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Think tanks do all of the following except

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Avoid attachments to universities

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By foreign policy, we mean

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the nation's external goals and the techniques and strategies to achieve them

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Diplomacy refers to

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the settling of disputes and conflicts among nations by peaceful methods

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Assistance to other nations in the form of grants, loans or credits on products is called

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economic aid

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Diplomacy failed before

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the First Gulf War

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The _____ is/are the most successful example of US diplomacy to encourage peace in the Middle East

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Camp David Accords

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A policy of abstaining from an active role in international affairs or alliances, which characterized US foreign policy toward Europe during most of the 1800s, is known as

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isolationist foreign policy

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The Monroe Doctrine was an example of

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isolationist foreign policy

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The sending of experts with technical skills to aid other nations is called

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technical assistance

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The National Security Council (NSC) is

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an advisory body to the president on foreign policy matters

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The set of policies having to do with the US armed forces is called

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defense policy

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Foreign and domestic policy designed to protect the nation's independence and political and economic integrity is known as

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national security policy

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National security policy is

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foreign and domestic policy designed to protect the nation's independence and political and economic integrity

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Policy that is concerned with the safety and defense of the nation is known as

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national security policy

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National security policy is a

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policy that is concerned with the safety and defense of the nation

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The steps by which foreign policy goals are decided and acted on is known as

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the foreign policy process

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Moral idealism is a philosophy that

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sees nations as normally willing to cooperate and agree on moral standards for conduct

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Political realism is a philosophy that

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sees each nation as acting in its own interest regardless of moral considerations

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A major determinant of US foreign policy in the formative years was

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that the US was very weak militarily

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During the 1800s, the United States generally

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stayed out of European conflicts and politics but pursued an expansionist policy in this hemisphere

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The Monroe Doctrine stated that

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European nations must not establish new colonies in the western hemisphere or intervene in the affairs of the western hemisphere

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The US policy that stated that European nations must not establish new colonies in the western hemisphere or intervene in the affairs of the western hemisphere is known as the

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Monroe Doctrine

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United States foreign policy toward Europe during most of 1800s was

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isolationist

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America obtained which of the following possessions as a result of the Spanish-American War

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The Philippines and Puerto Rico

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After World War I, the United States returned to a state of "normalcy" in foreign policy, which meant

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a reduction in military forces, defense spending, and a return to isolationism

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American isolationism

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came to an end with the bombing of the US naval base at Pearl Harbor

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The United States was the only major country to emerge from World War II with

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nuclear weapons

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The Soviet bloc

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consisted of the Soviet Union and eastern European countries with Communist regimes

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The cold War

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was the political, ideological and economic confrontation between the Soviet Union and the United States after World War II

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The doctrine of containment set forth by George F. Kennan stated that

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the United States should seek to contain communist power within existing boundaries

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During the Cold War, there was

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no direct military conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union

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All of the following are true about the War in Vietnam except

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the United States assumed the role of supporting South Vietnam because Britain was no longer up to the task

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The French word detente means

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a relaxation of tensions

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The policy of detente with the Soviet Union was developed by

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President Nixon and his secretary of state Henry Kissinger

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Russian President Vladimir Putin

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would face popular discontent without the huge revenues produced by Russian oil supplies

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The policy adopted in 1947 to halt Communist expansion in southeastern Europe is known as the

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Truman Doctrine

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The Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT I) was agreed to in 1972 in order to

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stabilize the nuclear arms competition between the United States and the Soviet Union

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The term used to describe the division of Europe between the Soviet bloc and the West is known as

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the Iron Curtain

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Following the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, the

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Soviet Union was divided into a number of states known as the Russian Federation

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As a result of planning for the post-Cold War world, the American military was downsized by _____ between 1990 and 2001

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one-third

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Russia faces a problem of terrorism resulting from

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demands for independence by Chechnya

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Goals of the al Qaeda terrorist network have apparently included

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getting US forces out of Saudi Arabia

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in 2002, President George W. Bush enunciated a new foreign policy doctrine that held, in part, that

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the United States was prepared to wage preemptive war against perceived threats with or without allies

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Saddam Hussein's annexation of Kuwait in 1990

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was the most clear-cut case of aggression against an independent state in half a century

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George W. Bush described the following three nations as an "axis of evil"

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Iraq, Iran, and North Korea

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During the Second Gulf War in 2003, the Iraqi army

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disbanded itself and went home

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Sunnis and Shiites

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are two branches of the religion of Islam with somewhat different beliefs and traditions

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A majority of the population of Iraq is

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Shiite Arab

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It is believed that _____ is supporting the insurgency in Iraq

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Iran

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Nuclear proliferation became an even greater issue than before in 1998 when _____ detonated nuclear devices

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India and Pakistan

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Today, for the United States, the greatest concern resulting from nuclear proliferation is that

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nuclear devices could fall into the hands of terrorists

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If America has granted another nation Normal Trade Relations (NTR) status,

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we must treat the trade of that nation as well as we treat the trade of the country that receives most favorable treatment

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All of the following have been sources of tension between China and America except

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China's failure to offer support to America immediately following the events of 9/11

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The internationally recognized solution to the Israeli-Palestinian dispute is that

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Isreal yields the West Bank and Gaza strip to the Palestinians in return for security guarantees and Palestinian abandonment of any right of return to Israel proper

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In January 2006, _____ won a majority of the seats in the Palestinian legislature, and alarming development since it has called for the destruction of Israel

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the militant group Hamas

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In the summer of 2006, Israel went to war with _____ in Lebanon

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the militant group Hezbollah

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During the early 2000, AIDS spread throughout _____, infecting millions of adults, leaving orphaned children, and devastating the economies of numerous nations

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Southern Africa

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Presidents have been largely successful in getting treaties

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through the Senate

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Since World War II executive agreements have

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accounted for almost 95 percent of the understandings reached between the United States and other nations

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The state department is

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the executive agency that is most directly concerned with foreign affairs

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One of the problems for the State Department domesticall is that

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it has only "negative constituents" citizens who oppose the government's policies

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Citizens who openly oppose the government's policies are known as

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negative constituents

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Which of the following is not a member of the National Security Council

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The Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation

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The government agencies that are involved in gathering information about the capabilites and intentions of foreign governments are known as

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the intelligence community

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_____ served in the first term of George W. Bush as National Security Advisor and in the second term as Secretary of State

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Condoleezza Rice

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The intelligence community includes all of the following except

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Department of Defense

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The Department of Defense

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is larger than any other federal department

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The government agencies that gather information about the capabilites and intentions of foreign governments or that engage in covert actions are known as the

answer

intelligence community

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One of the major outcomes of the Vietnam War was

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a new interest in the balance of power between Congress and the president on foreign policy questions

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In 1973, Congress passed the War Powers Act, which

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limited the president's use of troops in military action without congressional approval

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The attentive public refers to

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that proportion of the general public that pays attention to policy issues

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The military-industrial complex

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was something that President Eisenhower warned of in a speech when leaving office

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China currently produces

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more steel than the United States and Japan combined

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Only four members of the 107th Congress

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had children in one of the military services

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More than _____ people in Darfur have died since 2003, as a direct result of the Sudanese government's actions to displace an entire population

answer

200,000

Chapter 18 – Foreign Policy and National Security – Flashcards

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