CHAPTER 19 – POPULAR ECOLOGY – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
is a group of individuals of a single species that occupy the same general area
answer
Population
question
the factors that influence a population's density, structure, size growth rate.
answer
Population ecology focuses on
question
is the number of individuals of a species per unit of area or volume.
answer
Population density
question
of a population is the distribution of individuals in different age-groups.
answer
age structure
question
largemouth bass per cubic kilometer (km3) of a lake, oak trees per square kilometer (km2) in a forest, and nematodes per cubic meter (m3) in a forest's soil
answer
Examples of population density
question
track survivorship (the chance of an individual in a given population surviving to various ages) help to determine the most vulnerable stages of the life cycle
answer
Life tables
question
the history of a population's survival, reproductive success, and/or how the population relates to environmental factors
answer
The age structure of a population provides insight into
question
plot the number of individuals still alive at each age in the maximum life span are classified based upon the rate of mortality over the life span of an organism
answer
Survivorship curves
question
take immediate advantage of favorable conditions and typically exhibit a type III survivorship curve
answer
Organisms with an opportunistic life history
question
develop and reach sexual maturity slowly, produce few, well-cared-for offspring, are typically larger-bodied and longer-lived, and typically exhibit a type I survivorship curve.
answer
Organisms with an equilibrial life history
question
are born immigrate into an area, emigrate away, die
answer
Population size fluctuates as new individuals
question
describes the expansion of a population in an ideal and unlimited environment
answer
Exponential population growth
question
a few dozen rabbits can multiple into millions in certain circumstances following disasters, organisms that have opportunistic life history patterns can rapidly recolonize a habitat
answer
Exponential growth explains how
question
are environmental factors that hold population growth in check restrict the number of individuals that can occupy a habitat
answer
Limiting factors
question
the maximum population size that a particular environment can sustain
answer
carrying capacity
question
occurs when the growth rate decreases as the population size approaches carrying capacity.
answer
Logistic population growth
question
species resources available in the habitat.
answer
The carrying capacity for a population varies, depending on the
question
environments where the population size is at or near carrying capacity
answer
Organisms exhibiting equilibrial life history patterns occur in
question
competition between individuals of the same species for the same limited resources.
answer
The logistic model is a description of infraspecific competition which is
question
is competition between individuals of the same species for the same limited resources.
answer
Intraspecific competition
question
is a population-limiting factor whose effects intensify as the population increases in density.
answer
density-dependent factor
question
accumulation of toxic wastes, limited food supply, limited territory.
answer
Density-dependent factors may include
question
mortality was high, births and deaths were equal
answer
From 2,000 to 500 years ago (in 1500),
question
Currently, In the most developed nations, the overall growth rates are near zero. In the developing world, death rates have dropped and high birth rates persist.
answer
More recently, human population growth has been exponential
