question

Which of the following established the soviet sphere of influence in Eastern Europe? A) Eisenhower Doctrine B) Casablanca Conference C) Marshall Plan D) Yalta Agreement

answer

D) Yalta Agreement

question

From the U.S. perspective, the Cold War was precipitated by A) Stalin's refusal to allow self-determination for the countries of Eastern Europe B) the Soviet Union's explosion of an atomic bomb and later a hydrogen bomb C) the Soviet Union's participation in the creation of the Warsaw Pact D) Stalin's refusal to allow Eastern European countries to participate in the Marshall Plan

answer

A) Stalin's refusal to allow self-determination for the countries of Eastern Europe

question

When the United Nations first convened on April 25, 1945, it consisted of A) a single assembly B) a small board of delegates from the United States and the Soviet Union C) separate assemblies for Eastern and Western Europe D) the General Assembly and Security Council

answer

D) the General Assembly and Security Council

question

The creator of containment, who enumerated his fears in the Long Telegram in 1946, was A) George Kennan B) George Marshall C) Harry Truman D) James Byrnes

answer

A) George Kennan

question

The Truman Doctrine was implemented in response to communist threats in A) Egypt and Israel B) Palestine and Jordan C) Greece and Turkey D) East Germany and Poland

answer

C) Greece and Turkey

question

To forestall economic difficulties, which could foster the rise of communism throughout Europe, the United States gave nearly $13 billion to a European recovery program called the A) Berlin Airlift B) Marshall Plan C) Truman Doctrine D) NATO Alliance

answer

B) Marshall Plan

question

During the late 1940s and early 1950s, the United States and the USSR came closest to war over A) The Soviet blockade of West Berlin B) Soviet Arm shipments to North Korea during the Korean War C) Soviet refusal to allow Eastern European countries to participate in the Marshall Plan D) Soviet Aid to communist movements in Greece and Turkey

answer

A) The Soviet blockade of West Berlin

question

The National Security Council's report know as NSC-68 proposed that A) the United States must significantly increase its defense spending B) good relations with the Soviet Union were imperative C) critics had exaggerated the strength of the Soviet military D) a dangerous arms race would follow the development of the hydrogen bomb

answer

A) the United States must significantly increase its defense spending

question

Which of the following Axis nations did the United States help rebuild economical after World War II to make it a bulwark against communism during the Cold War? A) Bulgaria B) East Germany C) Austria D) Japan

answer

D) Japan

question

Which of the following occurred after the Chinese Communists defeated the Nationalists in 1949? A) The United States recognized the new government of China B) Truman and his aids supported China's admission to the UN C) Conservative critics accused the State Department of losing China D) American refused to recognize the exile Nationalist government established in Taiwan

answer

C) Conservative critics accused the State Department of losing China

question

What was President Truman's response to the invasion of South Korea in 1950? A) He asked the Un Security Council to authorize a "police action" B) Truman asked Congress for a declaration of war and the complied C) He decided to pursue a policy of watchful before committing troops D0 Truman applied to Congress to send aid to the anticommunist Koreans

answer

A) He asked the Un Security Council to authorize a "police action"

question

What was the outcome of the Korean War? A) the United States radically reduced its involvement in Asian affairs B) Korea remained divided at the 38th parallel C) An intense antiwar movement developed in the United States D) Civilian control of the American armed forces seriously eroded

answer

B) Korea remained divided at the 38th parallel

question

In the Munich Analogy, Americans justified containment by applying the lessons learned from A) the division of Germany B) the founding of the United Nation C) appeasing Hitler D) the Nazi-Soviet Pact

answer

C) appeasing Hitler

question

Harry Truman's historical reputation is based on his work as a(n) A) New Dealer B) Cold Warrior C) challenge of the labor movement D) opponent of the civil rights movement

answer

B) Cold Warrior

question

Which of the following occurred as a reaction to the massive wave of strikes that shook the United States in 1946 A) Congress abolished the Office of Price Administration B) Truman passed the Employment Act of 1946 C) Congress passed the Taft-Hartley Act over Truman's veto D) The U.S. government abandoned it Keynesian economic policies

answer

C) Congress passed the Taft-Hartley Act over Truman's veto

question

Which of the following policy would the Dixiecrats have opposed? A) desegregating the armed forces B) government efforts to spur economic growth C) Deficit spending to aid education D) a federally mandated increase in the minimum wage

answer

A) desegregating the armed forces

question

Which of the following statements characterizes the presidential election of 1948? A) Truman owed his victory to the large African American vote turnout in the south B) The left and right wing of the Democratic Party split off and nominated separate candidates C) Thomas Dewy's defeat stemmed from the nomination of Strom Thurmond as his running mate D) The Republican Congress effectively tarnished Truman's reputation, leading to his defeat.

answer

B) The left and right wing of the Democratic Party split off and nominated separate candidates

question

Truman's domestic program during his second term in office was know as A) New Deal B) New Frontier C) Square Deal D) Fair Deal

answer

D) Fair Deal

question

Why did the American Medical Association oppose Truman's proposal for national health insurance in 1949? A) They considered it as a corporate sellout. B) They denounced it as socialized medicine. C) The organization claimed it was insufficient. D) The group feared for the future of Medicare

answer

B) They denounced it as socialized medicine.

question

Which of the following describes life in the United States during the Cold War? A) Fearful of powerful government, the public insisted on decreasing the power of the president. B) Tension over communism abroad fostered a period of domestic repression and fear at home. C) Intent on protecting itself from communism, the United States banned covert operations abroad. D) Fearing creeping socialism, Congress cut back on Social Security and unemployment insurance.

answer

B) Tension over communism abroad fostered a period of domestic repression and fear at home.

question

In1947, the Truman administration reacted to the growing anticommunist fervor in the country by A) denouncing it as a Republican-inspired witch hunt against liberals and New Dealers B) ordering the FBI to conduct major investigation of all congressional Republicans. C) issuing an executive order to investigate all federal employees's loyalty. D) issuied an executive order to investigate all federal employees' loyalty

answer

C) issuing an executive order to investigate all federal employees's loyalty.

question

Which of the following issues was directly associated with McCarthyism? A) Campaign finance reform B) Allegations of communism C) The Fair Deal D) Modern Republicanism

answer

B) Allegations of communism

question

Senator Joseph McCarthy's investigation committee lost all credibility when it attacked A) the U.S.Army B) the State Department C) Hollywood D) FBI

answer

A) the U.S.Army

question

Which of the following statements describes modern Republicanism? A) President Eisenhower rejected it as the repudiation of Abraham Lincoln's legacy B) George Kennan called it a critical aspect of containment policy C) It called for a drastic reduction in the size and activities of the federal government D) The philosophy emphasized moderating rather than dismantling the New Deal

answer

D) The philosophy emphasized moderating rather than dismantling the New Deal

question

What was the distinguishing characteristic of President Eisenhower's "New Look" in Foreign Policy in the 1950s? A) a conventional army three times the size of the Soviet army B) increased hydrogen bomb production and long-range bombing strength C) The dismantling of truman's containment policies D) A commitment to raise arms against all nations unfriendly to western capitalism

answer

B) increased hydrogen bomb production and long-range bombing strength

question

What factor served as the basis for the United States' determination of whether it would support or oppose a country and its government during 1950s? A) the country's stance on communism B) its graphic location C) its level of democratic participation D) a country's adherence to UN human rights standards

answer

A) the country's stance on communism

question

During the Eisenhower admistration, the CIA helped overthrow the government of A) Cuba B) Indonesia C) Albania D) Iran

answer

D) Iran

question

Why did the United States refuse to support Ho Chi Minh, the leader of North Vietnam, during the late 1950s? A) He treated the North Vietnamese cruelly. B) He sympathized with the Japanese occupiers C) He was a communist D) He had taken control by force

answer

C) He was a communist

question

Which provision of Geneva Accords was never realized? A) Free Elections for a united Vietnam in 1956 B) French withdrawal of troops from the North in Vietnam C) Partitioning of Vietnam D) Establishment of a demarcation line at the seventeenth parallel

answer

A) Free Elections for a united Vietnam in 1956

question

Which of the following statements characterizes the events surrounding the Suez crisis? A) Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal and later built the Aswan Dam with Soviet assistance B) The United States supported the attack on Egypt carried out by Israel, Great Britain, and France after the Egyptian government nationalized the Suez canal. C) Soviet influence in the Third World declined because it became apparent that the Soviet Union could not defend its allies. D) With the West's attention focused on the Suez Canal, the Soviet Union Took advantage of the situation to seize control of Afghanistan.

answer

A) Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal and later built the Aswan Dam with Soviet assistance

question

Which of the following statements describes the presidential election of 1960? A) Kennedy won a decisive victory over Richard Nixon B) The New Deal Democratic coalition failed because southern whites voted Republicans. C) Kennedy won by a very slim margin of just a few thousand votes. D) Richard Nixon's popularity was due to his impressive performance on television

answer

C) Kennedy won by a very slim margin of just a few thousand votes.

question

Which of the following events was a major foreign policy blunder during the Kennedy administration? A) Cuban Missile Crisis B) Building of the Berlin Wall C) Bay of Pigs D) Alliance for Progress

answer

C) Bay of Pigs

question

Which of the following occured during the Cuban Missile Crisis? A) President Kennedy worked quietly through diplomatic channels to resolve the problem. B) Khrushchev used television to alert the world to the crisis C) The United States and the Soviet Union came closer to nuclear war than at any other time. D) Khrushchev ordered a quarantine of American shipping headed for Cuba.

answer

C) The United States and the Soviet Union came closer to nuclear war than at any other time.

question

In 1962, John F. Kennedy secured funding for a nonmilitary initiative to advance the Cold War agenda known as A) the United Nations Children's Fund B) Students for a democratic Society C) the Marshall Plan D) the Peace Corps

answer

D) the Peace Corps

question

John F. Kennedy's policy toward South Vietnam included A) increasing number of American troops on the ground to 16,000 by 1963 B) secretly bombing the jungle trails of the Vietminh in Cambodia and Loas. C) encouraging the South Vietnamese government to adopt the "strategic hamlet" strategy D) supporting a coup to oust Ngo Dinh Diem and install a pro-American government.

answer

A) increasing number of American troops on the ground to 16,000 by 1963

question

Why did President Harry Truman fire Henry A. Wallace as his secretary of commerce in 1946

answer

Wallace strongly opposed Truman's Cold War policies.

question

What policy did President John F. Kennedy follow in Vietnam?

answer

Providing military aid to South Vietnam

question

How did President Truman's conduct in the Korean War set ground rules for future Cold War conflicts?

answer

His refusal to unleash atomic weapons even when American troops were on the defensive set a standard.

question

What statement describes Senator Joseph McCarthy and his investigations into Communist subversion within the United States?

answer

He eventually undermined himself by attacking the army.

question

What conclusion can be drawn from this map of mutual defense treaties that the United States negotiated and signed with other countries during the Cold War?

answer

After World War II, the United States embraced the notion of collective security that it had rejected in 1919.

question

What did President Franklin Roosevelt believe was essential for creating postwar global stability?

answer

A stable alliance between the United States and the Soviet Union

question

How did President Eisenhower's administration approach the policy of containment in the 1950s?

answer

Eisenhower continued the containment policy.

question

This map of the United States, Central America, and the Caribbean in the early 1960s provides evidence to support which statement?

answer

The United States' influence and military presence in the Caribbean facilitated its role in the 1961 Bay of Pigs incident.

question

Why did the United States adopt a strategy of containment by 1947?

answer

Why did the United States adopt a strategy of containment by 1947?

question

How did Senator Joseph McCarthy achieve prominence in the anticommunist crusade?

answer

By announcing that he had a list of Communists in the State Department

question

In 1962 John F. Kennedy secured funding for what bold nonmilitary initiative to advance the Cold War agenda?

answer

The Peace Corps

question

Why did President John F. Kennedy send 1,400 CIA-trained Cuban exiles to Cuba's Bay of Pigs on April 17, 1961?

answer

To foment a massive anti-Castro uprising in Cuba

question

This photograph shows American troops during the Korean War. What does this image show that would not have been seen in a photograph from a World War II battle five years earlier?

answer

An integrated combat unit

question

What factor served as the most important basis for the United States to determine whether it would support or oppose the government of another country during the 1950s?

answer

That government's stance on communism

question

From the American point of view, what was the precipitating event of the Cold War?

answer

Joseph Stalin's failure to honor self-determination in Eastern Europe

question

Why did the United States form the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization in 1954?

answer

To establish a defensive alliance in the Pacific world

question

Based on this map, what pattern did the fighting in the Korean War follow?

answer

Successful advances followed by successful counterattacks

question

Why did President Harry Truman relieve General Douglas MacArthur from his command in Korea in 1951?

answer

MacArthur challenged Truman's decision to pursue a negotiated peace.

question

Why did Mao Zedong align himself with the Soviet Union in 1949?

answer

Mao feared that the United States would rearm the Nationalists and invade the mainland.

question

Why did the United States ignore the Vietnamese nationalist independence movement known as the Vietminh after World War II?

answer

The group's leader, Ho Chi Minh, was a Communist.

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