question

the process by which people internalize the values, beliefs, and norms required to become functioning members of a given society is known as:

answer

socialization

question

the story of the abused child named Anna teaches lessons about the importance of which of the following influences on human development?

answer

human interaction

question

ultimately we hold people responsible for their behavior precisely because they can exercise choice over what they do. this speaks to the limits of socialization that sociologists refer to as:

answer

agency

question

if we place nature and nurture at opposite ends on a continuum, most sociologists would fall toward the nurture end of the continuum. Which statement best explains this tendency?

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Sociologists focus on, and as a result give primary weight to, the social environment on explaining how people think, feel, and behave

question

children like Anna, who have experienced long periods of isolation, illustrate how:

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"human nature" is the result of a complex relationship between nature (biology) and nurture (the social environment)

question

Which theory uses game playing to understand the development of self?

answer

Mead's role-playing theory

question

which theorist argued that other people essentially provide us with "a social mirror," and that our interpretations of this mirror affect how we see ourselves?

answer

charles horton cooley

question

concepts such as I, me, and generalized other are part of which theorist's work?

answer

George Herbert Mead

question

which of the following is considered an advanced stage of development, according to George herbert Mead?

answer

the game stage

question

which of the following provides a good example of the generalized other?

answer

a child is taught to say "bless you" every time someone sneezes in her home. when she is at the grocery store one day, the child says "bless you" to a complete stranger who sneezes in the checkout line.

question

people and groups who influence our orientation to life, our self-concept, emotions, attitudes, and behaviors are:

answer

agents of socialization

question

according to research by Kohn and Schooler (1983) and Laureau (2002), parents of different social classes socialize their children differently. which of the following statements best describes these differences?

answer

middle-class parents are more likely to stress independence and self-direction; working-class parents are more likely to instill respect for authority

question

expected conformity, especially among teenage friends, is known as:

answer

peer pressure

question

the popular television show Sesame Street was created with the explicit purpose of providing educational opportunities for low-income children. being that this show was successful, we can argue that:

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the media serves as a powerful socializing agent

question

annette laureau, author of unequal childhoods, makes a compelling case for the existence of different parenting values and practices between working-class and middle-class families. which of the following statements best summarizes what she found?

answer

class differences, played out in the daily routines of parenting, have a powerful impact on children's life chances

question

a drastic type of adult socialization that may occur when adults change environments is known as:

answer

resocialization

question

which of the following would be the best example of a total institution?

answer

a convent

question

a recognizable social position that an individual occupies, such as "student" or "professor," is known as a:

answer

status

question

_______ refers to a social position while _____ designates socially expected behavior

answer

Status;role

question

Venus Williams is one of the top women's tennis players in the world. this status overrides all of her other statuses and is known as her:

answer

master status

question

a single mother who is experiencing incompatibility within her role, such as dealing with sleep, deprivation and spending quality time with her children, may be experiencing which of the following?

answer

role strain

question

sandra's boss asked her to work this weekend, but sandra feels obligated to attend a family reunion and she has to study for an exam. she is having trouble deciding which "activity" to let go. sandra is experiencing:

answer

role conflict

question

which of the following is the best example of an achieved status?

answer

a newly ordained minister in a pentecostal church

question

involuntary statuses that we born into are called:

answer

ascribed statuses

question

the expectation that barbie dolls are for girls and G.I. joe dolls are for boys are examples of:

answer

gender roles

question

most sociologists (and biologists) argue that race is a human invention, or is socially constructed. which of the following statements does NOT highlight how race is socially constructed?

answer

racial boundaries provide an obvious and natural means of dividing the world

question

the three basic tenets of symbolic interactionism theory include all of the following except:

answer

human beings inherit mutual understandings of symbols across cultures, times, and social changes

question

according to goffman, we all try to make good impressions on others and we actively work to ensure that others believe they are doing the same. he calls this:

answer

impression management

question

a good deal of impression management can be said to involve "teamwork." Which of the following is not an example of teamwork?

answer

pedestrians on a street who gather to watch someone jump from a building

question

according to impression management, the backstage arena would include:

answer

where we are our "private selves" and where the real story takes place

question

according to goffman, the esteem in which an individual is held by others is known as:

answer

face

question

your professor drank too much over the weekend and tripped and sprained his ankle. when asked about his injury in class the next day, the professor replied, "I sprained my ankle playing soccer with the kids." this is an example of what?

answer

saving face

question

front-stage mistakes, such as if your sociology professor accidentally trips as she walks into class one day, are known as:

answer

breaches

question

saying "hello" when answering the telephone signals the start of an encounter in the first bracket and is known to dramaturgists as:

answer

the opening

question

two young men are on the elevator together. after briefly acknowledging each other's presence, they "politely ignore" each other for the remainder of the ride. goffman would refer to this behavior as an example of:

answer

civic inattention

question

unconscious signals of our true feelings, such as nonverbal behaviors, are known by goffman as:

answer

given off-gestures

question

harold garfinkel developed an approach to study human interaction that focused on how people produce (and maintain) a mutually shared social order. this method was called:

answer

ethnomethodology

question

if your professor asked you to do a "breaching experiment," you might do which of the following?

answer

ask a stranger to tie your shoes

question

the harlem children's zone (HCZ) a comprehensive program inspired by Head Start, aims to help low-income children become successful adults. the HCZ program differs from the Head Start program in all of the following ways EXCEPT:

answer

the HCZ program is focused on short-term cognitive and educational goals

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