Answers on Chapter 22 Test Answers Flashcards
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1) According to your text, the progressives were (556) A) challenging the fundamental principles of capitalism. B) a totally brand-new movement. C) never a single group seeking a single objective. D) strong advocates of equality for blacks. E) united in their vision of how to reform America.
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C
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2) One of the roots of progressivism was the late 19th century (556) A) effort to regulate and control big business. B) decline in immigration. C) attempt to build an overseas empire. D) reform administration of Harrison. E) harmony between management and labor.
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A
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3) A major economic development between 1897 and 1904 was the (557) A) devaluation of the dollar. B) acceleration of the tendency toward industrial concentration. C) successful unionization of basic industries such as steel. D) major depression brought on by Cleveland?s tight money policies. E) reversal of the tendency toward industrial concentration.
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B
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4) Many in the middle-class were attracted to progressive reforms because they (557) A) sought to join conservative business forces in their triumph over working-class socialism. B) feared that their sense of personal importance and ambitions were undermined by aggressive labor unions. C) could make a pragmatic alliance with the ?new? urban immigrants who were the backbone of new militant labor unions. D) viewed themselves as the natural leaders of their communities who already commanded the respect necessary to lead these dramatic revolutionary changes. E) felt their ambitions and sense of importance were undermined by the new giant corporations.
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E
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5) A leading magazine editor and crusading reformer of the early 20th century was (557) A) Eugene V. Debs. B) S.S. McClure. C) Theodore Roosevelt. D) E.A. Ross. E) Charles Foster Kane.
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B
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7) Theodore Roosevelt called the progressive-era journalists who investigated corruption and fraud in American business and politics (558) A) muckrakers. B) yellow journalists. C) paper tigers. D) whistle blowers. E) heroes with typewriters.
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A
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8) Progressive reformers tended to believe that (558) A) social evils were due to human sinfulness. B) the solution to social problems was individual conversion to Christianity. C) social evils were due to human weakness. D) the solution to social problems was to change faulty institutions. E) social evils were God?s ways of testing his people.
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D
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9) The painters, such as Robert Henri and George Luks, who sympathized with the progressive reforms and who painted city slum scenes were called the (559) A) impressionists. B) progressive realists. C) abstract expressionists. D) ashcan artists. E) socialist realists.
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D
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10) How did the theories of Sigmund Freud affect the ideas and behavior of progressive intellectuals? (560) A) They were especially influenced by Freud?s essentially dark view of human nature. B) They strongly agreed with his view that almost all human behavior was determined by an individual?s genetic inheritance. C) They thought that Freud?s focus on behavior alone and total rejection of the existence of the unconscious was a mistake. D) They agreed with him that eternal archetypes were the fundamental factors in understanding psychology. E) They often used Freud?s ideas as an excuse to reject Victorian prudery.
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E
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11) The progressives attempted their first political reforms in the (560) A) Senate. B) cities. C) political parties. D) South. E) House of Representatives.
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B
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12) Samuel M. ?Golden Rule? Jones, Tom L. Johnson, and Seth Low were all (561) A) progressive mayors. B) machine politicians. C) progressive governors. D) Greenwich Village intellectuals. E) progressive senators.
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A
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13) The ________ plan was an urban reform, pioneered in Dayton, Ohio, whereby city affairs were administered on a nonpartisan basis by a professional. (561) A) mayoralty B) city manager C) direct-democracy D) home rule E) city commission
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B
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15) Russian immigrant and political activist Emma Goldman (562-3) A) strongly opposed birth control. B) lived and died in almost total obscurity. C) was careful to avoid arrest for her activities. D) vigorously supported the Great War because it would make the world safe for democracy. E) was in many ways a typical American immigrant.
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E
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16) Robert La Follette was particularly associated with (564) A) muckraking journalism and character assassination of leading businessmen. B) municipal socialism and labor organizing. C) prohibitions on selling alcohol and tobacco. D) promotion of specialized technical knowledge and legislative reference services to promote progressive reform. E) faith that the average citizen, rather than a trained expert, made the best government official.
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D
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8) Headed by Florence Kelley and associated with lawyer Louis Brandeis, the most effective women?s organization of the Progressive Era was the (565) A) Consumer?s League. B) Congressional Union. C) Women?s Trade Union League. D) League of Women Voters. E) National American Woman Suffrage Association.
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E
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19) In Muller v. Oregon (1908) attorney Louis Brandeis presented a so-called ?Brandeis brief? to the Supreme Court, which was based on (565-6) A) English, not American, common law. B) abstract, rational principles, not legal precedent. C) economic and sociological evidence. D) American legal precedent. E) principles drawn from the Federalist Papers.
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C
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20) On the national level, the Progressive Era saw the completion of the struggle for (566) A) unemployment insurance. B) direct election of the House of Representatives. C) black voting rights. D) old age and survivor?s insurance. E) women?s suffrage.
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E
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21) Late 19th-century feminists were handicapped in their campaign for women?s suffrage by (566) A) their support for legalized abortion. B) strong opposition in western states. C) their demand for an equal rights amendment. D) Victorian sexual inhibitions. E) their support for equal pay for equal work.
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D
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23) One of the suffragists? more successful justifications was the ?purity? argument that (568) A) women?s moral superiority would clean up politics if they were given the vote. B) because women were no more pure or impure than men, they had nothing to lose by voting. C) women?s moral superiority would be destroyed by voting unless immoral immigrants were disenfranchised. D) women must first purify politics through religion, then they should get the vote. E) women?s moral superiority would be endangered by voting unless illiterate blacks and immigrants were disenfranchised.
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A
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25) Theodore Roosevelt believed that the most effective means of dealing with big corporations was to (570-1) A) rely on the laws of supply and demand function. B) nationalize basic industries. C) break up all trusts and monopolies. D) regulate rather than eliminate them. E) take a hands off approach.
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D
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26) Roosevelt reacted to the creation of the Northern Securities Company by (571) A) suing to have it dissolved under the Sherman Antitrust Act. B) summoning J. P. Morgan and James J. Hill to the White House for a tongue -lashing. C) threatening to nationalize the railroads involved unless they voluntarily dissolved their merger. D) hailing it as an example of responsible behavior by big business. E) threatening to invade Canada unless they quit interfering in American markets.
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A
