Chapters 19 practice quiz – Flashcards
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This procedure may be used if a tumor is attached to a vital organ and cannot be completely removed:
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Debulking
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The combining form cyst/o means
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Sac of fluid
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The combining form follicul/o means:
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Small glandular sacs
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Evaluating the degree of maturity of tumor cells or indication of malignant transformation is called _______ of tumors.
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grading
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A ________oma is a solid tumor derived from epithelial tissue.
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carcin
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________plasia means reversion to a more primitive cell type.
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Ana
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Retino________, a tumor of the retina of the eye, is an example of a known inherited cancer caused by transmission of defective DNA, which is the abbreviation for ________.
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blastoma, deoxyribonucleic acid
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Pamela's vaginal carcinoma was caused by DES, which is the abbreviation for _____________, a hormone or chemical ________ taken by her mother when she was pregnant with Pamela.
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diethylstilbestrol, carcinogen
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Characteristically, a tumor that multiplies rapidly, is undifferentiated and invasive, and can metastasize is a ________ tumor.
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malignant
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Mr. Rucic was diagnosed with gastric ________, a cancerous tumor arising from glandular cells lining the stomach.
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adenocarcinoma
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Mr. Gerald was diagnosed with small cell lung cancer. His oncologist recommended combination chemotherapy as the modality, or method, of treatment, which would be given according to a written plan, or a:
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Protocol
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________, or the freezing and destruction of malignant tissue, was used to treat Mr. Seiger's prostate cancer.
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Cryosurgery
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Ms. Golightly was diagnosed with breast cancer. The tumor was removed along with a large area of surrounding tissue and lymph nodes. This type of surgical procedure is called ________ resection.
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en bloc
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The removal of a tumor and a margin of normal tissue for diagnosis and possible small tumor cure is called a(n) ________ biopsy.
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excisional
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The aspiration of a small amount of bone marrow tissue for microscopic evidence of cancerous cells is called a(n) ________ biopsy.
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bone marrow
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A ________ scan consists of pictures taken of organs after injection of radioactive substances.
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radionuclide
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A ________ biopsy is the aspiration of a core of tissue for microscopic examination.
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needle
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______________, which is abbreviated ___, is a serum protein produced by prostate cancer cells
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Prostate-specific antigen, PSA
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Malignant transformation of genetic material results from damage to:
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DNA
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Pieces of DNA that can cause normal cells to become malignant if activated by mutations are called:
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Oncogenes
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Cancerous tumors are divided into broad groups on the basis of the particular type of tissue from which the tumor cells arise. This is called:
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Histogenesis
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Staging of tumors is a system of evaluating the:
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Extent of spread of tumors
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Tony, age 28, reentered the hospital for high-dose chemotherapy and a bone marrow transplant for his leukemia. Bone marrow had been harvested from Tony after his first hospitalization in which he achieved complete remission. This type of bone marrow transplant is called:
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Autologous
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Connective tissue tumors usually require large doses of radiation to destroy the tumor cells; this type of tumor is called:
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Radioresistant
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Drugs, such as cisplatin and 5-FU (5-fluorouracil) that sensitize tumors and normal tissue to radiation to improve the outcome of treatment are called:
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Radiosensitizers
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Mr. Skarda was started on interferon to stimulate his immune system. Interferon, which is produced by normal cells, uses the body's own defense mechanism to fight tumor cells. Therefore, it is called:
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A biologic response modifier
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Mrs. Lei had a repeat Pap smear. A Pap smear is an example of a clinical procedure called:
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Exfoliative cytology
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The results of Mrs. Lei's Pap smear showed dysplastic cells, meaning the cells were:
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Abnormal but not clearly cancerous
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What is the test for the presence of a hormone receptor on breast cancer cells?
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Estrogen receptor assay
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This means densely packed; overgrown with fibrous tissue.
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Scirrhous
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Forming small finger-like or nipple-like projections of cells is called
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Papillary
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The term that means spreading evenly through the affected tissues is:
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Diffuse
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The term that means composed of a variety of cell types is:
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Pleomorphic
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Small, repeated doses of radiation are termed:
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Fractionation
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Implantation of radioactive seeds directly into the tumor is called:
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Brachytherapy
