Chapter 5: Assessment Questions – Flashcards
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1) The number of individuals of a single species per unit area is known as _______.
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population density
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2) The movement of individuals into an area is called _______.
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immigration
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3) The range or area occupied by a population is its _______.
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geographic distribution
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4) The graph below represents _______.
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exponential growth
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5) The maximum number of organisms of a particular species that can be supported by an environment is called ______.
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carrying capacity
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6) If a population grows larger than the carrying capacity of its environment, the...?
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death rate may rise.
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7) Density-independent limiting factors include _______.
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hurricanes
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8) A limiting factor that depends on population size is called a _______.
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density-dependent limiting factor
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9) The scientific study of human populations is called _______.
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demography
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10) The demographic transition is complete when...?
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population growth stops.
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11) Distinguish between immigration and emigration.
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Immigration- the movement of individuals into an area occupied by an existing population. Emigration- when individuals move out of a population.
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12) Sketch the exponential growth curve of a hypothetical population.
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(The graphs should show the characteristic J-shape of exponential population growth as illustrated in Figure 5-3 on page 121)
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14) What is carrying capacity? Give an example.
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Carrying capacity- the largest number of individuals that a given environment can support. Ex: how many people there can be in a life boat.
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16) Describe the long-term effects of competition on populations of two different species competing for the same resources.
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When two species compete for the same resources, both species are under pressure to change in ways that decrease their competition. Over time, the species may evolve to occupy separate niches.
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17) Describe how a predator-prey relationship can be a mechanism of population control.
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If the prey-population increases, usually so will the predator population. As the population of the predators gets bigger, the prey population decreases. Since there is less prey to eat, the predator population declines. This cycle keeps repeating and is a source of population control.
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19) Explain how density-independent limiting factors can affect populations.
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The effects of density-independent factors are similar no matter the population. Some examples are effects of a long drought, a frost, or a flood.
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23) Explain how a limited resource can affect the survival of a species. Give a specific example.
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If that species depends on the resource as a part of its habitat, a limited resource can affect the survival of the species. Ex: destruction of a panda's habitat.
