Chapter 7 Crisis and Absolutism in Europe 1550-1715 – Flashcards
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french protestants influenced by John Calvin
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Huguenots
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recognized Catholicism as the official religion of France
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Edict of Nantes
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officially ended the Thirty Years' War
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Peace of Westphalia
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his execution horrified much of Europe
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Charles I
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the invasion of England by William of Orange
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Glorious Revolution
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granted Puritans, but not Catholics, the right of free public worship
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the Toleration Act of 1689
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Louis XIII's chief minister
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Cardinal Richelieu
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sought to increase France's wealth and power by following the ideas of mercantilism
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Jean-Baptiste Colbert
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His work reflected the high point of Mannerism
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El Greco
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introduced Western customs and ways of doing things to Russia
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Peter the Great
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by the end of King Philip II's reign, Spain had
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become the most populous empire in the world
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Philip II of Spain was known as the
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Most Catholic King
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James I of England believed in the divine right of kings, which is
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the idea that kings receive their power from God and are responsible only to God
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Protestants in England who were inspired by Calvinist ideas
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puritans
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Oliver Cromwell's defeat of the king's forces allowed him to
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restore the French monarchy to the throne
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the foundation for a constitutional monarchy in England was laid by the
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Bill of Rights
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absolutism is
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a system of government in which a ruler holds total power
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Louis XIV maintained a complete authority as monarch by
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distracting the nobles and royal princes with court life, to keep them out of politics
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the style of painting known as ____________ reflected a search for power
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baroque
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the work of William Shakespeare is perhaps the best example of literature
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Elizabethan
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anti-Huguenot party
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ultra Catholics
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soldiers in the New Model Army of Oliver Cromwell
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independents
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fostered the myth of himself as the Sun King
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Louis XIV
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wrote the novel Don Quixote
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Miguel de Cervantes
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seven percent of the total French population were
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huguenots
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the Edict of Nantes recognized Catholicism as the official religion of France, and
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gave the Huguenots the right to worship and to enjoy all political privileges
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the Thirty Years' War involved all the major European powers except which nation?
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England
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the Rump Parliament was
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what was left after Cromwell purged the members who did not support him
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what was the Glorious Revolution
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the invasion of England by William of Orange, which overthrew James II with almost no bloodshed
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Cardinal Richelieu strengthened the power of the monarchy by
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taking away the Huguenots' political and military rights and executing conspirators
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Saint Peter's Basilica in Rome is an example of the work of
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Gian Lorenzo Bernini
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the ideas of _________ can be found in the American Declaration of Independence and the United States Constitution
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John Locke
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explain how Elizabeth Tudor was considered moderate in her foreign policy. why did she rule in this manner?
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to keep Spain and France from becoming too powerful, she balanced power by supporting the weaker nation, she didn't want war, but she ended up warring with Spain
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Oliver Cromwell's defeat of the king's forces allowed him to
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take control of England and eventually establish a military dictatorship
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describe the impact of the Peace of Westphalia on Germany and the Holy Roman Empire
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it ended the Thirty Years' War. it stated that all German States, including the Calvinist ones, should determine their own religion. the states that made up the Holy Roman Empire were recognized as independent states
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explain the importance of the English Parliament's Bill of Rights
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it stated that standing armies could be raised only with Parliament's consent, making it impossible for kings to oppose or do without Parliament's consent. the rights of citizens to keep arms were also confirmed. The Bill of Rights helped create a system of government based on the rule of law and freely elected Parliament. it laid the foundation for a constitutional monarchy
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John Locke believed that humans' natural rights included all but
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democracy
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the art produced during the ____________ movement reflected the tension of religious upheaval and the spirituality of religious revival
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baroque
