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going to school

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The very experience of ____ seems to promote mastery of Piagetian tasks

question

be less responsive than normal-weight children to internal hunger cues

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Obese children tend to

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are most often used to identify students who are highly intelligent or have learning problems

answer

The Stanford-Binet and the Wechssler intelligence tests

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constructivist classrooms are associated with gains in critical thinking and greater social and moral maturity

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Research on educational philosophies indicates that

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from the beginning, children should be exposed to text in its complete form so that they can appreciate the communicative written language

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Educators who advocate a whole-language approach argue that

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out of school practical forms of intelligence are vital for life success

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Sternberg's triarchic theory helps explain why

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when children of low IQ mothers are adopted by parents who are above average in income and education they score above average in IQ

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Adoption studies reveal that

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analytical, creative and practical intelligences

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In Sternberg's triarchic theory, intelligent behavior involves balancing

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seriate; transitive inference

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A concrete operational child can ___ mentally and ability called ____

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is usually a lifelong disorder

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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

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b. adds about 2 to 3 inches in height and 5 pounds in weight each year.

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During the school years, physical growth

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c. It accounts only for a tendency to gain weight.

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What role does heredity play in child obesity?

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c. are more responsive to external stimuli associated with food and less responsive to internal hunger cues than their normal-weight peers.

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Obese children

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asthma

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By far the most common chronic disease or condition in North American children is

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c. Justin is able to throw and kick a ball farther than Jillian but is unable to write and draw as well as Jillian.

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Jillian and Justin are in the third grade. Which of the following statements best illustrates their motor skills?

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a. rough-and-tumble play declines.

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As children reach puberty, individual differences in strength become apparent, and

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classification

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In first grade, Caleb began collecting baseball cards. Now that he's older, Caleb spends a great deal of time sorting his cards, arranging them by team, and putting them into albums. Which of Piaget's concepts is Caleb demonstrating?

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seriation

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The ability to order items along a quantitative dimension, such as length or weight, is called

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c. rehearsal memory strategy.

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As 9-year-old Nancy repeats the state capitals to herself over and over again before a test, she is using the

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c. pointing out the special demands of tasks and suggesting effective strategies.

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Parents and teachers can foster self-regulation by

question

c. boosts reading achievement scores, especially for children from low-SES backgrounds who are at-risk for reading difficulties.

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In first grade, teaching that includes phonics

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a. Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children.

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The test that measures general intelligence and four broad factors (verbal reasoning, perceptual reasoning, working memory, and processing speed) and that is widely used for 6- through 16-year-olds is the

question

d. eight independent intelligences that are based on distinct sets of processing operations.

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Gardner defines intelligence in terms of

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d. IQ test performance can be greatly improved by an advantaged home life.

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Adoption studies reveal that

question

d. introduces purposeful teaching to find out what the child can attain with social support.

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Dynamic assessment

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c. fourfold.

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During the elementary school years, vocabulary increases

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b. 15 percent

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What percentage of American children speak a language other than English at home?

question

a. sensitive period.

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The time in which children can most readily learn to speak one, two, or more languages is known as a

question

c. a traditional classroom.

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Students would be most likely to passively listen, respond only when called upon, and complete teacher-assigned tasks in

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b. display outstanding performance in a specific field.

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Researchers newly distinguish children who are gifted from children with talent. Those in the latter category

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malnutrition

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Retarded physical growth, low intelligence scores, poor motor coordination, and inattention are associated with

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a. 80 percent.

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The percentage of obese children who later become overweight adults is roughly

question

agility

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Dodging opponents in tag and soccer best exemplifies which of the following gross motor skills?

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b. improved motor performance.

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During middle childhood, body growth and more efficient information processing contribute to

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d. rule-oriented games.

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Gains in perspective taking permit the transition to

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d. outperform girls in all gross motor skills except skipping, jumping, and hopping.

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School-age boys

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c. 7 to 11 years.

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Piaget's concrete operational stage extends from about

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b. seriate mentally.

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Nine-year-old Billy understands transitive inference. This means he can

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d. central conceptual structures.

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In middle childhood, school-age children acquire networks of concepts and relations that permit them to think more effectively about a wide range of situations. Neo-Piagetian theorists call these networks

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a. prevent their minds from straying to irrelevant thoughts.

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Gains in cognitive inhibition help school-age children

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b. imagine a tree with toasters growing out of it.

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Quentin needs to remember the words "tree" and "toaster." If he uses the memory strategy of elaboration, he will

question

c. exposed to stories, poems, and letters in their complete form, so they can appreciate the communicative function of written language.

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In academic learning, some researchers believe that children should be taught to read using the whole-language approach. In this method, children should be

question

a. analytical intelligence, creative intelligence, and practical intelligence.

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The three broad, interacting intelligences identified by Sternberg's triarchic theory of successful intelligence are

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b. general intelligence.

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In his theory of multiple intelligences, Gardner dismisses the idea of

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c. stereotype threat.

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Eleven-year-old Sarah's performance on her state's standardized test is adversely affected by her worries that she, as an African-American student, is not expected to do well on the test. The anxiety she feels is known as

question

pragmatics

answer

When asked which shirt he wanted to wear, 9-year-old Vaughn said, "the blue shirt with the baseball on the sleeve." Vaughn's description illustrates which of the following language developments in middle childhood?

question

d. Bilingual children are advanced in cognitive development.

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Which of the following statements is true of bilingual development?

question

a. only the second language being learned is used in the classroom.

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In language immersion programs,

question

b. a learning disability.

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Louisa has an above average IQ but is failing math. Louisa may have

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d. at the international average.

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In international studies of reading, mathematics, and science achievement, children in the United States generally perform

question

Children's legs grow faster than their arms and torsos.

answer

Which of the following statements best characterizes body growth in middle childhood?

question

malnutrition

answer

Retarded physical growth, low intelligence scores, poor motor coordination, inattention, and distractibility are associated with:

question

are at-risk for academic, emotional, and social difficulties.

answer

Chronically ill children:

question

improved motor performance.

answer

During middle childhood, body growth and more efficient information processing contribute to:

question

outperform girls in gross motor skills and in throwing and kicking.

answer

With the exception of skipping, jumping, and hopping, school-age boys:

question

rule-oriented games.

answer

Gains in perspective-taking permit the transition to:

question

horizontal décalage.

answer

Nine-year-old Albert easily solves Piaget's transitive inference problem with sticks. However, Albert has difficulty solving the following problem: "Jim is taller than Frank, and Frank is taller than Joe. Who is the tallest?" Piaget would attribute Albert's failure on the latter task to:

question

reflects gains in information-processing capacity.

answer

According to some neo-Piagetian theorists, the development of operational thinking:

question

prevent their minds from straying to irrelevant thoughts.

answer

Gains in cognitive inhibition help school-age children:

question

imagine a tree with toasters growing out of it.

answer

Quentin needs to remember the words tree and toaster. If he uses the memory strategy of elaboration, he will:

question

the basic rules for translating written symbols into sounds.

answer

The basic skills approach to reading stresses:

question

contextual

answer

In Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, which subtheory states that intelligent individuals skillfully adapt their thinking to fit with their personal desires and the demands of their everyday worlds?

question

is reduced by a third.

answer

When black and white children are matched on family income, the black-white IQ gap:

question

Amount of time spent in school

answer

________ is / are a strong predictor of IQ.

question

pragmatics

answer

When asked which shirt he wanted to wear, 9-year-old Vaughn said, "the blue shirt with the baseball on the sleeve." Vaughn's description illustrates which of the following language developments in middle childhood?

question

Bilingual children are advanced in cognitive development.

answer

Which of the following statements is true of bilingual development?

question

Katrina will exhibit a drop in self-esteem.

answer

Katrina has just been placed in a "low-ability" reading group. Which is a probable outcome of this placement?

question

Self-esteem and attitudes toward school are more positive.

answer

Which of the following statements about multigrade classrooms is true?

question

a learning disability.

answer

Louisa has an above average IQ but is failing math. Louisa may have:

question

Gifted and creative children often show uneven ability across academic subjects.

answer

Which of the following statements about gifted and creative children is accurate?

question

inhibition

answer

Individuals skilled at ___________ can prevent their minds from straying to irrelevant thoughts.

question

develop language awareness

answer

School-age children's attitude toward language undergoes a fundamental shift when they

question

Correct many gifted children and adolescents are socially isolated.

answer

Research on giftedness indicates that

question

organization

answer

When Mike had to learn the state capitals, he grouped the states by region to assist his memory. Which memory strategy did Mike use?

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