Chapter 2, Pschosocial Health – Flashcards
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What is psychosocial health?
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- a complex interactions of processes of factors that are both psychological and social in nature and compass our -emotional, mental, social and spiritual states (Adams et,al.,2006)
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What are the dimensions of Psychosocial health?
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-mental health -emotional health -social health -spiritual health
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What is mental health?
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-a state of emotional and psychosocial well being inwhich an individual is able to use his or her cognitive and emotional capabilities -functions in the society, and meet the ordinary demands of everyday life
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What is emotional health?
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-perceive reality as it is -respond to challenges -carry out adult responsibilities -adapt to change and cope with adversity
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What is emotional health?
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-generally refers to feelings and moods
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What is emotions?
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-a conscious mental reactions usually dirrected toward a specific object of person
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What are the 4 types of emotions?
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-results from loss, harm or threats (eg. fear, and agner) -result from benefits (eg. joy, delight) -borderline emotions (eg. hope, compassion) -complex emotions (eg. hope and grief)
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What are the characteristics of emotionallly healthy person include?
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-an understanding that the self is not centre of univererse -the ability to respond in a suitable way to situations or events that are either distressing or amazing -a sens of control over the mind and body that leads to health enhancing choices and decisions -a high level control over the midn -high level of optimism -a passion for work and play (Dubovsky, 2008)
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What is emotinal intelligence?
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- important to balance our intellect with our emotions -high levels of emotional intelligence may make a great difference in a person's personal and professional success
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What are the five components of emotional intelligence?
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-self awareness -alturism -personal motivation -emphaty -ability to love and be loved
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What is social health?
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-the ability to interact with people around us as well as our capability to function as contributing member of the society.
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What are the 2 kinds of social health?
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-social support -social bonds
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What is social support?
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-refers to the care and security that family, friends, colleagues, and professional provide us
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What is social bonds?
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-can be defined as the degree to which people are integrated into attached to thier families, communities and society (Chris 2007)
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What is spiritual health?
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-involves our ability to identify our basic purpose in life and the experience the fulfillment of achieving our full potential
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What is spiritual health person?
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-does not have to follow a specific religion doctrine
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In Canada what is respected in first nations?
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- traditional way of healing
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What is spiritual health includes?
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-a belief in what some call a higher power
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What is spiritual intelligence?
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-the discovery of an inner wisdom -the capacity of sense, understand, tap into the highest part of ourselves and the world around us
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What is Identify your needs?
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- range from basic common survival needs to social, intellectual, and cultural needs -differ from wants
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What is Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
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-basic human needs at the bottom of the pyramid -higher needs placed in order in on the pyramid
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What is 5 parts of Maslow hierarchy of needs?
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-physiological needs -safety and security needs -love and affection (belonging) needs -self esteem needs -self actualization
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What is physiological needs?
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-food, water, shelter, sleep
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What is safety and security needs?
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-ability to protect oneself from harm
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What is love and affection (belonging) needs?
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-friendship, family and intimacy
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What is self esteem needs?
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-humans desires to be accepted and valued by others
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What is self actualization?
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-they greatest possible satisfaction from life varies from person to person
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What is Erickson's theory of psychosocial development?
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-impact of social experience on individuals throughout their lifetime -move to varying stages of development as we age -our experience during those stages can set up to a sense of mastery sense of inadequacy
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What is the Erickson's stages of development?
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-Infant -early childhood -pre-school -school age child -adoloscence -young adulthood -middle adulthood -late adulthood
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What is infant?
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-birth to 18 months -trust vs. mistrust
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What is early childhood?
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2 to 3 years old -autonomy vs. shame
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What is pre school?
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-ages 3-5 years old -initiative vs. guilt
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What is school age child?
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- ages 6-11 years - industry vs. inferiority
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What is adolescence?
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ages 12 to 18 years old -identity vs. identity diffusion
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What is young adulthood?
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19 to 40 years old -intimacy vs. isolation
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What is middle adulthood?
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49 to 65 years old -generativity vs. self absorption
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What is late adulthood?
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65 years old -integrity vs. despair
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What is values?
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-the criteria by which you evaluate things, people, events and yourself -represent what most important to you -value can help give life meaning and structure
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What is instrumental values?
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-ways of thinking and acting that we hold important, example being love or loyal
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What is terminal values?
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-goals, achievements, or ideal states that we strive toward, example happiness
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What is self esteem?
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- gives us the confidence to achieve at school or work and to reach out to others to form friendships and close relationship
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Where does self esteem based for?
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- is not base on external factors -but rather on what you believe in yourself
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What is low self esteem?
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-is common in people who have been abused as children and in those with psychiatric disorders , example: depression, anxiety
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How do you improve your self esteem?
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-developing the habit of positive thinking, talking, and behaving
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What is learned helplessness?
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-blaming others for our failures and transferring our responsibility over the society
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What is the result of people who is optimistic and resilient?
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-less likely to suffer mental disorder -more likely to lead happy, productive lives
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What is self esteem?
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-is one of the best predictors of college and university adjustment
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What is feelings?
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-emotional responses that come and go within minutes
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What is moods?
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-sustained emotional state that colours our view of the world for hours or days
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What is characteristics of women?
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-they talk to someone or roomate on why they feel bad
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What do men usually distract themselves?
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-likely to use alcohol or drugs
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What are the mood regulating strategies?
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-make a change -be happy -learn to laugh
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What is Aerobic workouts?
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-walking, jogging, significantly improve moods
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What in non aerobics workouts?
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-weightlifting, can boost spirit and improve moods as well
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What is the effects of long term sleeps?
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- loss include increased risk of hypertension, diabetes, obesity, depression, hearth attack, and stroke
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What is the normal sleep times?
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5 to 10 hrs. -usually 7.5 on average
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What is develop autonomy?
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- view as originating internally rather than externally
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What is assert yourself?
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-recognize your feelings and make your needs and desires clear to others
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What is become socially responsible?
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-individual have responsibility to the welfare of society , example volunteer, provide community service
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What is overcome loneliness?
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-develop skills to fulfill your potential and learn to reach out to others, join study group, coach a sport or team
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What is face social anxieties?
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-overcome social apprehensions push yourself to talk with a stranger, attend gathering to meet new people, etc
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what are the characteristics of mentally healthy individuals?
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-Establishes and maintain close relationship, carries out responsibilities -values himself/herself, pursues work that suits talents and training
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What is mental illness?
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-alterations in thinking, mood, or behaviour -associated with significant distress, dysfunctions and impaired functioning
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What is the symptoms of mental illness?
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-middle to severe depending on type of mental illness
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How many % of individual will experience a mental illness during their lifetime (WHO, 2010)?
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-20 %
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Does mental health affect physical health?
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-yes
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What is anxiety?
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-can lead to intensified astmatic reactions, skin conditions, and digestive disorders
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What is stress?
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-can play a role in hypertension, heart attacks, cardiac death, and immune disorders
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What is the serious factors of physical illness?
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-depression
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What is physical illness?
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-heart disease, hypertension (high blood pressure)
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Who is affected of mentall illness?
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-all occupations, educational and income levels and cultures
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Who have the high risk of mental illness?
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-young adults
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Who have a serious risk of mental illness?
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-homelessness
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What are the misconceptions and beliefs about mental illness, stigma?
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-all indviduals with mental health issues are dangerous -house in facility far away from local communities -right to vote is restricted -employment limited
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What are anxiety disorder?
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-GAD -phobias -panic attacks -panic disorders -Post traumatic stress disorder
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What is GAD?
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-generalized anxiety disorder -exessive or unrealistic apprehension that causes physical symptoms
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What is phobias?
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-out of the ordinary, irrational, intense, excessive, unreasonable, and persistent fears of certain objects or situations
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Waht is panic attacks?
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-a terrible sense that something horrible is about to happen
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What is panic disorders?
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-develops when panic attacks recur or apprehensions about them becomes so intense that individuals cannot functions normally -usually caused by cognitive, behavior therapy and medication
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What is PTSD?
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-post traumatice stress disorder -individual re-experienced in the past again and again in their dreams or intrusive thoughts
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What is OCD?
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-obsessive compulsive disorder
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What is obsession?
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-a recurring idea, thought, or image that one realizes, at least initially, is senseless -eg. repetative thoughts of violence
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What is compulsion?
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-repetative behavior performed according to certain rules or in a stereotyped fashion, example handwashing
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What is ADHD?
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-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder -individuals who are hyperactive impulsive, and whom may or not have inattentive behaviors
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What are the cause of ADHD?
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-are complex and include genetic and biological factors
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What is depressive disorders?
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-depression is the world most common mental ailment.
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What is the effect of depression to people?
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- it can destroy a person's joy for living and cause any pleasure to no longer appeal -the good news is depression is treatable disease
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What is ways to treat the psychological problems?
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-antidpressant -exercise
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What is bipolar (manic disorder)?
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- mood swing that make take individuals from manic stages of feeling euphoric and energetic to depressive states of utter despair
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What are the characteristics of bipolar disorder?
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- mood swings -changes in thinking -changes in behavior -changes in physical condition
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What is PMS?
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-premenstural syndrome
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What is PMDD?
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-premenstraul dysphoric disorder -wide range of physical and emotional symptoms that affect woman about 5 to 11 days before she begins her monthly menstrual cycle
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What is the symptoms of PMS?
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- can include feelings of sadness, anxiety, poor self image or tension
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What is the behavior change in PMS?
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-can include irritability, hostility, and outburst or anger
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What is exact cause of PMS and PMDD?
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-unknown
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What is SAD?
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-seasonal affective disorder -severe bouts of feeling down, low energy, sleep problems during fall and winter seasons
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What is the result of SAD?
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-from shorter day lenghts, where exposure to sunlight is limited
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What is the treatment with SAD?
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-light therapy or phototherapy
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What is schizophrenia?
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- one of the most debilitaing mental disorders -impairs individuals sense of reality
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What are the symptoms of schizophrenia?
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-hallucinations -delusions -inability to think logically -making odd or purposeless movements or not moving at all -repeating ohters words or mimicking their gestures showing few, if any, feelings -lacking will of motivation to complet task -functioning at much lower level than in the past at work or in taking care of themselves
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What is suicide?
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-is often the tragic consequence of emotional and psychological problems.
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What is sign of serious distress?
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-attempted suicide
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What ages account for 73% of hospital admission for attempted suicide?
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-15 to 44 years old
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What are the option for treatment?
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-psychodynamic psychotherapy -interpersonal therapy -cognitive-behavioral therapy -psychiatric drug therapy -alternative mind medicine
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What is psychodynamic psychotherapy?
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-works towards the goal of providing greater insight into problems and bringing about behavioral changes
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What is interpersonal therapy?
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-focuses on relatioship
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What is cognitive behavioral therapy?
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-focusses on inappropriate or inaccurate thoughts or beliefs to help individuals break out a distorted way of thinking
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What is psychiatric drug therapy?
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-uses drugs to alter the brain chemistry and releive psychiatric symptoms
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What is alternative mind mood medicine?
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-uses of natural products that claim to have psychological effects. Example natural health healing
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What are the factors linked to suicide?
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-mental disorders -use of alcohol -drug abuse -hopelessness and helplessness -abnormalities in brain chemistry (low level of serotonin) -access to guns -life crises (job changes, divorce) -longstanding intense conflict with family members or signinficant people
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Where can I turn for help?
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-health units -communitiy health mental healt centres or hospital -family doctor -crises intervention programs -violence prevention programs -child abuse prevention programs -psychiatrists, psychologist, or psychoanalysts
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What does pyschological health emcompass?
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-emotional, social, spiritual, and mental states
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Which of the following best describes mental health?
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-perceiving reality the way you would like it to be
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Which of the following is an example of a terminal value?
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-standing up for what we believe
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Which term refers to a sustained state of colours view of the world for hours and days?
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- mood
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Which terms is used to described the locus of an autonomous individual?
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- internal
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Which term refers to alterations of thinking, mood, or behavior for combination of them, associated with significant and impaired functioning?
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-mental illness
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An individual is terrified of needles and so avoids a necessary medical procedure. What type of mental illness is this an example of?
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- phobia
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Which term best describes feelings of great energy and euphoria alternating with feelings of depression and despair?
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-bipolar disorder
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Which statement best describes psychosocial health?
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- a complex interaction of emotional, mental, social, and spiritual states
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Which of the following concepts is encompassed in emotional intelligence?
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- the ability and skill to identify, assess, and control your emotions
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Which of the following activities can be linked to the concept of social responsibiltiy?
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- participating in a community fundraising event with colleagues through your place of work in a college of university class
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Which statement about individuals who have developed a sense of mastery over their lives is trues?
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-they are aware that they locus of control is internal not external
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Which statement best describe mental disorder?
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- a behavioral or psychological disorder that impairs an individuals ability to conduct or more important activities of daily life
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Which statement about mentally health individuals is correct?
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- mentally healthy individuals value themselves, accept thier limitations, and carry out their responsibility
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Which statements about anxiety disorder is true?
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- an individual sufferings from panic attack may mistake her symptoms for a heart attack
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What are some characteristics symptoms of major depression?
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- difficulty in concentrating, lack of energy, and eating more than usual
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In which situation might a person be at higher risk of commiting suicide?
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-if he has lost his job because of alcoholism
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Which of the following statements is true?
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- psychiatric medications affect every aspect of person's physical, mental, emotional functioning
