question

An example of a language family is __________.

answer

Sino-Tibetan.

question

From most distant to closest relatives, languages can be classified into

answer

families, branches, and groups.

question

The geographic study of the distribution of languages provides a good example of

answer

the interplay between globalization and local diversity.

question

Tens of thousands of years ago, languages may have been joined together as

answer

superfamilies

question

The two largest language families in the world are

answer

Sino-Tibetan and Indo-European.

question

When languages are depicted as leaves on trees, the roots of the trees below the surface represent

answer

possible prehistoric superfamilies.

question

When languages are depicted as leaves on trees, the trunks of the trees represent

answer

language families.

question

A literary tradition is

answer

the written form of a language.

question

The main difference between languages in the same family, branch, or group is how

answer

recently in time the languages were once the same.

question

A group of languages that share a common origin but have since evolved into individual languages is a

answer

language branch.

question

The second-largest language family is

answer

Sino-Tibetan.

question

All languages have a literary tradition but these traditions are being lost.

answer

False

question

Language is a part of culture.

answer

True

question

In terms of the number of speakers, which language family is the largest?

answer

Indo-European

question

Languages within the Indo-European family are widely spoken in all of the following countries except __________.

answer

Saudi Arabia

question

How many language families in the world have at least 100 million native speakers?

answer

nine

question

The most spoken Afro-Asiatic language is Arabic.

answer

True

question

Language families are all approximately equal in size.

answer

False

question

Which of the following is NOT a Romance language?

answer

English

question

Which of the following is not one of the four most commonly spoken branches of Indo-European?

answer

Greek

question

English is part of which language branch?

answer

Germanic

question

English is part of which language family?

answer

Indo-European

question

Russian is part of what language branch?

answer

Balto-Slavic

question

Which branch of Indo-European has the most native speakers?

answer

Indo-Iranian

question

Germanic, Romance, and Latin are all branches of Indo-European.

answer

False

question

Indo-Iranian is the branch of Indo-European with the most speakers.

answer

True

question

English is the primary language spoken in England because __________.

answer

the British Parliament changed the language from French to English in 1362 even though French had been the primary language there beginning in 1066

question

In an effort to understand the diffusion of language, the "peace" hypothesis __________.

answer

makes the claim that eastern Anatolia in modern-day Turkey was the hearth of the Indo-European language

question

A language used by the government for business and official documents is a(n)

answer

official language.

question

Marija Gimbutas' theory points to the first speakers of the Indo-European language as the ancient

answer

Kurgans

question

The Kurgans

answer

were horse and cattle herders from the grassland steppes of present day Russia and Kazakhstan.

question

According to Colin Renfrew's Anatolian hearth theory, Indo-European languages diffused across Europe

answer

with the diffusion of agriculture.

question

Germanic invaders of England included which tribe?

answer

Angles, Jutes, Saxons except normans

question

Both the Angles and the Normans contributed to the development of the English language, because they

answer

invaded England.

question

The first speakers of the language that evolved into English were tribes that lived in present-day

answer

Denmark

question

The Anatolian and Kurgan Hearth theories are both an explanation of language diffusing through

answer

Migration

question

England's isolation as an island means that English developed free of influence from other languages.

answer

False

question

The Angles, Jutes, and Saxons were Celtic tribes who invaded England.

answer

False

question

An interesting aspect of dialects is __________.

answer

they can vary in their vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation

question

In comparing British and American English there are __________.

answer

differences in vocabulary apply mostly to words referring to modern inventions and unfamiliar things experienced by British settlers in the United States

question

Dialects developed within England primarily because

answer

different Germanic invaders settled in different regions.

question

British and American English differ in all but which of the following?

answer

Alphabet

question

Immigrants to which American colonies had the most diverse backgrounds?

answer

Middle Atlantic

question

An isogloss is

answer

a boundary between language regions.

question

When people who speak a given language migrate to a different location and become isolated from other members of their group,

answer

various dialects may develop.

question

A form of a language spoken in a local area is a

answer

dialect.

question

Multiple dialects of American English formed because of

answer

differences in the dialects of the colonial settlers.

question

Regional dialects in England can be traced back to the settlement patterns of the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes.

answer

True

question

Americans spell words differently than the British primarily because of a strong national desire in the United States for an independent identity.

answer

True

question

New Englanders use a different dialect of English than other Americans because they came from different regions of England.

answer

True

question

The recent dominance of English as a lingua franca throughout the world is mostly the result of __________.

answer

expansion diffusion

question

English is an official language in all of the following countries except __________.

answer

China

question

English is the leading language on the Internet

answer

but is becoming less important.

question

A lingua franca is

answer

a language that is mutually understood by people who have different native languages.

question

All but which are true about the English language?

answer

It is an isogloss.

question

English was spread around the world through the establishment of British colonies.

answer

True

question

A pidgin language is a mixture of a colonial and indigenous language.

answer

False

question

Which of the following statements about isolated, extinct, and endangered languages is correct?

answer

Hebrew is a rare case of a language that was extinct but was then revived.

question

A language without known language relatives is a(n)

answer

isolated language.

question

Hebrew is an example of

answer

a revived language.

question

A language's survival depends on

answer

the political and military strength of its speakers.

question

Basque is a good example of a(n)

answer

isolated language.

question

Hebrew is an example of an extinct language.

answer

False

question

Basque is the only non-Indo-European language currently spoken in Europe.

answer

False

question

If you travel to Montréal, Québec, which of the following are you most likely to see?

answer

posters and signs in French only

question

Which of the following statements about linguistic diversity in the United States and Canada is most accurate?

answer

In Canada, many English-speaking citizens and corporations have left Québec to English-speaking Ontario.

question

Québec has acted to protect the French language by

answer

requiring its use on signs.

question

A creolized language is

answer

a mix of indigenous and colonial languages.

question

________ is to Canada as ________ is to the United States.

answer

French; Spanish

question

Spanish is increasingly important in the United States because

answer

of large-scale immigration from Latin America.

question

French speakers in Québec have considered separation from Canada.

answer

True

question

Which of the following statements about language and regional conflict in Nigeria is correct?

answer

The Nigerian government recently relocated the capital to ease regional tensions.

question

The Flemings and Walloons speak languages belonging to different

answer

Language Branches

question

Official languages in Switzerland include all but which of the following?

answer

Flemish

question

Nigeria's cultural diversity is summed up by

answer

the more than 500 distinct languages spoken there.

question

Switzerland has four official languages.

answer

True

question

Belgium's multilingual divisions are more peaceful than Switzerland's.

answer

False

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