Chapter 19: Coronary Heart Disease and Hypertension – Flashcards
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1. The underlying pathologic process in coronary heart disease appears to be
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fibrous plaques in coronary vessels.
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2. The underlying pathologic process in coronary heart disease is known as
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atherosclerosis.
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3. An infarct in a major artery supplying the brain results in
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a cerebrovascular accident.
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4. A localized area of dying or dead tissue is called a(n)
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infart
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5. A risk factor for coronary heart disease that cannot be controlled is
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family
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6. Protection against coronary heart disease is associated with a high-density lipoprotein (HDL) value of at least _____ mg/dL.
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60
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7. The lipoprotein with the highest lipid content is
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very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL).
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8. The function of lipoproteins is to carry
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fat and cholesterol to the cells for energy and metabolism.
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9. Hypertension is called the "silent disease" because
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no sign
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10. Nutrition therapy for hypertension includes
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reduced sodium intake and control, increased calcium and magnesium intake, and adequate potassium intake.
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11. Two general principles of diet therapy for coronary heart disease and lipid disorders are to
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reduce total fat intake and substitute unsaturated fats for some saturated fats.
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12. Dietary modifications during the first 24 to 48 hours after myocardial infarction include
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reducing energy intake.
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13. Congestive heart failure results in
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difficultly breathing
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14. The Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes (TLC) diet recommends limiting daily cholesterol intake to no more than _____ mg.
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200
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15. The type of fat that should be in the diet in the greatest proportion is
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monounsaturated.
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16. The nutrition therapy for congestive heart failure may include restricting what type of food?
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Salted potato chips
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17. The cause of essential hypertension is
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unknown
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18. For a patient who comes to the clinic, hypertension is indicated by a blood pressure reading greater than _____ mm Hg.
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140/90
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19. The diagnosis of stages 1, 2, and 3 hypertension is based on the _____ blood pressure.
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systolic and diastolic
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20. The main source of dietary sodium is
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common table salt.
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21. A diet that restricts sodium intake to 2 g/day is considered a _____ restriction.
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mild
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22. A rich source of potassium is provided by
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fresh orange
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23. Hypertension is common in some ethnic groups, including
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African Americans.
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24. The best way to control coronary heart disease is
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to develop a heart-healthy lifestyle during childhood.
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25. Examples of foods high in soluble dietary fiber are
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oat bran and legumes.
