CIE Final Review – Flashcards
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What is generally considered a positive aspect of the teaching profession?
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Working with children, interaction, passion
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According to surveys, the vast majority of teachers are...
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Frustrated with negativity from students
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Teachers' salaries...
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are rising, but are generally lower than those of other professionals. Highest salary: CA Lowest Salary: Dakotas Teachers are paid less in private schools, and all are paid differently depending on factors like degrees, extra activities like coaching, and on area/location of the school
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One reason why many teachers with more experience and higher levels of education become frustrated with their careers is that...
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They are treated the same as other teachers and they have to work as hard as every other teacher. The money flow is an issue, as well.
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What supports an argument that teaching is a profession today?
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Teachers have an extensive training and teaching period, a research base, and qualifying exams, just like other professions. They also undergo a 5 year college track.
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A higher level of parental support and involvement is usually found at what level?
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Elementary School
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Education in he first half of the 20th century was characterized by...
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Increased federal funding for specific programs, increased support for under-achieving students, many education reforms, the construction of more schools at all levels
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What did the Smith-Hughes Act do?
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It allocated funds for teacher training to ensure that the high schools had qualified teachers; this led to a rise in female teachers.
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What were often the qualifications of teachers in colonial times?
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They could not be married, had to have a good reputation, had to be white, had to have some schooling, but they were often outcasts of society who had no other choice but teaching to earn a living and, usually, to pay off debts.
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What was the normal school? When and where was it established?
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A two-year educational institution that taught people how to be teachers; it was established in the 19th century in Concord, Vermont. It was modeled after the European schools and colleges.
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What types of stipulations did a teaching contract in the 1920s include?
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Teachers had to be modest women who did not drink or smoke, who observed a curfew, who kept the classroom clean, and who did not go anywhere without permission.
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What was the influential report that focused the nation's attention on the need for education reform, and set in motion the first of three waves of reform that have been buffeting American schools since the 1980s?
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A Nation At Risk
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The scathing 1983 report released by the National Commission on Excellence in Education criticized schools for their...
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Declining test scores, weak performance, illiterates, and the fact that the U.S. was falling behind other nations.
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Immediately after the release of "A Nation at Risk," most school reformers focused on...
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Strengthening the teaching profession, the back-to-the-basics curriculum, restructuring education, providing social and medical services, increased course requirements, and requiring more tests for students and teachers.
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An examination of the history of school reform movements in the U.S. reveals...
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trial and error, flaws and achievements. The movements often, if not always, coincided with what the current priorities were.
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Which type of school was begun as a tool to desegregate schools?
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Magnet Schools
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What was the formal curriculum of the 17th century primarily concerned with?
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The Bible and religious instruction
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In the 1960s, the curriculum emphasized...
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social currents events, the world around the students.
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The strong emphasis on the basics and academics during the 1960s was due to...
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Ronald Reagan, A Nation at Risk, declining performance on tests, the drop out rate
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What would be supported by the back-to-the-basics movement?
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Academic knowledge, patriotism, training the mind, promoting reasoning, a common culture among Americans.
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What are the MAJOR federal NCLB requirements?
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Highly qualified teachers, Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP), meeting standards, reporting student performance, and mandatory testing
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In the era of No Child Left Behind, evidence shows that for many schools, teaching is being redefined as what?
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Testing to pass and simply teaching the test
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Only 15 years after arriving in America, the Puritans established what school?
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The Latin Grammar School
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In the colonial period, which area offered the most structured, formal education?
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The North
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What features of U.S. education today can be traced to colonial times?
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Locally controlled schools, education not being an option, schools being available to all, and taxes supporting schools.
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What would be in a traditional approach to moral education?
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No questions. "It is how it is." Everything is the same, direct and indirect.
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An effective career ladder for teachers would include...
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Construction of facilities, changing to other fields, increased salary, government funding.
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Which contributors to education actively advocated child-centered education?
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Horace Mann, John Dewey, Emma Hart Willard, Maria Montessori, Catherine Beecher, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Sylvia Ashton-Warner
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Who worked to make equal educational opportunity a reality?
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Martin Luther King Jr., Horace Mann, John Dewey, Mary McLeod Bethune, Henry Bernard, Prudence Crandall, Emma Hart Willard
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The decision outlawing segregation in schools was...
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Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
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The recommendations of the Committee of Ten are MOST SIMILAR to those of what?
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A Nation at Risk and the Ten Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education
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The "Old Deluder Satan" Law of 1647 required that...
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50+ households in a town in Massachusetts had to hire/provide a school teacher of reading and writing and 100+ households provide Latin Grammar School to prepare students for Harvard; students had to read the Bible to "go against Satan"
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The first real textbook used in the 18th century colonial schools that promoted not only mastery of the alphabet but also religious morality was the...
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New England Primer
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Ben Franklin's academy upheld what principles regarding education?
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Supporting a practical curriculum by providing a variety of practical subjects, including reading, writing, and arithmetic; this place was free from religious influence and included males and females.
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Education became a state responsibility through the...
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10th Amendment; because the power was not assigned to the federal government, it fell to the states.
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The common school movement represented...
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Public elementary schools and bringing democracy to the classroom.
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The name most closely associated with the common school movement is...
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Horace Mann
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Most Native American children are educated in...
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Public Schools
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What best describes the "gendered" nature of teaching in the U.S.?
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In the beginning, most teachers were male. Today, teachers are male and female but there are many many more female teachers than there used to be.
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Early school reform reports such at the recommendations of the Committee of Ten and the Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education show...
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That high school had to be revamped so that students could be more prepared for college (Committee of Ten) and the world (Cardinal Principles)
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The name most closely associated with progressive education is...
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John Dewey
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What court case best describes the influence of the federal government on education?
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Brown v. Board
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De jure segregation refers to...
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Separate but equal. Segregation was okay by law, it was a dual system based on race that was approved by the law.
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What is Title IX?
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A component of the Education Amendments of 1972 that banned discrimination based on gender.
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Over the past two decades, the Supreme Court declared what to be illegal in school admissions?
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Racial quotas
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Females in the U.S. have been and are treated how in regards to education?
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Poorly
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What was the Gary Plan?
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To teach more than just academics, to incorporate other aspects such as husbandry, work, study, and play.
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Who wrote "School and Society?"
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John Dewey
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Who was responsible for making the New York system for education widespread?
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Ellwood P. Cubberly
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From what country did the U.S. adopt the IQ test?
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France
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Who was responsible for implementing the usage of the IQ test in the United States?
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Ellwood P. Cubberley
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When did the Philadelphis Bible Riots occur?
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1843
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After the Civil War, how many Americans were now free to become literate?
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4 million former slaves
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What subject was incorporated into the new school system after women became primary educators?
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Zoology
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America was providing more schooling to more children than any other nation on earth by what year?
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1890
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Horace Mann was considered...
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The Father of Public Education
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For many years, education was denied to...
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African Americans, women, minorities, certain religious groups, non-white males, and female immigrants
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The "Blueback Speller," written by Noah Webster, was the first attempt to standardize...
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language; concentration on English (or "American")
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Dame schools...
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Took place the place of primary schools in colonial and other periods; students were taught by untrained women in the women's own homes
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Which school, founded in 1636, was the first U.S. college?
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Harvard
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What is pedagogy?
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The science of education/teaching; your definition of teaching and your own philosophy.
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Apprenticeship in the 1600 and 1700s...
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Rounded out a child's college education; like an internship. Males received their masters and women mastered home skills.
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Where does the funding for U.S. schools come from?
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The federal, state, and local levels
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Where do states get money for schools from?
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The lottery, sales taxes, personal income taxes, etc.
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Percentage of education funds provided by the federal government?
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7-9%
