Chapter 18: The Victorians Make the Modern – Flashcards
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Which figure was a major proponent of commercial domesticity in the nineteenth century?
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P.T. Barnum
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How did the large department stores of the nineteenth century attract middle-class women patrons?
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They offered tearooms and attentive services.
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How did working-class women gain access to the fine department stores in the United States in the nineteenth century?
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Working-class women gained access as clerks, cashiers, and store messengers.
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Which of the following describes the consumer culture that emerged in the late-nineteenth and early twentieth-century?
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Modern and innovative
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Which late-nineteenth-century U.S. Supreme Court rulings settled the question of African American's access to first-class seats on American railroad cars until the 1950s?
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Plessy v. Ferguson
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Which of the following phenomena spurred changes in Americans' understanding of masculinity in the late nineteenth century?
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Urban life and work
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The growth of the YMCA in the late-nineteenth-century American cities resulted from which of the following factors?
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The YMCA prompted "muscular Christianity" for white-collar workers.
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By the early 1900s, many business leaders encouraged their male workers to participate in sports to?
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Adjust to the demands of the industrial clock.
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Which of the following sports was invented by YMCA instructors in the 1890s?
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Basketball
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How did baseball become America's most popular game?
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Professional teams were started in dozens of cities as part of the National League.
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Which of the following was a reason American businesses embraced baseball in the late nineteenth century?
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The game was a wholesome way to promote discipline and teamwork.
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Which sport was the most controversial in the late 1800s?
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College football.
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The Gibson Girl of the 1890s personified which of the following female images?
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The middle-class "new woman"- public spirited and athletic.
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In which of the following athletic activities were elite women in their twenties likely to participate?
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Tennis.
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As the United Stated industrialized, the outdoors lost its association with danger and hard work and became newly associated with?
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Renewal.
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Which of the following acts, clubs, or society is match correctly?
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Sierra Club- founded by John Muir to preserve the environment
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Which of the following statements characterizes urban leisure in post- Civil War America?
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Leisure became a commercial commodity enjoyed outside the home.
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Elizabeth Cady Stanton's speech to Congress in 1892 on the "solitude of self" referred to the?
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importance of women's autonomy in modern society.
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Which of the following statements characterizes family life in the late 1800s?
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Family size continued its steady decline because middle-class children in cities were not needed for work.
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The typical American middle-class household in 1900 consisted of husband, wife, and how many additional family members?
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Three children.
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Which of the following was true for middle-class families in the late nineteenth century?
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Smaller family sizes allowed parents to focus their resources and increase their social mobility.
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The Comstock Act took effect in 1873 and?
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Prohibited the circulation of any information about sex and birth control.
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Which of the following statements characterizes changes in the lives of middle-class American children in the last decades of the nineteenth century?
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A high school education became more common.
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Why did the rate of college attendance quadruple between the 1880s and the 1920s?
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The public university system expanded.
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Which of the following statements summarizes Booker T. Washington's approach to racial change in the United States?
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He promoted industrial education for blacks as a strategy for lessening white prejudice.
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Between 1880 and 1920, higher education for women was?
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Mostly at single-sex institutions in the Northeast and South.
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Which of the following describes the Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) in the late nineteenth century?
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It supported woman suffrage as a tool that could challenge the liquor interest.
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The Women's Christian Temperance Movement (WCTU) was the first national movement to?
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Identify and fight against domestic violence.
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Which of the following groups would have been unlikely to support prohibition in the late nineteenth century?
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German immigrants.
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In 1880s, the Women's Christian Temperance Movement (WCTU) controversially threw its support behind the?
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Prohibition Party.
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Which region of the United States had responded to the women's voting rights movement by 1900?
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West.
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The National Association of Colored Women was effective in its efforts to improve the life of African Americans because it?
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Focused its attention on community issues such as public health.
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Why was the United Daughters of the Confederacy founded in 1894?
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To promote the "Lost Cause" of the South in the Civil War.
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What did the term petticoat rule mean when it was used by antisuffragists in the early twentieth century?
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If granted the right to vote, women might cancel husband's votes.
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The Heterodoxy Club, founded in Greenwich Village in 1912, was open to any woman who pledged?
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Not to be orthodox in her opinions.
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In the late nineteenth century, Social Darwinists, such as William Graham Sumner, believed that?
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Millionaires were the fittest Americans.
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Which of these concepts followed directly from the philosophy of Social Darwinism?
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Eugenics laws
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Which of the following statements describes Charles Darwin's theories as presented in his book, On the Origin of Species?
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Animals and plants adapt to better suit their environment through natural selection.
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Which of the following authors rejected romanticism and Victorian sentimentality in their works?
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Stephen Crane.
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Which of the following authors is correctly matched with one of his works?
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Mark Twain—A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court.
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Which of the following is the correct chronological order of the literary movements in the United States during the late 1800s and early 1900s?
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Romanticism, realism, naturalism, modernism.
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Realism and modernism had which of the following characteristics in common?
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Both forms emphasized virility and masculinity.
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In the late nineteenth century, the American Catholic hierarchy was dominated by
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Irish Americans.
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Which of the following is true of religion in the city at the turn of the twentieth century?
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The Catholic Church incorporated ethnic differences in urban areas.
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In the late nineteenth century, many native-born, prosperous American Jews embraced?
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Reform Judaism.
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By 1916, which of the following religious groups had increased immensely in the United States because of immigration?
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Catholics.
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Of the nine thousand overseas Protestant missionaries in 1915, the largest percentage of them served in?
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Asia.
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Iowans created the American Protective Organization in 1887 to?
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Oppose the influence of Catholics in the United States.
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Protestant churches that espoused the Social Gospel?
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Taught that Christians should fight for social justice and the public welfare.
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The urban revivalism of Billy Sunday represented?
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The fundamentalism movement.
