Aardman Animations produced Chicken Run, a humorous spoof of The Great Escape, employing several presentation techniques to highlight the differences between Ginger and Mrs. Tweedy, the main characters.
By creating relationships between the audience and the main characters, the producers aimed to satisfy young children as their target audience. This was achieved through effectively portraying the good characters as likable and the evil ones as alarming. As soon as the first scene commences, the dim lighting implies an ominous presence surrounding the set. However, the first chicken that appears is brightly illuminated from the front, presenting a positive aura. This character, Ginger, ultimately becomes the influential protagonist that guides the other chickens.
When filming Ginger, she is typically lit from the front
...to avoid shadows and being lit from behind. The audience rarely sees her in shadows. Ginger is often shown in a mid shot at a high angle or eye level to portray her as small yet dominant and good. Eye level is used to convey equality with the chickens or understanding of them.
The audience often sees the chickens looking up to Mrs Tweedy, but they also know that the chickens are capable of helping others on their own. The camera frequently shows the chickens at eye level, with a mid or long shot depicting Mrs Tweedy as the dominant figure on the chicken farm. The first shot of her portrays her in a shadow, suggesting that she is a sinister and menacing character.
The reason for Mrs Tweedy being illuminated from behind in the doorway is to obscure the harsh, bright light that is behind her, and in doing so, this reflects
her dominance at first sight. The decision to film Mrs Tweedy from a low angle can be attributed to the fact that we are observing her at the same eye level as the chickens, further emphasizing her height and superiority over them. Additionally, Mrs Tweedy is frequently depicted looking directly at the camera.
This presents the malice in her visage and the resentment in her gaze, while affording the spectators an intimate view of her intimidating facial attributes. The physical traits, comportment, and portrayal offer a wealth of insight into the characters. For instance, during an extreme close-up on Mrs. Tweedy's countenance, one can observe all her malevolent characteristics. It is noticeable that her eyebrows are persistently downturned, hence creating the impression of an eternal scowl. This scowl establishes her portrayal as an irate character almost instantaneously.
Mrs Tweedy's eyes appear dark and partially open with a blue hue of make-up on her half-shut eyelids. The cold colour of blue creates a perception of being cold and dark. Mrs Tweedy only smiles when she can profit from killing chickens, showcasing her selfishness and lack of concern for others. Even when she does smile, there is an underlying tone of evil.
With a steady and deliberate pace, Mrs Tweedy moves in a manner that resembles a slow march, stomping her foot to create a dominant and formidable presence. Her rigid posture and height further enforce this impression, as she appears like an officer, reminiscent of The Great Escape. Her clenched fists add to the perception of her villainous nature.
One reason why Mrs. Tweedy appears very masculine is because the majority of officers during the war were male.
She tends to keep her hands either on her hips or behind her back, which gives her a formal appearance. In contrast, Ginger has a determined expression rather than an angry one, indicating her determination to help herself and the other chickens escape. She never turns her mouth downwards in a sad way, suggesting that she is generally happy and kind.
Moving at a rapid pace, her footsteps a tiny patter, she shows a determined attitude. Though small in size, other qualities reveal her talents. Ginger demonstrates patience with her fellow chickens, yet sometimes she grows frustrated when they struggle to accomplish tasks. This frustration simply indicates that she wishes to lead them to freedom. Often she has already escaped on her own, but if others are caught or stuck, she will return to aid them. The sounds effects and music within the film carry significant weight in the story, noticeable only when intentionally focused upon. The main theme of the film acts as a form of parody of The Great Escape.
When examining a character in the film, the theme is utilized to provide insight into their personality. The only sound that is considered non-diagetic in this particular film is the music. This decision was made due to the target audience, children, having difficulty distinguishing between diagetic and non-diagetic sounds. All sound effects were intentionally used within the scene for better understanding by younger viewers. In scenes where Ginger is in good spirits, which tends to be frequent, the accompanying music is cheerful and calming with primarily string instruments and a moderate tempo.
The tempo displayed by the main character shows readiness and a willingness
for escape plans. During her description of ‘paradise’ to the other chickens, the background music features subtle sounds with bird tweets, conveying their beauty and the protagonist’s desire for attainment. The mood shifts when the focus changes to Mrs Tweedy, evident by a change in music from calm to rigid, with a low pitch and double bass emphasizing her threatening nature. The music has a minor tone which is neither happy nor jolly, but evil. A religious piece called Ave Maria plays when Mrs Tweedy prepares to kill Edwina.
Despite not being religious, it is ironic that Mrs Tweedy is portrayed as an intimidating figure whenever a camera captures her on film. Aardman Animations have effectively utilized the farm's setting and character costumes to depict the concepts of good and evil. The farm belonging to Mrs Tweedy is portrayed as being shrouded in darkness, with dark clouds constantly hovering above, further emphasizing the somber atmosphere.
The appearance of her house and barn reflects her personality. Antique pictures adorn the walls of her dull-colored furniture-filled home, illuminated only by unnatural lamps. Her choice of dark, uninviting furniture suggests a cold demeanor. Similarly, her barn also lacks vibrancy.
Despite the absence of furniture, the damp and dark atmosphere in the old fashioned setting is quite evident. Furthermore, the chart on the wall in the beginning of the film creates a negative impression of the farm since it reveals that the chickens are being exploited for financial gain. The first shot of the barbed wire also adds to the negative tone of the scene. However, amidst this bleakness, there is one bright spot - the chicken coops are a
pleasant sight from the interior.
The coops have a warm, cosy atmosphere with a bright golden hue. The unity of the team is evident through this and Ginger's positive qualities make it clear that it's a great place. As a chicken, Ginger's costume is simple and practical, without any leather jackets or suits.
Ginger wears a small neck cloth as a symbol of good luck and a green knitted hat to parody The Great Escape and depict herself as a prisoner. Despite being a chicken, she appears very upfront and imposing. In contrast, Mrs Tweedie's costume, as a human, is distinct and indicates her villainous nature based on the type and manner of clothing she wears.
Mrs Tweedie's appearance exudes a sense of malevolence and uniformity with her stiff and upright dress. The color of her clothing mirrors that of the furniture, both being lackluster and dark. Her hair is tightly pulled back in a bun, while she wears imposing black boots associated with Nazi Leaders, further emphasizing her negative persona. The sleeves of her dress are rolled up, as if she is ready to engage in some sinister activity.
Aardman Animations has utilized a range of visual techniques to effectively depict the contrasting traits of the primary characters including their positive and negative qualities. The creators have skillfully employed diverse elements such as camera angles and lighting to achieve this effect. In my view, their rendering of these small plasticine figures represents a remarkable achievement in visual storytelling. This production has been a tremendous success for its producers.
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