Chapter 6 Psychology Persuasive Essay

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Receptor cells for our sense of ___ reproduce themselves every week or two
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taste
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Which theory suggests that large-fiber activity in the spinal cord can prevent pain signals from reaching the brain
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gate-control theory
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Evidence that some cones are especially sensitive to red light, others to green light, and still other to blue light is most directly supportive of
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the Young-Helmholtz theory
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According to the opponent-processing theory, cells that are turned on by
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green light are turned off by red light
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For some people, hearing certain sounds may activate color-sensitive regions of the cortex so as to trigger a sensation of color. This phenomenon is called
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synaesthesia
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The fova refers to
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the central focal point in the retina
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Although college textbooks frequently cast a trapezoidal image on the retina, students typically perceive the books as rectangular objects. This illustrates the importance of
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shape consistancy
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After listening to your high-volume car stereo for 15 minuets, you fail to realize how loudly the music was blasting. This best illustrates
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sensory adaptation
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A gestalt is best described as
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organized whole
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Rods are
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more light-sensitive and less color-sensitive than are cones
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As a rock musician who has experienced prolonged expose to high-amplitude sounds, Davy is beginning to lose his hearing. It is most likely that this hearing loss involves problems in the
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cochlea
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Damage to the hammer, anvil, and the stirrup is most likely to cause
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conduction hearing loss
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Noah claims that his special psychic powers enable him to perceive exactly where the body of a recent murder victim is secretly buried. Noah is claiming to possess the power of
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clairvoyance
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Which theory emphasizes that personal expectations and motivations influence the level of absolute thresholds
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signal detection theory
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the amount of light entering the eye is regulated by the
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iris
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The process by which our sensory systems transform stimulus energies into neural impulses is called
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transduction
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Place theory suggests that
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the pitch we hear is related to the place where the cochlea's basilar membrane is stimulated
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The loudness of sounds is determined by the ___ of sound waves
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amplitude
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After hearing rumors about the outbreak of Ebola, Ian began to perceive his normal aches and pains as Ebola-related symptoms. His reaction best illustrates the impact of
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perceptual set
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During a hearing test, many sounds were presented at such a low level of intensity that he could hardly detect them. These sounds were below his
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absolute threshold
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The bones of the middle ear relay vibrations received from the
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eardrum
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which of the following is the correct order in which the retina's neural layers process visual stimulation
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rods and cones, bipolar cells, ganglion cells
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sensation is to ___ as perception is to ___
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detection; interpretation
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On the way to the visual cortex, neural impulses from the retina are first relayed to the
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thalamus
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Men's hearing tends to be ___ acute than women's, and women are ____ pain sensitive than men
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less;more
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Cones and rods are to vision as ___ are to audition
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hair cells
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Color constancy refers to the fact that
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objects are perceived to be the same color even if the light they reflect changes
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To those throwing a very heavy rather than a light object at a target, the target is likely to be perceived as
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farther away
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Humans experience the longest visible electromagnetic waves as the color ___ and the shortest visible waves as ___
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red; blue-violet
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Our sense of the position and movement of individual body parts is called
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kinesthesis
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A subliminal message is one that is presented
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below one's absolute threshold for conscious awarness
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as the farmer looked across her field, the parallel rows of young corn plants appeared to converge in the distance. This provided her with a distance cue known as
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linear perspective
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Which of the following would play a role in quickly alerting you to a gas leak in your home
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olfactory receptors
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A time lag between left and right auditory stimulation is important for accurately
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locating sounds
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Simultaneously analyzing distinct subunits of information received by different areas of the brain is known as
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parallel procesing
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The ability to adjust to an artificially displaced or even inverted visual field is called
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perceptual adaption
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Information processing guided by higher-level mental processes are called
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top-down processing
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Our sense of taste was once thought to involve only the following four sensations
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bitter, sweet, sour, and salty
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Infants who were exposed to the visual cliff
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refused to cross over onto the glass over the cliff to their mothers
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The sense of touch includes the four basic sensations of
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pressure, pain, warmth, and cold
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figure is to ground as ____ is to ___
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a white cloud; blue sky
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Mattie's bag of marbles is twice as heavy as Mark's. If it takes 5 extra marbles to make Mark's bag feel heavier, it will take 10 marbles to make Mattie's bag feel heavier. This best illustrates
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Weber's law
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The volley principle is most directly relevant to our perception of
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pitch
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If two objects are assumed to be the same size, the object that casts the smaller retinal image is perceived to be
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more distant
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Retinal disparity refers to the
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somewhat different images our two eyes recieve of the same object
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Megan, Earmon, and Patty were all sitting behind the same bowling lane, so Peter perceived that they were all members of the same bowling team. This best illustrates the organizational principle of
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proximity
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The absolute threshold for hearing is arbitrarily defined as zero
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decibels
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objects are brought into focus on the retina by changes in the curve and thickness of the
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lens
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Three steps that are basic to all sensory systems include the ___ of information to the brain
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receiving, transforming, and delivering
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The pupil is the
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adjustable opening in the center of the eye through which light enters
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