Chapter 18 – Leadership – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Are leaders born or made?
answer
BOTH
question
Why are leaders both born & made?
answer
there are some innate traits, but anyone can develop the traits
question
What are the 5 types of leadership power?
answer
legitimate reward coercive expert referent
question
Do all leaders have power?
answer
yes
question
What is legitimate power?
answer
a leader who carries a title & has given authority
question
What is reward power?
answer
the power to provide reward
question
What is coercive power?
answer
the power to punish
question
What is expert power?
answer
someone who has experience
question
what is referent power?
answer
someone has a connection to the people, and the people want that person to lead them
question
What are the most effective types of leadership power?
answer
expert & referent
question
What has happened to most U.S. corporations today in terms of leadership?
answer
they are over-managed and under-led
question
What type of focus does management have?
answer
short-term
question
What type of focus does leadership have?
answer
long-term
question
Which is more important: leadership or management?
answer
Both are important
question
Can people be good at both?
answer
they can be, but normally people are better at one than the other
question
What is the difference between management & leadership? (LEADERSHIP)
answer
coping with change motivating people setting a direction (vision & strategy) long term orientation transcends position
question
What is the difference between management & leadership? (MANAGEMENT)
answer
oping with complexity controlling & problem solving planning & budgeting short term orientation position limited, reward & punishment
question
What are the 3 types of leadership according to the continuum of leader behavior?
answer
autocratic participative laissez-faire
question
Autocratic leadership style has what type of authority?
answer
centralized
question
Autocratic leadership style does what to the work method?
answer
dictates
question
Autocratic leadership style makes what type of decisions?
answer
unilateral
question
Autocratic leadership style has what type of participation from employees?
answer
limited
question
Autocratic leadership style works for the long or short term?
answer
short term
question
When does autocratic leadership work best?
answer
crisis
question
Who uses the autocratic leadership method well?
answer
military
question
Management is about _____ ______ ______; leadership is about ______ the _______ ________.
answer
doing things right doing the right things
question
The in class pointing north exercise showed us what?
answer
experts frequently disagree
question
Does participative style of leadership involve employees in decision making?
answer
yes
question
Participative style of leadership does what with authority?
answer
delegates
question
How does participative style of leadership decide work methods and goals?
answer
with participation from employees
question
Does participative style of leadership use feedback?
answer
yes
question
What are the two subcategories of participative style of leadership?
answer
consultative democratic
question
What type of leadership style is laissez-faire?
answer
complete freedom to make decisions & decide on work methods
question
What companies use laissez-faire style of leadership?
answer
Google Valve
question
Is laissez-faire style of leadership effective?
answer
typically not
question
How can a company make sure laissez-faire style of leadership is effective?
answer
hire the right people
question
Why didn't trait theory last very long?
answer
too many traits, no one could agree hard to teach followers can have the same traits
question
What are some examples of traits that leaders were found to have?
answer
drive honesty & integrity intelligence desire to lead self-confidence job-relevant knowledge
question
What type of person does the great man theory describe?
answer
tall, dark & handsome
question
Why didn't the great man theory last long?
answer
females can be leaders too
question
When was trait theory prevalent?
answer
1950s
question
When was behavioral styles theory prevalent?
answer
late 1950s - early 1960s
question
Under what styles of leadership is quantity of work equal?
answer
authoritarian democratic
question
Under what style of leadership is quality of work and satisfaction higher?
answer
democratic
question
What does the model of leadership assume?
answer
no flexibility
question
What 2 types of leadership did the Ohio state study find?
answer
initiating structure (task facilitating) consideration (relationship building)
question
What is initiating structure?
answer
extent to which a leader defines and structures his or her role and the roles of employees to attain goals
question
What is consideration?
answer
extent to which a leader has job relationships characterized by mutual trust, respect for employees', ideas, and regard for their feelings?
question
What 2 types of leadership did the University of Michigan study find?
answer
employee oriented leader (relationship) production oriented leader (task)
question
What is an employee oriented leader?
answer
emphasizes interpersonal relations, takes a personal interest in the needs of employees, and accepts individual differenes
question
What is a production oriented leader?
answer
emphasizes technical or task aspects of a job, is concerned mainly with accomplishing tasks, and regards group members as a means to accomplishing goals
question
When was contingency theory prevalent?
answer
late 1970s - early 1980s
question
According to contingency theory, leadership effectiveness depends on a combination of what?
answer
leader the led situation
question
According to fiedler contingency leadership model, success depends on a proper match between what?
answer
leader's style of interacting with employees and the degree to which the situation gives control and influence to the leader
question
According to fiedler's contingency leadership model, what is the situational criteria?
answer
leader member relations task structure position power
question
What is the least-preferred coworker questionnaire used for?
answer
determine whether leader is task or relationship oriented
question
According to fiedler's contingency leadership model, what are the two types of leadership behavior?
answer
task relationship
question
Why is fiedler's contingency leadership model difficult to implement?
answer
hard to determine if a situation is favorable or unfavorable hard to just switch leaders
question
According to path-goal theory what is a leader's job?
answer
assist followers in attaining their goals and to provide the necessary direction and support (ie clear a way so people can get through)
question
Path-goal theory assumes that a leader is flexible or inflexible?
answer
flexible
question
Path-goal theory assumes that a leader can adapt to situations or nah?
answer
can adapt
question
According to path-goal theory, what are the environmental contingency factors?
answer
task structure formal authority system work group
question
According to path-goal theory, what are leader behaviors?
answer
directive supportive participative achievement oriented
question
According to path-goal theory, what are the employee contingency factors?
answer
locus of control experience perceived ability
question
According to path-goal theory, what are the outcomes?
answer
performance satisfaction
question
What does the leader-participation model do?
answer
provides a sequential set of rules for determining the form and amount of participation a leader should exercise in decision making according to different types of situations
question
The leadership-participation model assumes that a leader can adapt to situations or nah?
answer
can adapt
question
Situational leadership says that leader should adjust their leadership style in accordance with what?
answer
the readiness of their followers
question
According to situational leadership, what is readiness?
answer
follower's ability and willingness to perform a task
question
What is the big difference between path-goal leadership and situational leadership?
answer
situational leadership focusses on readiness
question
What do situational leadership leaders do if the followers aren't completely & totally ready?
answer
delegative
question
According to fiedler's contingency theory what is performance dictated by?
answer
matching inflexible leadership styles (task vs. relationship) with different scenarios
question
According to path-goal leadership theory, leaders are to help team members achieve goals by providing what?
answer
direction support goals
question
What does a visionary leader do?
answer
explain the vision to others express the vision not just verbally but through the leader's behavior extend the vision to different leadership
question
When was transformational style leadership prevalent?
answer
late 1980s - early 1990s
question
What does a transactional leader do?
answer
guide or motivates their followers toward established goals by clarifying role and task requirements (ie gets the task DONE)
question
What does a transformational leader do?
answer
inspire followers to transcend their own self-interests for the good of the organization and are capable of having a profound and extraordinary effect on followers (ie transcend boundaries, develop people, make people better)
question
Who was a transformational leader?
answer
MLK
question
When are transformational leaders needed?
answer
when you will never see the end of the job, the leader has to find another way to motivate and take a lot of care in communicating the vision (Duomo, Ulm Minster, St. John the Divine --- the builders never saw the finished product)
question
How does a transformational leader be a transformational leader?
answer
act like a leader - integrity with authenticity inspirational, optimistic, passionate servant leadership stimulate action
question
How are strong leader/follower relationships built?
answer
on trust
question
What is one of the great tasks of a leader?
answer
embrace the discomfort of change
question
What works here for a leader will work other places. Right? Why?
answer
umm. no. cultural differences
question
What type of motivation did Zander use in The Art of Possibility?
answer
intrinsic expectancy theory goal setting autonomy, mastery, purpose
question
What type of leadership did Zander use in The Art of Possibility?
answer
participative transformative path-goal
question
How did Zander use intrinsic motivation in The Art of Possibility??
answer
living into the A
question
How did Zander use participative leadership in The Art of Possibility??
answer
feedback
question
How did Zander use transformative leadership in The Art of Possibility??
answer
actively involved wanted peeps to be better off team ahead of indiv.
question
How did Zander use goal-path leadership in The Art of Possibility??
answer
identify goal, achievement, supportive
question
What does the marshmallow test test?
answer
Emotional Intelligence (EI)
question
What is EI?
answer
ability to manage ourselves & our relationships effectively through awareness of & effective response to our emotions
question
Can EQ change?
answer
yes
question
Can IQ change?
answer
yes but pretty well set
question
How much does EI contribute to leader competencies?
answer
80-90%
question
What are EQ Competencies: Personal Competence/What I See?
answer
self awareness
question
What does self awareness include?
answer
emotional self awareness accurate self assessment self-confidence
question
What are EQ Competencies: personal competence/what I do?
answer
self management
question
What does self management include?
answer
emotional self-control trustworthiness adoptability achievement orientation initiative optimism
question
What are EQ Competencies: social competence/what I see?
answer
social awareness
question
What does social awareness include?
answer
empathy organizational awareness service orientation
question
What are EQ Competencies: social competence/what I do?
answer
relationship management
question
What does relationship management include?
answer
inspirational leadership influence developing others change catalyst conflict management building bonds teamwork/collaboration
question
Are men or women more socially aware?
answer
both socially aware, men move faster to the action stage while women show more empathy
question
Low EQ + Low IQ =
answer
incompetent jerks
question
Low EQ + High IQ
answer
competent jerks
question
High EQ + Low IQ
answer
lovable fools
question
High EQ + High IQ
answer
lovable stars
question
People with informal leadership normally use what type of leadership?
answer
referent expert
question
How can you change your EQ?
answer
identify weak areas determine what behaviors you should be doing
