Chapter 2 sociology101 – Flashcards
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Which of the following statements is false?
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Sociological studies always generate data that supports the original hypothesis.
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A measurable trait or characteristic that is subject to change under different conditions is referred to as a/an
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variable
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Durkheim's statistical analysis of suicide was an example of what kind of research technique?
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secondary analysis
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A study generally in the form of an interview or questionnaire that provides researchers with information about how people think and act is known as what?
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a survey
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In The Death of White Sociology, Joyce Ladner focused on what issue?
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the treatment of the lives of African Americans as a social problem
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The variable hypothesized to cause or influence another is called
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the independent variable.
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Which of the following is NOT a form of survey?
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observation
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What is one of the most complicating factors in researching human sexuality that is discussed in the text?
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The government agencies are reluctant to provide funding for such research.
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The term ___________ refers to the unintended influence that observers of experiments can have on their subjects.
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Hawthorne effect
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A/an __________ is a speculative statement about the relationship between two or more factors known as variables.
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hypothesis
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Which type of variable is a factor held constant to test the relative impact of the independent variable?
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a control variable
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Max Weber argued that sociologists must practice what in their research?
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value neutrality
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Which step is the first step in the scientific method?
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defining the problem
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The systematic, organized series of steps that ensures maximum objectivity and consistency in researching a problem is termed the
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scientific method.
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__________ refers to the study of an entire social setting through extended systematic observation.
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Ethnographic research
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Using __________, Erving Goffman conducted a pioneering exploration of how advertisements portray women.
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content analysis
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Which of these is NOT an arena where feminists are most likely to focus their ethnographic research?
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street corners
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Which kind of sample is most frequently used by social scientists?
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a random sample
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In the 1930s, William F. Whyte moved into a low-income Italian neighborhood in Boston. For nearly four years, he was a member of the social circle of "corner boys" that he describes in Street Corner Society. His goal was to gain greater insight into the community that these men had established. What type of research technique did Whyte use?
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participant observation
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When sociologists want to study a possible cause-and-effect relationship, they may engage in what kind of research technique?
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experimental research
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A sociologist studying prejudice views the phenomenon in terms of a person's unwillingness to hire or work with members of minority groups. This view illustrates an explanation of an abstract concept that is specific enough to allow a researcher to measure the concept and is known as a/an
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operational definition.
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A correlation exists when
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a change in one variable coincides with a change in another variable.
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The degree to which a measure or scale truly reflects the phenomenon under study is termed
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validity.
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An explanation of an abstract concept that is specific enough to allow a researcher to measure the concept is
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an operational definition.
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Your text explains that the controversy surrounding research on human sexual behavior raises the issue of
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value neutrality.
