History Chapter 39 Answers – Flashcards

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Nixon's "Vietnamization" policy sought to bring an immediate negotiated end to the Vietnam War. ((T/F))
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false
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Nixon's 1970 invasion of Cambodia provoked strong domestic protests and political clashes between "hawks" and "doves."((T/F))
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true
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Nixon's and Kissinger's diplomacy attempted to play the Soviet Union and China off against each other for America's benefit.((T/F))
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true
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Nixon attempted to reverse what he saw as the Warren Supreme Court's excessive turn toward "judicial activism((T/F))
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true
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Nixon consistently opposed the expansion of social-security and pro-environmental legislation.((T/F))
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false
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The basic issue in the 1972 Nixon-McGovern campaign was inflation and the management of the economy.((T/F))
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false
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The 1973 Paris agreement on Vietnam provided for a cease-fire and American withdrawal but did not really end the civil war among the Vietnamese.((T/F))
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true
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The strongest charge against Nixon during Watergate was that he had used government agencies to burglarize and harass opponents and cover up the Watergate crimes.((T/F))
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true
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The disclosure of the secret bombing of Cambodia led Congress to acknowledge the president's sole authority to take military action in defense of America's national security.((T/F))
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false
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The 1973 Arab-Israeli War and OPEC oil embargo added to the inflation that began in the wake of the Vietnam War((T/F))
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true
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Republican leaders in Congress strenuously opposed Nixon's resignation and urged him to fight to stay in office even after the Watergate tapes were released.((T/F))
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false
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President Gerald Ford immediately set out to reverse the Nixon-Kissinger policy of détente toward the Soviet Union.((T/F))
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false
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The women's movement achieved success in the 1970s by allying itself with the rising antiwar and black power movements of the decade((T/F))
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true
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President Carter's declaration that America's problems were due to a "moral and spiritual crisis" led the public to support his proposals to decrease dependency on Middle Eastern oil.((T/F))
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false
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The Iranian revolution against the shah brought the United States into a confrontation with the new, militant Muslim leaders of the country.((T/F))
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true
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Nixon's policy of withdrawing American troops from Vietnam while providing aid for the South Vietnamese to fight the war
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vietnamization
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The Ohio university where four students were killed during protests against the 1970 invasion of Cambodia
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Kent State University
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Top-secret documents, published by The New York Times in 1971, that showed the blunders and deceptions that led the United States into the Vietnam War
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Pentagon Papers
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The first major achievement of the Nixon-Kissinger détente with the Soviet Union, which led to restrictions on defensive missile systems
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ABM ( Anti-Ballistic Missile) Treaty
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Nixon's plan to win reelection by curbing the Supreme Court's judicial activism and soft-pedaling civil rights
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Southern Strategy
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Term for the new group affirmative action policy promoted by the Nixon administration
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Philadelphia Plan
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A Washington office complex that became a symbol of the widespread corruption of the Nixon administration
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Watergate
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The law, passed in reaction to the secret Cambodia bombing, that restricted presidential use of troops overseas without congressional authorization
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War Powers Act
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Arab-sponsored restriction on energy exports after the 1973 Arab-Israeli war
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Oil Embargo
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Nixon-Ford-Kissinger policy of seeking relaxed tensions with the Soviet Union through trade and arms limitation
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Detente
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International agreement of 1975, signed by President Ford, that settled postwar European boundaries and attempted to guarantee human rights in Eastern Europe
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Helsinki accords
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Proposed constitutional amendment promoting women's rights that fell short of ratification
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Equal Rights Amendment
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Supreme Court decision that declared women's right to choose abortion.
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Roe v. Wade
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Two historic sites seized by American Indian activists in 1970-1972 to draw public attention to Indian grievances
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Alcatraz, wounded knee
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Provision of the 1972 Education Amendments that prohibited gender discrimination and opened sports and other arenas to women
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Title IX
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Egyptian president whose 1978 summit agreement, brokered by President Carter, brought hopes of peace with Israel
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Anwar sadat
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The first appointed vice president and first appointed president of the United States
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Gerald Ford
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Supreme Court justice whose "judicial activism" came under increasing attack by conservatives
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Earl Warren
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Nixon's tough-talking conservative vice president, who was forced to resign in 1973 for taking bribes and kickbacks
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Spiro Agnew
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Talented diplomatic negotiator and leading architect of détente with the Soviet Union during the Nixon and Ford administrations
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Henry Kissinger
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Egyptian leader who signed the Camp David accords with Israel
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Anwar Sadat
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California medical school applicant whose case led a divided Supreme Court to uphold limited forms of affirmative action for minorities
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Allen Bakke
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Environmental writer whose book Silent Spring helped encourage laws like the Clean Water Act and the Endangered Species Act
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Rachel Carson
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South Dakota senator whose antiwar campaign was swamped by Nixon
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George McGovern
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Former Georgia governor whose presidency was plagued by economic difficulties and a crisis in Iran
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Jimmy Carter
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Former Pentagon official who "leaked" the Pentagon Papers
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Daniel Ellsberg
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Winner of an overwhelming electoral victory who was forced from office by the threat of impeachment
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Richard Nixon
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White House lawyer whose dramatic charges against Nixon were validated by the Watergate tapes
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John Dean
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Conservative activist who led a successful movement to stop ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment
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Phyllis Schlafly
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Repressive pro-Western ruler whose 1979 overthrow precipitated a crisis for the United States
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Shah of Iran
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