Chemistry 105 pt 2 – Flashcards
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| Which of the following is a soap formula? |
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| CH3(CH2)14COONa |
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| Reaction of tripalmitin, a fat with three palmitic acid residues, with NaOH gives glycerol plus three |
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| CH3(CH2)14COONa |
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| The formula for sodium stearate is |
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| CH3(CH2)16COONa |
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| The hydrocarbon portion of a surfactant molecule is |
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| hydrophobic |
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| When used in cleaning, soap removes oily dirt by forming |
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| micelles |
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| In the cleansing action of soap, the hydrocarbon tail |
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| intermingles with the oily dirt, and the ionic head interacts with the water |
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| Which of the following molecules will act as a surfactant? |
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| CH3(CH2)10CH2N(CH3)3+Cl– |
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| Which of these molecules is a monosaccharide? |
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| glucose |
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| Which of these is an unsaturated fat? |
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| olive oil |
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| Which of the following is not produced during the metabolism of glucose in the body's cells? |
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| oxygen |
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| Which does not provide a complete protein? |
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| corn |
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| Low-protein flour is best for making biscuits. |
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| True |
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| As a human ages, the number of taste buds (papillae) on the tongue decreases. |
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| True |
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| Fats and oils are examples of |
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| esters |
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| The body stores excess ingested glucose as |
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| fat |
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| In the process of making candy, especially fudge, it's important to let the mixture cool without stirring, in order for large crystals to form. |
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| False |
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| The primary structure of a protein is determined by |
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| the order of the amino acids in the protein |
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| Nylon is a combination of two different types of molecules, a(n) |
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| amine and acid |
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| The building block of polymers are called |
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| monomers |
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| Nylon is a polyamide. |
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| True |
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| All plastics have the same melting point. |
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| False |
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| What is polyvinyl chloride used for? |
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| plumbing pipes |
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| The type of polymers that are created from monomers, like C=C, breaking open their double bonds and joining hands with their neighbors are called |
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| addition polymers |
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| When styrene polymerizes, it produces |
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| polystyrene |
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| The #1 recycling polymer is different from the other five types of recyclable plastics in that it is |
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| a condensation polymer |
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| CF2 in a long chain produces |
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| teflon |
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| The element that has been added to toothpaste to help replace the OH ions in the hydroxyapatite structure of tooth enamel (so that the enamel resists decay) is |
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| fluorine |
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| The main ingredient in oven cleaner is an acid. |
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| False |
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| Which element strengthens tooth enamel? |
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| fluorine |
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| Hair is composed of |
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| protein |
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| The essential ingredients in toothpastes are |
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| abrasives and detergents. |
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| The non-polar end of the soap molecule has the hydrocarbon chain. |
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| True |
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| Aluminum chlorohydrate is used in |
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| antiperspirants. |
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| Which chemical is used to bleach hair? |
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| hydrogen peroxide |
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| A cosmetic that is a suspension of water in oil is called |
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| a cream |
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| Soap is |
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| the salt of a fatty acid. |
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| The best way to replace water lost by the body is to drink |
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| plain water |
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| During the last stages of a marathon (26 miles) the body's principal source of energy is |
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| fat. |
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| The body mass index (BMI) is determined by which of the following physical quantities? |
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| weight and height |
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| Which activity would be aided by a large proportion of slow-twitch muscles? |
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| swimming 2.5 km |
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| According to the new food guide pyramid, which group of foods should be eaten most sparingly? |
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| oils |
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| The best thing to drink to replenish lost body fluids after exercise is |
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| water. |
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| The albatross (a sea bird) can fly for days on end. Its breast muscle would have a high proportion of |
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| slow-twitch muscle. |
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| It is recommended that our diets contain no more than ___ calories from fats. |
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| 35% |
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| If insufficient oxygen is available to muscles during energy conversion, the by-products of energy production are water and |
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| lactic acid. |
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| Respiratory capacity of muscle is increased by |
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| endurance exercise. |
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| The general recommendation for vitamin consumption by most members of the scientific community is |
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| to eat a well-balanced diet |
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| The human body does not synthesize Vitamin C |
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| True |
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| You bicycle 30 miles. Although you are tired, you really feel great. This is because your brain has synthesized some |
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| endorphins |
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| Which of the following is not a goal of drugs that are used for cardiovascular disease? |
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| preventing bacterial infections |
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| The use of aspirin may lead to |
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| stomach problems |
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| A vegetarian who is not on vitamin supplements is likely to show a deficiency in which vitamin? |
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| B-12 |
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| The difference among different brands of aspirin is |
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| cost |
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| A substance that causes an allergic reaction triggers the release of a class of substances know as |
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| histamines |
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| All steroids have what kind of general structure? |
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| four rings. |
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| The best thing to drink to replenish lost body fluids after exercise is |
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| water |
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| A substance with a high number for LD-50 is more toxic than a substance with a low number for LD-50. |
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| False |
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| What is the effect of lead poisoning on children? |
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| neurological damage |
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| Where was an infamous mass cyanide poisoning? |
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| Jonestown, Guyana |
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| Thalidomide is a well known teratogen. |
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| True |
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| The "gas" that was used in WW I contained phosgene. Into what corrosive chemical was this gas changed when it met with the moisture in the lungs? |
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| hydrochloric acid |
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| The known cause of approximately 35% of all cancers is |
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| tobacco smoking |
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| If a chemical produces cancer in rats, it will definitely cause cancer in humans. |
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| False |
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| What metal contributed to the condition of the "Mad Hatter?" |
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| mercury |
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| Ethanol is more toxic than methanol. |
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| False |
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| A source of carbon monoxide poisonings would be |
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| cigarette smoking |
