Chapter 3 Culture – Flashcards
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the totality of learned, socially transmitted customs, knowledge, material objects, and behavior.
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Culture
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when they live in the same territory
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Society
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specialized language used by members of a group or subculture
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Argot
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the tendency to assume that one's culture and way of life represent the norm or are superior to all others
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Ethnocentricism
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viewing people's behavior from the perspective of their culture
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Cultural Relativism
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the systematic study of how biology affects human social behavior
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Sociobiology
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a subculture that deliberately opposes certain aspects of the larger culture
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Counter culture
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the systematic destruction of a group's culture
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Cultural genocide
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the viewing of people's behavior from the perspective of their culture
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Cultural relativism
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the feeling of surprise and disorientation
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Culture shock
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the polarization of society over controversial cultural elements
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Culture war
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a norm governing everyday behavior whose violation raises comparatively little concern.
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folkway
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a norm that has been written down and that specifies the strict punishments for violators
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formal norm
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the deliberate, systematic killing of an entire people or nation
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genocide
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a norm that is generally understood but not precisely recorded
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informal norm
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the physical or technological aspects of our daily lives
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material culture
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norms deemed highly necessary to the welfare of a society
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mores
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ways of using non-material objects, as well as customs, beliefs, philosophies, governments, and patterns of communication
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nonmaterial culture
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an established standard of behavior maintained by society
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norm
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a penalty or reward for conduct concerning a social norm
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sanction
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the systemtic study of how biology affects human social behavior
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sociobiology
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a segment of society that shares a distinctive pattern of customs, rules, and traditions that differs from the pattern of the larger society
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subculture
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a gesture, object, or word that forms the basis of human communication
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symbol
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a collective conception of what is considered good, desirable, and proper- or bad, undesirable, and improper- in a culture
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value
