Chapter 5 – American Studies

- those for the Constitution - feared weak/ineffective government - wanted to share power between federal and state government - wanted wealthy educated citizens in charge - wanted policies favorable to business/trade - wanted national bank/ protective tariffs - wanted ties with Great Britain - won the Ratification Debate - published the federalist to gain support - promised to add a bill of rights

- those opposed to the Constitution - feared too much power given to national government - feared loss of personal freedoms - wanted limited national government - wanted citizens to have control over government - wanted policies favorable to farmers/ artisans - wanted state bank/free trade - wanted ties with France - Lost the Ratification debate - promised a bill of rights - large states held out until after the Constitution was ratified by 9 states and went into effect

Delaware

New Hampshire

9/13 votes

- George Washington, James Madison, John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, Benjamin Franklin; merchants, skilled workers, people of small states

- Patrick Henry, Samuel Adams, Richard Henry Lee; Revolutionary Heroes

Freedom of religion, speech, press, and assembly

Protection against unreasonable search and seizure

- written to support ratification of the U.S. Constitution

- Proposed a Congress composed of a bicameral, or 2 house legislature, with membership based on each states population; voters would elect members of the lower house, who would then elect voters of the upper house - Proposed that representation in the congress be based on the sixe of the population of each state

- called for a congress consisting of a single house congress in which each state had an equal vote - proposed that representation be based on the size of the population of each state

population without slave count

population including slaves

There was a 3/5 compromise that resolves the conflict of whether or not to count slave population. They counted 3 slaves for every 5 slaves. The convention gave congress the power to regulate trade but prevented it from interfering with the slave trade for at least 20 years

- an uprising of debt ridden Massachusetts farmers protesting - Put the nations new reputation in danger and private property in danger - caused panic and dismay throughout the nation - every state had debt-ridden farmers - the states placed severe limits on the government to prevent abuse of powers - not successful - led by Daniel Shays Four rebels were killed - farmers demanded that courts should be closed so they would not lose their farms to creditors -made government realize they needed to fix the Articles of Confederation - May 1787 Springfield Massachusetts

- Political leader in Connecticut that suggested the Great Compromised

makes laws; made up of Senate and House of Reps

- Interprets laws; Supreme Court

- Carries out laws; President and Vice President

- System established by delegates to prevent one branch from dominating others

- the group of electors chosen by the states that would cast ballots for the candidates; goal is to chose the president and Vice President

- the number of electors for each party equals the combined number of that states U.S. senators and representatives

political parties in each state chose electors, people pledge to support a party's candidate

- every state had only one vote - no national court system to interpret the meaning of laws - no separate executive department to carry out and enforce the Acts of Congress - states lacked in unity - 2/3 majority vote needed to pass laws

Why: Problem with trade between states Where: Pennsylvania State House When: May 1787 Who: delegates from all the states except Rhode Island Number of Attendees: 55 delegates, mostly wealthy and white President of the Convention: George Washington