Chapter 6 (Part 1) | Mid-Term 1301 – Flashcards

As a result of the American Revolution, Americans rejected: a. obedience to the male heads of household. b. the principle of hereditary aristocracy. c. the establishment of a republic. d. the definition of liberty as a universal entitlement. e. all kinds of organized religion.

How did the Revolutionary War change the meaning of freedom? a. It meant that all men now had a legal claim to an equal distribution of property. b. It challenged the inequality that had been fundamental to the colonial social order. c. It ended colonial society's legally established hereditary aristocracy. d. It ended coverture, under which husbands exercised full legal authority over their wives. e. It meant that, for the first time, men were free to pursue whatever occupations they wished.

What served as a sort of "school of political democracy" for the members of the "lower orders" in the colonies-turned-states? a. the Protestant Church b. the lower house of the state legislatures c. the taverns d. the militia e. the first public schools

Which statement about Revolutionary Pennsylvania is FALSE? a. Nearly all of its prewar elites opposed independence. b. The radical leadership that emerged included Thomas Paine and Benjamin Rush. c. The radical leadership attacked property qualifications for voting. d. The state's new constitution gave only limited power to the state's governor. e. Its new constitution centralized political power in a one-house legislature.

How did Pennsylvania display the Revolutionary War's radical potential? a. Benjamin Franklin's departure for France left control of the state up for grabs, and the lower classes took over. b. The prewar elite had supported independence, then tried to negotiate with Great Britain, costing themselves the respect of the lower classes, who took power from them. c. Philadelphia's artisan and lower-class communities took control and put a new emphasis on freedom and on more democratic politics. d. The Second Continental Congress had to take over the state when the people voted to abolish the position of governor, thereby showing how the new nation's power dynamic would differ greatly from the old system. e. Just through the population retaining the old style of government, they demonstrated that major change was possible without uprooting the whole system.

In his Thoughts on Government (1776), John Adams advocated state constitutions that provided for: a. a powerful governor and a two-house legislature that reflected the division of society between wealthy and ordinary men. b. a legislature elected and controlled entirely by the wealthy, with a weak governor elected by the people so that they would feel that they had a role. c. voting rights for all men at least twenty-one years old. d. centralizing political power in a one-house legislature and dispensing with the office of governor. e. allowing women who owned a certain amount of property to vote, but preventing them from holding political office.

The new state constitutions created during the Revolutionary War: a. completely eliminated property qualifications for voting. b. became far more democratic in the southern states than in the northern states. c. greatly expanded the right to vote in almost every state. d. did nothing to change the composition of elite-dominated state legislatures. e. all retained tax-supported churches as a way of ensuring a virtuous citizenry.

The constitution of which state eliminated all property and tax qualifications for voting in 1777? a. Vermont b. New York c. Maryland d. Virginia e. Massachusetts

Which state's constitution granted suffrage to all "inhabitants" who met a property qualification, allowing property-owning women to vote until an 1807 amendment limited suffrage to males? a. New York b. Virginia c. New Jersey d. Massachusetts e. Pennsylvania

An example of anti-Catholicism during the 1770s was the: a. barring of Catholics from southern state militias. b. Second Continental Congress's refusal to accept aid from Catholic France. c. widespread arrests of Catholics as potential British spies by Pennsylvania authorities. d. famous attack on a Boston convent by Massachusetts minutemen. e. First Continental Congress's denunciation of the Quebec Act.

How did the War for Independence affect anti-Catholicism in America? a. Anti-Catholicism increased when Quebec Catholics volunteered in large numbers for the British army. b. Because Americans resented Catholic France negotiating a separate peace with Great Britain, anti-Catholicism became more prevalent. c. Independence led the states to impose anti-Catholic laws that they had been unable to adopt when they were under British control. d. The alliance with France, a predominantly Catholic country, helped diminish American anti-Catholicism. e. Spain's wartime aid to Britain led Georgian colonists to attack Catholic missions in Florida.

Benedict Arnold offered which justification for his treason? a. He believed George Washington treated his soldiers poorly. b. America's new alliance with France, a Catholic state, was too much for him to bear. c. He was a distant cousin of King George III through marriage. d. He believed that until the United States abolished slavery, its cause to liberty was hypocritical. e. He considered the cause of independence already lost.

Which of the following is true of how the new state constitutions in the Revolutionary era dealt with the issue of religious liberty? a. Several states finally allowed Jews to vote and to hold public office. b. States increased public funding of religion because they no longer had to win British approval to do so. c. Seven state constitutions began with a declaration of rights that included a commitment to "the free exercise of religion." d. Thomas Jefferson wrote a bill for establishing religious freedom in Virginia, but the House of Burgesses never adopted it. e. Deists and evangelicals fought with one another over whether church and state should be separate.

Thomas Jefferson's views on religion and Christian doctrines: a. were very similar to those expressed by Isaac Backus, a Baptist leader. b. show that he actively sought to stamp out religious worship. c. indicate he did not believe in a benevolent Creator. d. demonstrate his rejection of the divinity of Jesus. e. found widespread acceptance among evangelicals in the new nation.

For which three accomplishments did Thomas Jefferson wish to be remembered? a. presidency, the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution b. Louisiana Purchase, presidency, the Declaration of Independence c. the Constitution, the University of Virginia, presidency d. the Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom, the Declaration of Independence, Louisiana Purchase e. the Declaration of Independence, the University of Virginia, the Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom

As a result of the religious freedom created by the Revolution: a. organized religion became less important in American life over the next thirty years. b. upstart churches began challenging the well-established churches. c. the number of religious denominations in the United States declined. d. violent struggles between religious groups were not uncommon in the backcountry. e. tax-supported churches flourished in every state in the new nation.

Why did apprenticeship and indentured servitude decline after the Revolution? a. King George III had supported them, and anything associated with the king was unpopular in the United States. b. Many apprentices and indentures had refused to fight in the Revolution, and their bosses, resenting them for it, got rid of them. c. Thomas Paine's criticism of them in Common Sense greatly influenced the many who had read his pamphlet. d. Northerners were outlawing slavery in their state constitutions and began to eliminate apprenticeship and indentured servitude as well amid southern charges of hypocrisy. e. The lack of freedom inherent in apprenticeship and indentured servitude struck growing numbers of Americans as incompatible with republican citizenship.

According to Noah Webster, what was the very soul of a republic? a. equality b. diversity c. democracy d. freedom e. industry

Why did John Adams believe that land ownership was vital to society? a. He opposed slavery and felt that if small farmers owned land, they would have the power to outvote slaveowners. b. If more people owned land, it would be less likely that fixed and unequal social classes would emerge. c. Land ownership would make people more conservative, and that would counteract any democratic impulses. d. Government would have to encourage it, and Adams believed in an activist federal government. e. Adams had lost his land when he took the unpopular position of representing British soldiers who participated in the Boston Massacre, and he knew how important the issue was.

What role did rising prices play during the Revolution? a. They encouraged more men to enlist in the Continental army because military pay increased with inflation. b. Angry Americans voted out congressmen who had approved the paper money that caused the inflation. c. They prompted protests by Americans, especially women, who took goods from merchants whom they accused of hoarding. d. They led the Continental Congress to obtain huge loans from Catherine the Great of Russia. e. They prompted the writers of the Constitution to ban paper money—a provision that later was repealed.

In order to deal with a wartime economic crisis in 1779, Congress urged states to: a. allow the free market to operate without regulation. b. adopt measures to fix wages and prices. c. establish food banks to distribute food to the needy. d. raise taxes on the wealthy. e. seek loans from friendly European governments.

Which of the following contributed to the success of free trade advocates during the Revolutionary War? a. the publication of Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations b. Isaac Newton's explanation of the law of gravity as applied to economics c. the failure of wartime tariffs to solve the problem of the national debt d. riots over inflation in the streets of Boston e. memories of the despised Intolerable Acts

What did the "invisible hand" refer to? a. gradual emancipation laws b. Republican motherhood c. royal authority d. pro-British loyalties e. the free market