Chapter 7: Social Psychology – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
social psychology
answer
the scientific study of how a person's thoughts, feelings, and behavior are influenced by the real, imagined, or implied presence of others
question
social influence
answer
the process through which the real or implied presence of others can directly or indirectly influence the thoughts, feelings, and behavior of an individual
question
conformity
answer
changing one's own behavior to match that of other people
question
consumer psychology
answer
branch of psychology the studies the habits of consumers in the market place
question
compliance
answer
changing one's behavior as a result of other people directing or asking for change
question
norm of reciprocity
answer
assumption that if someone does something for a person, that person should do something for the other in return
question
social facilitation
answer
the tendency for the presence of other people to have a positive impact on the performance of an easy task
question
social impairment
answer
the tendency for the presence of other people to have a negative impact on the performance of a difficult task
question
social loafing
answer
the tendency for people to put less effort into a simple task when working with others on that task
question
cognitive dissonance
answer
sense of discomfort or stress that occurs when a person's behavior does not correspond to that person's attitude
question
elaboration likelihood model
answer
model of persuasion stating that people will either elaborate on the persuasive message or fail to elaborate on it and that the future actions of those who do elaborate are more predictable than those who do not
question
central-route processing
answer
type of information processing that involves attending to the content of the message itself
question
peripheral root processing
answer
type of information that involves attending to factors not involved in the message, such as the appearance of the source of the message, the length of the message, and other non content factors
question
attribution theory
answer
the theory of how people make attributions
question
situational cause
answer
cause of behavior attributed to external factors, such as delays, the actions of others, or some other aspect of the situation
question
dispositional cause
answer
cause of behavior attributed to internal factors such as personality or character
question
fundamental attributional error
answer
the tendency to overestimate the influence of internal factors in determining the behavior of others while underestimating situational factors
question
prejudice
answer
negative attitude held by a person about the members of a particular social group
question
discrimination
answer
treating people differently because of prejudice toward the social group to which they belong
question
in-groups
answer
social groups with whom a person identifies;"us"
question
out-groups
answer
social groups with whom a person does not identify with;"them"
question
realistic conflict theory
answer
theory stating that prejudice and discrimination will be increased between groups that are in conflict over a limited resource
question
social cognitive theory
answer
referring to the use of cognitive processes in relation to understanding the social world
question
social identity theory
answer
the theory in which the formation of a person's identity within a particular social group is explained by a social categorization, social identification, and social comparison
question
social identity
answer
the part of the self-concept including one's view of self as a member of a particular social category
question
social comparison
answer
the comparison of oneself to others in ways that raise one's self esteem
question
stereotype vulnerability
answer
the effect that people's awareness of the stereotype associated with their social group has on their behavior
question
self-fulfilling prophecy
answer
the tendency of one's expectations to affect one's behavior in such a way as to make the expectations more likely to occur
question
equal status contact
answer
contact between groups in which the groups have equal status, with neither group having power over the other
question
interpersonal attraction
answer
liking or having the desire for a relationship with another person
question
proximity
answer
physical or geographical nearness
question
social role
answer
the pattern of behavior that is expected of a person who is in a particular social position
question
prosocial behavior
answer
socially desirable behavior that benefits others
question
altruism
answer
prosocial behavior that is done with no expectation of reward and may involve the risk of harm to oneself
question
bystander affect
answer
referring to the effect the presence of other people has on the decision to help or not help, with help becoming less likely as the number of bystanders increases
question
diffusion of responsibility
answer
occurring when a person fails to take responsibility for actions or for inaction because of the presence of other people who are seen to share the responsibility
