Chapter 20 and 21 – Flashcards
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How did the United States demonstrate its growing interest in the pacific and in the latin America?
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Trade, acquired new land, and created foreign policies.
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How did the United States acquired the new territory and expand trade in the Asia - pacific region?
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They asked them politely, if they say no then they would get killed
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How did the United States get Japan to open trade?
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Matthew C. Perry presented Japan a letter from the president to open trade
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How did the United States get Alaska?
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Russia wanted to sell it so Seward bought it for $7.2 million about 2cent per acre
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Isolationism:
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avoiding involvement in other countries affair
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Imperialism:
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building empires by imposing political and economic control over peoples around the world increase world affair increase sphere of influence biggest impact was on Africa
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What is the Turner thesis?
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idea that started the western frontier had defined American history
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What arguments did expansionists make?
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some accepted because it will help the nation renew its vitality and strength
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How did the United States get Hawaii?
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Americans annexed Hawaii then Congress made Hawaii a territory of the U.S
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Spheres of influence:
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areas where another nation has economic and political control
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What is the open door policy/goal?
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open door policy is that he wanted all nations to trade with china on an equal basis
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What is the boxer rebellion?
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Boxers wanted to expel foreigners
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What benefit did Seward seen in acquiring Alaska?
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stepping stone for trade with Asia and the Pacific
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Why did people call the purchase of Alaska lands " Seward's Folly"
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looked like a frozen wasteland
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In what 3 ways did U.S supporters of expansion justify increased involvement in world affairs?
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Isolationism, imperialism and sphere of influence
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How did the division of samoa and the annexation of the Hawaiian Islands benefit the United States?
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- it gave beauty, sunshine, beaches, and rolling surf - could serve as a military and commercial outpost in the pacific
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What were the causes and effects of the Spanish American war?
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Causes - Spain and Cuba were fighting Effects: U.S got many land/colonies got self government
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reconcentration:
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is the forced movement of large #'s of people into detention camps for military or political reasons
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Why was the Maine in havana harbor?
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to protect American lives and property
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Why did the U.S go to war? Spanish American War
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settlement would disrupt the U.S economy
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What lands did Spain lose in the Caribbean?
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Cuba, Philippines, Puerto Rico
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Protectorate:
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is an independent country whose policies are controlled by an outside power
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How did the treatment of Cuba, puerto rico, and the Philippines differ?
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the US controlled each differntly
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What role did the press play in rallying American support for a war in Cuba?
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gave news
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What motivated the United States to enter into a war with Spain?
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Spain and Cuba may disrupt US economy
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What were the terms of the peace treaty between the United States and Spain?
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all colonies have their own self government
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How had the United States replaced Spain as a colonial power in the world?
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it gave them the right to have their own self government
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How did the United States use the Monroe Doctrine to justify intervention in Latin America?
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it prevented the US spread of influence
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isthmus:
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is a narrow strip or land joining two larger areas of land
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How did the revolt in Panama Start?
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dislike, forced by U.S
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How did the United States help rebels in Panama?
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fight, allies, weapons
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What disease was common while building the canals?
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malaria and yellow fever
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What was the "big ditch"?
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they had to dig a mile ditch through mountains
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What problems did canal builders overcome?
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death, diseases
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Roosevelt corollary:
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he wanted to prevent European nations using military force to collect over due debts from the Dominican Republic
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Corollary
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logical extension of a doctrine or Proposition
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William Howard Taft Dollar Diplomacy:
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urged US bankers and business to invest heavily in Asia and Latin America
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Dollar Diplomacy
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a policy based on the idea that economic tries were the best way to expand american influence
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How did Roosevelt build on the Monroe Doctrine?
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he created the Roosevelt Corollary
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Why was the building of a canal important to the United States?
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Shorter route between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans
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What event led to the eventual building of the Panama Canal?
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Panama Vs Colombia
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According to president wilson what was the goal of U.S Foreign Policy?
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to support and nurture democracy throughout the world
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How did the Foreign Policies of president Roosevelt and Taft differ?
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Roosevelt extended the monroe Doctrine while Taft was to help American influence
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How did imperialism conflict with isolationism in U.S Foreign Policy?
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isolationism didn't want involvement with other countries affairs but imperialism was that
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why did foreign nations want to establish spheres of influence in china?
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everyone receives fair amount
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Why was Theodore Roosevelt's foreign policy seen as a corollary to the monroe doctrine?
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because it claimed the right to use force to prevent intervention in Latin America
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what was the goal of Taft's dollar diplomacy?
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protect US economic investments in Latin America and in other regions
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Why was an isthmus a good place to build a canal?
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the panama canal was to connect two places like an isthmus
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How did buying Alaska provide economic benefits?
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stepping stone for trade with Asia and the pacific
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In what region of the world did European powers gain control by 1900?
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Cuba, Panama, philippines PuertoRico, Spain
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What impact did the expansion policies of European countries have on the foreign policy or the united states?
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it made it create the policies
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How did the United States gain overseas empires?
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They brought warfare so if they said no, they would get killed
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How did Roosevelt apply his "big stick" policy to Latin America?
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The claim was the leader of the Western Hemisphere
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How was Taft's dollar diplomacy like the Roosevelt Corollary?
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helped the U.S economy
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Frederick Jackson Turner:
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created Turner thesis that the western Frontier had defined American History
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Jose Marti
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cuban exiles leader, urged the U.S to help with rebels
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William Randolph Hearst
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Journalist of the New York journal; tried to outdo Pulitzer in the use of sensational stories and headlines ( yellow journalism)
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Emilio Aguinaldo
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a rebel leader, helped seized Manila from the spanish
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What were the causes and effects of world war I?
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Causes: imperialism, nationalism, militarism, secret alliances, and assassination of arch duke Ferdinand effects: many loses and Germany was blamed
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Militarism
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The glorification of the military qualification of the military leaders have european influence gaining military status
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Nationalism
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Pride in once nation or ethnic group big role great powers thought they could win not good (could be good) pride in culture (country)
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How did nationalism contribute to the war?
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boosted tensions
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Stalemate
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deadlock
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trench warfare
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soldiers fire on one an other from opposing lines of dug out trenches groups shelter themselves to keep away from gunfire caused by machine guns underground holes did not protect them best way to put poison gas
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How did technology make the war more deadly?
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By having new weapons like poison gases, machine guns
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Propaganda
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is a spread of information designed to win support for a cause
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How did the war in Europe divide Americans?
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some wanted to stay out of the war and some wanted to fight agains Europe
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What was the Zimmerman Telegram/ Note
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it proposed that Mexico should join Germany's side
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How did the submarine warfare help lead the United States into World War 1?
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The submarine sank and all the supplies were gone
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Identify 3 factors that led to the outbreak of World War 1?
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imperialism, nationalism, and militarism
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What alternatives did European nations and when their Allies entered the war?
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faced hardships, toughness
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How did Wilson try to maintain neutrality?
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he kept the US from entering into the war, gave supplies to the British
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What steps did the United States government take to prepare the nation for war?
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trained military, drafts, and made everyone involved in the war by slogans, advertisements, newspapers
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moblize
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is to prepare for war
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illiterate
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unable to read and write
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How did the United States built its military force?
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drafts, volunteers, nurses
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How did the government build public support for the war effort?
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propaganda, patriotism, cartoons, posters, Liberty Bonds
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What steps did the United States take to mobilize for the war?
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high military training, drafts, everyone should be involved in the war
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How did the arrival of American troops in Europe affect the course of the war?
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we were much stronger
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convoy
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is al large group of merchants vessels sailing together
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communism
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is an economic and political system based on the idea that social classes and the right to private property should be eliminated
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What role did American troops play at Belleau Wood?
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contributed to the war
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armistice
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is a halt in fighting that allows peace talks to begin
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How did the war end?
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many soldiers lost their lives
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Identify two ways the Americans contributed to the Allied victory?
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treaty and armistice
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How did the Treaty of Versailles and the league of Nations disappoint President Wilson?
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wilson didn't agree with it
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self determination
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is the right of a group to decide its own form of government
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What was the goal of the 14 points?
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peace plan, to prevent future wars
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reperations
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payments to over war damages
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How did the Treaty of Versailles punish Germany?
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they didn't allow German leaders to come into the meeting to create the treaty
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Why did Lodge oppose the League of Nations?
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the thinks that it would restrict the right of the United States to act independently in its own interest
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deported
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returned to their home country
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What problems affected the postwar United States?
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influenza epidemic, labor unrest, and red scare
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How did the Treaty of Versailles meet Wilson's goal?
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they both ended the war so all nations can have peace
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Why did Wilson refuse to compromise with critics of the League of Nations?
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it wouldn't let the United States act independently
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John J. Pershing
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commander of the American Expeditionary Force
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Vladimir Lenin
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leader of a radical faction known as the Bolsheviks
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What did Wilson want to do?
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spread democracy
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did many americans support or not support imperialism in the 20th century?
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many americans supported it
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list the order of who declared war?
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Austria Hungary declares war on Serbia Russia declares war on Austria Hungary Germany declares war on Russia France declares war on Germany
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List the central powers
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Germany Austria Hungary Bulgaria Ottoman Empire
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List the allied powers
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France Russia Great Britain
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What were the the positive effects of the war?
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more jobs for women and minorities better wages and working conditions
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How did the Espionage and Sedition Acts impact Americans?
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it violated the 1st amendment
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What did Congress issue for the first time in the Civil War?
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they instituted a draft
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War Industry Board
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settlement disagreements between workers and management so production stays high
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What is "No mans land"?
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is land between the trenches
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What is the Treat of Brest Litovsk?
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separate treaty between central powers and Russia left the war
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What is the Big Four?
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US, Great Britain, France, and Italy
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What was the controversy about the peace treaty?
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how deeply the central powers should be punished
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What were Wilson's 14 points?
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plan for postwar in Europe plan for avoiding future wars describe future of specific places self determination league of nations
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What was the vision of the League of Nations?
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prevent future wars settle disputes protect democracy IT FAILED
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What was included in the Treaty of Versailles?
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Germany lost land, they had to pay reparations, and took blame Poland was restored Austria Hungary split
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alliances
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Germany formed alliance with France formed friendship so they get help if there in any conflict
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stalemate
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deadlock no one was winning nothing was happening no movement
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propaganda
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spread of untrue information Americans fought against France and they spread untrue information
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What was the result of the Boxer Rebellion in China?
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The boxers were defeated, and the United States reaffirmed its right to trade in China
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Which of the following was made easier by the building of the Panama Canal?
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shipping
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Which of the following happened first?
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the destruction of the battleship Maine
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Who directed the effort to overcome yellow fever and malaria in the Panama Canal Zone
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William C. Gorgas
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Alfred T. Mahan was in favor of
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building a powerful American Navy
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Which of the following is incorrectly paired?
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Matthew C. Perry-Liberty Bonds
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Which of the following would a European opponent of Wilson's Fourteen Points peace plan be most likely to say?
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"The League of Nations would not punish the Central Powers enough."
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During World War I, which of the following was NOT a stateside action taken by individuals to support the war effort?
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making weapons by hand
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Which of the following did NOT rebel against foreign influences?
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Alaska
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The United States acquired Hawaii as a result of
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a treaty of annexation
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when Theodore Roosevelt said, "Speak softly and carry a big stick," he meant that
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the United States wanted to solve problems through diplomacy but would not hesitate to use military force
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What happened in Russia in March, 1917?
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Tsar Nicholas II was overthrown
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What was the American Protective League?
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an organized group of people who spied on their neighbors
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How did Herbert Hoover assist America in World War I
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by heading up a new Food Administration
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Soldiers returning home after the war and seeking jobs resulted in
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high unemployment
