Chapter 9 Practice Test – Flashcards
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The person credited with first recognizing that living cells cannon arise spontaneously, but rather arise form previously existing cells is _____.
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Rudolf Virchow
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The function of the mitotic cell cycle is to produce daughter cells that _____.
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are genetically identical to the parent cell (assuming not mutation has occurred)
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The complex of DNA and protein that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome is properly called _____.
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chromatin
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How many maternal chromosomes are present in a human somatic cells not engaged in cell division?
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23; half the total number of chromosomes
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A cell entering the cell cycle with 32 chromosomes will produce daughter cells with ____ chromosomes.
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32
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Cytokinesis refers to _____.
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division of the cytoplasm
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Chromatids are ______.
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identical copies of each other is they are part of the same chromosome
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If a cell contains 60 chromatids at the start of mitosis, how many chromosomes will be found in each daughter cell at the completion of the cell cycle?
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30 chromosomes
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A biochemist measured the amount of DNA in cells growing the lab and found that the quantity of DNA in the cells doubled ______.
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between the G1 and G2 phases
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A cell biologist carefully measured the quantity of DNA in grasshopper cells growing in cell culture. Cells examined during G2 phase contained 200 units of DNA. What would be the amount of DNA at G1 phase of the cell cycle in one of the grasshopper daughter cells?
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100 units
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During interphase, the genetic material of a typical eukaryotic cell is _____.
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dispersed in the nucleus as long strands of chromatin
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DNA replication occurs in _____.
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the S phase of interphase in both somatic and reproductive cells
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If a somatic human cell is just about to divide it has _____ chromatids.
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92; double the number of chromosomes (46)
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Down Syndrome is characterized by cells having three copies of chromosome 21. As a cell in an individual with Down Syndromes prepares to enter mitosis, how many chromatids would be present?
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94; double the number of chromosomes (47)
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Which of the following does not occur during mitosis?
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replication of the DNA
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During what phase in the cell cycle would you find the most DNA per cell?
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G2
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In telophase, the mitotic spindle breaks down and the chromatin uncoils. This is essentially the opposite of what happens in _______.
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prophase
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Which of the following phases of mitosis is essentially the opposite of prometaphase in terms of nuclear envelope?
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telophase
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You are dealing with a species that has 14 chromosomes. How many sister chromatids are present in the early stages of telophase in mitosis?
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0; the sister chromatids are already separated into chromosomes in telophase
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In a human skin cell going through the cell cycle, when do the centrosomes separate?
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prophase; as they move to opposite sides of the cell as the spindle grows
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Following cytokinesis in an animal cell, how many centrioles does each new daughter cell posses?
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two
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One event occurring during prophase is _____.
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the beginning of the formation of the spindle apparatus
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Which of the following represents a mismatch/incorrect description?
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metaphase: the nuclear envelope disappears
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In animal cell mitosis, the cleavage furrow forms during which stage of the cell cycle?
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cytokinesis
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At which stage of mitosis are chromosomes lined up on one plane in preparation for their separation?
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metaphase
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You would know a diving cell was a plant cell rather than an animal cell if you saw that _____.
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if had formed a cell plate
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Which of the following processes does not occur in dividing bacteria?
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mitosis
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During binary fission in a bacterium ______.
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the origins of replication move apart
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Which of the following is involved in the binary fission of bacteria?
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distribution of a copy of the single parental chromosome to each daughter cell
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When a cell in S phase is fused with a cell in G1 _____.
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DNA synthesis begins immediately in the original G1 nucleus
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Tissue culture experiments with PDGF demonstrate that without this substance ______.
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fibroblasts fail to divide
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You would be unlikely to see which of the following human cells dividing?
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a nerve cell
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Observation of cancer cells in culture support the hypothesis that cancer cells _____.
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do no exhibit density-dependent inhibition
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What is the difference between a benign tumor and the malignant tumor?
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cell of benign tumors do not metastasize; those of malignant tumors do
