Chapter 18 APUSH – Flashcards
21 test answers
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What gave tribes a margin of survival unknown in the East?
answer
geographic isolation
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After the Civil war where did the majority of the Indians live?
answer
in the trans Mississippi West/ the great plains
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legally the federal government had long regarded Indian tribes as what?
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autonomous nations residing within American boundaries and had negotiated numerous treaties with them over land rights and commerce
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US Congress passed the Indian Removal Act of 1830 which did what?
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provided funds to relocate all Eastern tribes by force if necessary
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The Cherokee Indians challenged the Indian Removal Act of 1830 with what supreme court case?
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Cherokee Nation v. Georgia where they ruled in favor of the Cherokee's but president Jackson ignored them
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How did the government open the Kansas and Nebraska Territories for the white settlement in 1854?
answer
the federal government simply abolished the northern half of Indian Territory
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What was the plan to subdue the intensifying rivalry between NA and white settlers?
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individual tribes would agree to live within clearly defined zones (reservations) and in exchange the Bureau of Indian Affairs would provide guidance, while the US military ensured protection
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What did the reservation policy reflect ?
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the vision of many "Friends of the Indian" who were educators and Protestant missionaries who aspired to "civilize the savage"
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What is the Medicine Lodge Treaty of 1867?
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assigned reservations in existing Indian Territory to 8 tribes
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A group of quakers appointed by Ulysses S. Grant attempted to do what?
answer
mediate difference among the tribes of the Medicine Lodge Treaty and supply the starving peoples with food and seed.
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what did officials of the Bureau of Indian Affairs routinely do?
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diverted funds for their own use and reduced food supplies, a policy promoting malnutrition, demoralization, and desperation
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Why did Army commanders encourage the slaughter of the Buffalo?
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predicted that the starvation would break tribal resistance to the reservation system
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Because of the slaughter of the Buffalo and their food source basically destroyed diseases such as what swept the village?
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small pox and cholera
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In 1864 after terminating all treaties with tribes in eastern Colorado territorial governor John Evans encouraged what?
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a group of what civilians known as the Colorado Volunteers to stage raids through the Cheyenne Campgrounds
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Where did Chief Black Kettle bring his tribe for protection?
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US fort where they were ordered to set up camp at Sand Creek
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On November 29, 1864 the Colorado volunteers attacked even though what?
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Chief Black Kettle held up the US Flag and a what truce banner , they slaughter 105 women and children and 28 men
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How did the Indians retaliate from the sand creek massacre?
answer
burning civilian outposts and killing whole families
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