Chapter 2 Inorganic Chemistry Answers – Flashcards
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what are organic molecules
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they contain carbon-carbon covalent bonds or carbon-hydrogen covalent bonds. Inorganic do not.
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examples of inorganic molecules
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water and some acids, bases, and salts
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is water a solute or solvent?
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solvent (liquid into which solutes are dissolved)
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dehydration synthesis
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chemical reaction in which water is removed from small molecules so they can be strung together to form a larger molecule
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hydrolysis
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chemical reaction in which water is added to the subunits of a large molecule to break it apart into smaller molecules
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which molecules are fromed through dehydration synthesis and are broken apart by hydrolysis?
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all the major organic molecules
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what do chemical reactions involve?
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energy transfers, as when energy is used to build ATP molecules.
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what do chemical equations show?
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how reactants interact to form products; arrows seperate the reactants from the products
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water molecules dissociate to form what?
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equal amounts of H+(hydrogen ion) and OH- (hydroxide ion)
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acid
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substance that shifts the H+/H- balance in favor of H+; opposite of the base
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base
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substance that shifts the H+/OH- balance against H+; also known as an alkaline; opposite of acid
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PH
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mathematical expression of relative H+ concentration in an aqueous solution
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pH7
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nuetral (neither acid nor base)
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what are pH values above 7?
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basic
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what are pH levels below 7
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acidic
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when does neutralization occur?
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when acids and bases mix and form salts
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buffers
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chemical systems that absorb excess acids or bases and thus maintain a relatively stable pH.
