Chapter 24 The Transformation of Europe – Flashcards
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The system by which unfinished materials were delivered to rural households for production was known as the?
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Putting-Out System
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Luther's initial stimulus for formulating the Ninety-Five Theses was?
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The sale of Indulgences
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Which one of the following was NOT one of the pillars of the Catholic Reformation?
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The religious fervor of the Renaissance popes
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The author of the Ninety-Five Theses was?
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Martin Luther
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Frequent wars and balance-of-power diplomacy increased the resources of European states and strengthened society as a whole.
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False
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The Spanish Inquisition was first established in 1478 by?
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Fernando and Isabel
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During the seventeenth century, England and the Netherlands evolved governments that claimed limited powers and recognized rights of individuals and representative institutions.
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True
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Which of the following states developed constitutional governments in the seventeenth century?
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England and the Netherlands
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The individual associated with the phrase "l'état, c'est moi" was?
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Louis XIV
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By 1800, the population of Europe had risen to
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180 Million
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The Catholic church dramatically pushed the sale of indulgences in the sixteenth century because of the?
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need to raise funds for the construction of St. Peter's basilica
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Catherine the Great's attempts at reform in Russia were essentially ended by?
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Pugachev's rebellion
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Which of the following factors was NOT one of the reasons for Charles V's failure to build a centralized, sovereign state in the Holy Roman Empire?
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Frequent invasions by England Correct: internal religious tensions between Protestants and Catholics, external pressure from the French, German nobles who refused to bend to Charles's will, external pressure from the Ottomans, Ruled each of his lands according to it's own laws and customs
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Which of the following conflicts is the largest war to unfold in the wake of the Peace of Westphalia?
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The Seven Years' War
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The fundamental principle of diplomacy in early modern Europe was?
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The Balance of Power
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The architect of French absolutism was?
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Cardinal Richelieu
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Versailles was the magnificent royal palace of?
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Louis XIV
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Which of the following was NOT one of the policies pursued by Louis XIV?
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an attempt to make the nobles an active part of the government Correct: the maintenance of a huge standing army, use of the more dependable middle class as officials, the creation of the palace at Versailles, the promotion of economic development
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The Spanish leader who sent an armada against England in 1588 was?
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Phillip II
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Charles V was the?
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leader who tried, but failed, to centralize authority in the Holy Roman Empire
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The English civil war ended with the trial and decapitation of?
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Charles I
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On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres was written by?
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Nicolaus Copernicus
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Who said, "I cannot and will not recant anything, for it is neither safe nor right to act against one's conscience. Here I stand. I can do no other"?
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Martin Luther
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Charles V did not build an administrative structure for his empire but, instead, ruled each of his lands according to its own laws and customs.
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True
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The most important of the Romanov tsars of Russia was Catherine II. She is credited with the process of transforming Russia into a modern state.
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False
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he city that stood as John Calvin's model Protestant community was
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Geneva
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The most important consequence of the Peace of Westphalia was in?
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promoting the notion that the European nations viewed each other as sovereign and equal.
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The leader of England during the attempted invasion of the Spanish Armada was?
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Elizabeth I
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Several princes of the Holy Roman Empire warmed to Luther's views, partly because of personal conviction but partly because of the opportunity for them to build a power base.
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True
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The first great philosophical proponent of capitalism was?
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Adam Smith
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The author of the Institutes of the Christian Religion was?
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Calvin
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Merchants were influential in the affairs of the English and Dutch states; these lands adopted policies that were most favorable to capitalist enterprises.
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True
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The Council of Trent?
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Took steps to reform the Catholic church
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King Louis XIII of France was known as le roi soleil, "the sun king."
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False
