chapter 19 med term review – Flashcards
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Densely packed; overgrown with fibrous tissu
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scirrhous
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Forming small finger-like or nipple-like projections of cells
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papillary
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Pertaining to large, soft, fleshy tumors Answer 1
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medullary
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Spreading evenly through the affected tissues Answer 1
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diffuse
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Composed of a variety of cell types Answer 1
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pleomorphic
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Resembling a wart-like growth Answer 1
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verucous
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Small, repeated doses of radiation Answer 1
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fractionation
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Implantation of radioactive seeds directly into the tumor
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brachytherapy
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Adding drugs early in the course of treatment to hasten or assist primary treatment in attacking cancer cells
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adjuvant therapy
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Use of two or more antitumor drugs together Answer 1
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combination therapy
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Forming multiple areas of tightly packed clusters of cells
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nodular
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A ________ biopsy is the aspiration of a core of tissue for microscopic examination.
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needle
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A ________ scan consists of pictures taken of organs after injection of radioactive substances.
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radionuclide
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A ________oma is a solid tumor derived from epithelial tissue.
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carcinoma
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Cancerous tumors are divided into broad groups on the basis of the particular type of tissue from which the tumor cells arise; this is called:
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histogenesis
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Characteristically, a tumor that multiplies rapidly, is undifferentiated and invasive, and can metastasize is a ________ tumor.
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malignant
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Connective tissue tumors usually require large doses of radiation to destroy the tumor cells; this type of tumor is called:
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radio resistant
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Drugs, such as cisplatin and 5-FU (5-fluorouracil), that sensitize tumors and normal tissue to radiation to improve the outcome of treatment are called:
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radio sensitizers
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What is the proper spelling for the medical term that refers to the wasting of the body due to severe chronic illness?
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cachexia
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Mr. Gerald was diagnosed with small cell lung cancer. His oncologist recommended combination chemotherapy as the modality, or method, of treatment, which would be given according to a written plan, or a:
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protocol
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Mr. Rukcic was diagnosed with gastric ________, a cancerous tumor arising from glandular cells lining the stomach.
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adenocarcinoma
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Mr. Skarda was started on interferon to stimulate his immune system. Interferon, which is produced by normal cells, uses the body's own defense mechanism to fight tumor cells. Therefore, it is called:
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biologic response modifier
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Mrs. Henry, postmenopausal, underwent a modified radical mastectomy for stage II cancer. After the estradiol receptor assay results returned, she was started on Tamoxifen. The purpose of the estradiol receptor assay is to:
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measure the concentration of estrogen receptor sites on tumor cells
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Mrs. Lei had a repeat Pap smear. A Pap smear is an example of a clinical procedure called:
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exfoliative cytology
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Ms. Golightly was diagnosed with breast cancer. The tumor was removed along with a large area of surrounding tissue and lymph nodes. This type of surgical procedure is called ________ resection.
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en bloc
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________, or the freezing and destruction of malignant tissue, was used to treat Mr. Seiger's prostate cancer.
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cryosurgery
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Pieces of DNA that can cause normal cells to become malignant if activated by mutations are called:
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oncogenes
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________plasia means reversion to a more primitive cell type.
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anaplasia
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Retino________, a tumor of the retina of the eye, is an example of a known inherited cancer caused by transmission of defective DNA, which is the abbreviation for ________.
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blastoma, deoxyribonucleic acid
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The aspiration of a small amount of bone marrow tissue for microscopic evidence of cancerous cells is called a(n) ________ biopsy.
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bone marrow
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he combining form follicul/o means:
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small glandular sacs
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The combining form ple/o means:
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many
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The combining form cyst/o means:
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sac of fluid
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The degree of a tumor's maturity or microscopic differentiation is called its:
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grade
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The degree of a tumor's maturity or microscopic differentiation is called its:
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away or off
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vThe removal of a tumor and a margin of normal tissue for diagnosis and possible small tumor cure is called a(n) ________ biopsy.
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excision biopsy
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The results of Mrs. Lei's Pap smear were severe dysplasia, carcinoma in situ. This microscopic description of the Pap smear shows:
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highly abnormal but localized tumor cells
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Tony, age 28, re-entered the hospital for high-dose chemotherapy and a bone marrow transplant for his leukemia. Bone marrow had been harvested from Tony after his first hospitalization in which he achieved complete remission. This type of bone marrow transplant is called:
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autologous
