Chapter 32 "Roaring 20’s!"
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Who did the KKK add to it's list of \"we don't likes\" in the 20's?
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Catholics, Jews, pacifists, communists, internationalists revolutionists, bootlegger, gamblers, adultery and birth control.
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Who did the KKK like?
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WASP; pro-white, anglo-saxton, protestant
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Emergency Quota Act
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cut the number of immigrants who could enter America to 3% of their nationality U.S population in 1910.
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Who did the Emergency Quota Act of 1921 favor?
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The New Immigrants (the ones they wanted to keep out), because the number of new Immigrants in 1910 was so large so they made a new bill.....Immigration Act
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Immigration Act
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(1924). sliced the number down of Immigrants down to 2% of a groups U.S population in 1890. Changing from 1910 to 1890 before many New immigrants had arrived. Also closed the door to Japanese immigrants. Old Immigrants (from North and Western Europe)
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What closed the door to Japanese immigrants?
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The Immigration Act
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Aside from the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, when was the 1st time more foreigners LEFT America than came?
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1931
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What were the differing views of Kallen and Bourne regarding immigration and the \"melting pot\"?
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Kallen-believed the different ethnic groups should keep their old world traditions. Bourne-argued the groups should interact and create a transnationality in America.
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What Act did congress pass to carry out the 19th Amendment (Prohibiting Alcohol)?
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Volstead Act
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Where was the 19th Amendment more popular?
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South and West
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Why were people making alcohol so strong it made people blind or killed them?
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It was costly and risky to deal in alcohol, the stronger the better.
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What was a positive result of the 19th Amendment?
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Banks savings increased and absences at work went down.
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Al Capone
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was the biggest baddest. Bloodshed of murder followed his armor-clad, bullet proof windowed car through chicago. The feds named him \" Public enemy #1\" the G Men never got over him for the dirty stuff; they did jail him in Alcatraz for tax evasion.
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What city lead the gang world in the 1920's
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Chicago
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Why was the \"Lindbergh Law\" Created?
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The famous airman Charles Lindberg had his baby kidnapped and murdered. The law made kidnapping punishable by death.
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John Dewy
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who advocated \"learning by doing\" and \"education for life\", instead of memorizing.
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Scopes Monkey trial
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over Darwins theory of evolution. He broke the law and taught evolution
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William Jennings Bryan
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he was a passionate bible expert who was involved in the Scopes monkey trial. He was pro-creation and disagreed with Clarence Darrow. Presidential Candidate.
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What was John T. Scope tried for?
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Breaking the \"no evolution law\"
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Andrew Mellons
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He was the Treasury Secretary. He had low tax policies which helped encourage growth of the economy.
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What was the economy like in the 1920's
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After the immediate post-war recession, the economy was robust. (bull market, good)
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Henry Ford
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He perfected the Assembly line at his Rough Rive Plant and could produce a new car every 10 seconds. Fords mass production was then applied to other industries, lowering costs, and starting mass consumption.
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Bruce Barton
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The ad-master. He wrote a best-seller called the Man NObody knows. He said Jesus Christ was the best advertiser ever.
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What were 2 new (dangerous) buying techniques in the 1920's?
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installment plans and buying on credit. Both could send a consumer (someone who buys things) into debt.
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Frederick Taylor
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promoted efficiency in production. He would put the stopwatch on a worker then orchestrate his movement to eliminate movements to make it more efficient.
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What made America more homogeneous?
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The growing mass media, like newspapers, magazines and radio. This was great for mass consumption.
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How reliable were the 1st cars?
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Not very reliable.
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What fundamental changes did cars bring to America?
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Roads were needed, social changes-young people \"dated\" in them, America spread out to the suburbs. There were alot of crashes. More people died in car crashes than all the wars combined.
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Orville and WIlbur wright
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Man flew for the first time on December 17,1903 for 12 seconds at Kitty Hawk NYC.
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Charles Lindbergh
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was the first to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean in 1927. He won a 25,000 dollar prize, and instantly became a celebrity.
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Guglielmo Marconi
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invented wireless telegraphy in the 1890's . His invention was used in WWI. The beep-beep radio would soon give birth to voice radio.
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Powel Crosley
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Radio station sent out 500,000 watts and could be reached nearly anywhere in the U.S.
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How did the radio change society?
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It standardized (or homogenized) America. Everyone could hear the same news at EXACTLY the same time.
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Thomas Edison
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helped invent/develop the picture show (movies)
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D.W Griffith
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Made the 1st full length movie, called The Birth of a Nation. It dealt with the Civil War reconstruction and was controversial because it seemed to glorify the KKK. It stunned Viewers with its battle scenes and ability to draw out emotions on a personal level.
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Where did most people live according to the 1920 census?
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more Americans lived in urban areas, instead of rural areas.
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What were some of the social changes in the 1920's
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old-to-new, traditional-to-modern, The National Women's Party emerged, religion was watered down, Jazz age and Sigmund Freud's psychological theories.
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Margret Sanger
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Promoted Birth Control for women.
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National Womens Party
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emerged in 1923 with the ambition of getting an Equal Rights Amendment for women passed to the U.S Constitution.
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Sigmund Freud's
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physiological theories (always involving sex and violence). Freud said sexual repression, mental and physical. Sex was needed for both types of health.
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Langston Hughes
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Poet who penned (spoke through) the voice of Black America.
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Marcus Garvey
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founded the UNited Negro Improvement Association to re-locate blacks to their native homeland. They also sponsored black enterprises to try and keep blacks money in blacks's hands.
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What happened to Garvey?
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His enterprises usually failed and he was jailed for mail fraud. He later helped start the Nation of Islam (Black Muslim) movement.
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Who helped to start the Nation of Islam movement?
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Marcus Garvey.
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H.L Mencken
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A new type of American writer. He used wit and biting criticism to jab at almost every aspect of society in his American Monthly.
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F. Scott Fitzgerald
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He was the de facto spokesman for the Jazz Age . He gained fame with This Side of Paradise and then his best work The Great Gatsby (a ruined WWI vet) his stories, along with his life and wife Zelda, describes the period's glamor and senselessness.
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Theodore Dreiser
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wrote in the ugly form of a realist (not a romantic) in AN American Tragedy. It told of a pregnant woman who murdered by her socially ambitious lover.
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Ernest Hemingway
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wrote The Sun Also Rises (young adults partying in paris and spain) and A Farewell to Arms (young officer fleeing war, seeking love.)
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Sherwood Anderson
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wrote \"Winesburg, Ohio\" which dredged the insides small- town America
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Sinclar Lewis
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Also depicted small-town America in Main Street and 20's materialism/ consumerism in \"Babbitt\".
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William Faulkner
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Wrote hauntly about the Southern experience in novels such as The Sound and the Fury, As i Lay Dying, and Abolism, Abolism! His writing sometimes confused readers with his new writing technique.
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Frank Lloyd Wright
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was an understudy of Louis Sullivan. Wright stunned people with his use of concrete, glass, and steel and his unconditional theory that form follows structure.
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Robert Frost
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A poet, \"the Road not taken\"
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Bureau of the Budget
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The federal government tried to get their financial house in order when congress passed this.
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What lead you to believe Free Speech was under fire?
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Some elected officials were denied seats on the legislature because they were Socialists. (Where the government runs everything)
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What is the Harlem Renaissance?
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An outpouring of African-American art and culture.
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What always happens right before a recession or depression?
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too much speculation in too-risky areas.
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Why didn't Secretary of Treasury Andrew Mellon like hight taxes?
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He felt a higher tax rate cripples the economy and actually leads to LESS revenue for the government.
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What were some of Andrew Mellon's accomplishments?
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He succeeded in lowering the national debt.
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What is the bad side to prosperity?
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People give into their greed and over-speculate in risky business, which was the main cause of the Great Depression.
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What was the main cause of the Great Depression?
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People over-speculated in risky business.
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What flaws did Warren Harding posses?
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He was of average intelligence and gullible. It was said that he couldn't tell a liar
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What pro-business policies were taken by the government during the Harding Administration?
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It passed the merchant Marine Act which authorized the shipping board to sell WWI era to ship private ships. It also hiked up the tariff with the fordney McCumber Tariff to 38.5%.
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What effects did the war have on the Post-War economy?
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New technologies made farm work easier and increased production. However, increased supply with the same demand yielded decreased prices, putting farmers on hard times.
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How did the U.S take the lead in disarmament in the 20's?
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It held a conference which invited all the major powers except Russia. The fire Power Treaty set up the 5:5:3 ration of ships, the Four Power Treaty set up the 4 Power treaty which required Britain, Japan, and the U.S to keep the status quo in the pacific and the nine power treaty and kept the Open Door Policy with China.
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What effects were produced by high American Tariffs?
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There was a snag in the system, Europe owed money to the U.S for WWI, in order to pay it back they needed to export more than they import.
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\"Such was his weakness that he tolerated people and conditions that subjected the republic to its worst disgrace since the days of Grants\" explain..
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Harding was an honest man, but he was oblivious to corruption and didn't want to believe that the people he chose could pull off such a feat.
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Give evidence to prove that America became a mass-consumption economy in the 20's.
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Machinery got better and ran on cheap energy, Henry Ford perfected the assembly line which could produce a new car for every 10 seconds and advertisements became very common.
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What methods made it possible to mass-produce automobiles?
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Henry Ford perfected the assembly line technique, Frederick Taylor would put the stopwatch on a worker then orchestrate his movements to eliminate wasted movements.
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What were the effects of the widespread adoption of the automobile?
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Millions of jobs were created, roads were now needed, a gasoline industry boomed and gave independence to young people who dated. However, there were many car accidents.
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What effects did the early airplane have on America?
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They didn't have much effect, and many first only saw a plane when a stunt flier would fly over. However, after WW1, they were used for air mail.
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How did America change as the result of the radio?
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Radio standardized Americans and brought them back to their homes to listen to the radio with the family. Advertisers used the radio to sell things and sports fans could follow their favorite sports.
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What were some milestones in the history of motion pictures?
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Thomas Edison helped invent the picture show, D.W. Griffith created the first full length movie that glorified the KKK, and Hollywood became the movie headquarters with its sunny climate.
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\"Far-reaching changes in lifestyles and values paralleled the dramatic upsurge in the economy.\" Explain.
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More americans lived in urban areas than rural areas, the flaming youth of the Jazz age shocked the older crowds, such as flappers who drank and danced dirty.
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How did the arts of the 1920's reflect the times?
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There were new writers who wrote about the glamour of the times and wrote about radical new ideas. There was a Harlem Renaissance in Harlem with an outpouring of African American culture.
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Was government economic policy successful in the 20's?
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Yes, they passed the Bureau of the Budget to get the financial house in order, and Congress did ease the tax burden on the rich, letting the economy boom. The national debt was lowered.
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The \"Red Scare\" of 1919-1920 led the U.S governemtn to attack the Communist in Russia.
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False-it resulted in attacks on alleged communists and radicals INSIDE the U.S.
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The Sacco- Vazetti case aroused liberal and radical protest because of alleged prejudice by the Judge and Joury
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True
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The KKK of the 1920's was the strongest in the East and the Far West.
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False-the KKK was strongest in the midwest and the South
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The immigration Act of 1924 reflected the \"nativist\" prejudice against the \"new immigration\" from southern and eastern Europe.
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True
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The Eighteenth Amendment and the Volstead Act were frequently violated, especially by big city dwellers and immigrants.
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True
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The Scopes trial verdict acquitted biology teacher Scopes and overturned the Tennessee law prohibiting the teaching of evolution in the schools.
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False, scopes was found guilty, and the law was upheld.
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The 1920's saw a shift from heavy industrial production toward a mass- consumption economy.
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True
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Henry Ford's greatest economic achievement was the production of a cheap, reliable, mass- produced automobile.
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True
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The automobile strengthened such related areas of production as the rubber, glass, and oil industries.
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True
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The radio and film industries initially emphasized non-commercial and public-information uses of the mass media.
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False-they emphasized entertainment and commercial advertising from the beginning.
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The 1920's saw attempts to restore stricter standards of sexual behavior, especially for women.
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False-this decade (1920-1930) saw a further loosening of sexual behavior, especially by women.
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Jazz was initially pioneered by blacks but was eventually taken up and promoted by whites
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True
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The center of black literary and cultural achievement in the 1920's was Atlanta Georgia.
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False it was Harlem, New York.
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The most prominent writers of the 1920's upheld the moral virtues of small-town American Life against the critical attitudes and moral questioning of the big cities.
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False-Writers in the 1920's attacked small-town values and reflected the most critical values of the cities.
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The real estate and stock-market booms of the 1920's included large elements of speculation and excessive credit risks.
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True
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The \"Red Scare\" of the early 1920's was initially set off by.
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The Bolshevik revolution in Russia.
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Besides attacking minorities like Catholics, blacks, and Jews, the KKK of the 1920s opposed contemporary culture and social changes such as...
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Evolution and birth control
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The quota system established for immigration in the 1920's was based partly on the idea that
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Immigrants from northern and western Europe were superior to those from southern and eastern Europe.
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The separation of many American ethnic groups into separate neighbors with their own distinct cultures and values ment that
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It was almost impossible to organize the American working class across ethnic and religious line.
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One Product of Prohibition was
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A rise in criminal organizations that supplied illegal liquor.
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The American city where gangsterism flourished most blatantly in the 1920's was.
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Chicago
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The essential issue in the Scopes trial was weather
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Darwinian evolution science could be taught in the public schools.
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The most highly acclaimed industrial innovator of the New mass-production economy was
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Henry Ford
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Two Major American industries that benefited economically from the widespread use of the automobile were
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Rubber and petroleum.
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One of the primary effects of the new automobile age was
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a weakening of traditional family ties between parents and youth.
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Radio and the movies both had the cultural effect of
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Increasing mass standardization and weakening traditional forms of culture
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In the 1920's, the major changes pursued by American Women were
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Cultural freedom and expanded sexual experience
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The primary achievement of Marcus Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement Association was
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Its impact on black racial pride
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The literary figure who promoted many new writers of the1920's in his magazine, The American Mercury, was...
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H.L.Mecken
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Many of the prominent new writers in the 1920's were
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Highly critical of traditional American \"Puritanism\" and small- town life.
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