forms a neutral solution of water and a salt?
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neutralization reaction
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Citric acid is a weak acid. Explain what that means.
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That it has lost hardly any molecules weak acid
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What happens when acids and bases come in contact with each other?
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they neutralize each over to pH 7
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Sodium chloride, sodium nitrate and calcium sulfate are all _________________.
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salts
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Ionic compounds can be formed when ________________ react with ________________________.
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metals and nonmetals
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What kind of structure does an ionic compound have?
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crystal lattice
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Covalent compounds usually have a ________________ melting point.
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low
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What does it mean when a substance is said to be soluble?
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that it dissolves in liquid or water
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Which compound is formed when a group of atoms share electrons?
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covalent compounds
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What happens when acid is added to blue litmus paper?
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litmus paper turns red
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Identify a use for the following acids. hydrochloric acid nitric acid sulfuric acid carbonic acid
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makes metals plastics,fetilzers paint,batteries soft drinks
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Acids can be ____________________
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corrusive or poisionous
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The pH of a solution shows the concentration of what type of ion?
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hydronium ion
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What type of solution has a pH greater than 7?
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bases
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What type of solution has a pH less than 7?
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acids
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What is the pH of a neutral solution?
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7
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What does an indicator show?
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change of colors
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What color does a base change red litmus paper to?
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blue litmus paper
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Any compound that increases the number of hydroxide ions when dissolved in water is a/an ________________________
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base
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Any compound that increases the number of hydronium ions dissolved in water is a/an ____________
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acid
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What can corrosive substances destroy?
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clothing body tissue etc
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What flavor do acids have?
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sour
