Chapter 15 Quiz Questions Answers – Flashcards

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question
Compare some of the results, both positive and negative, of deinstitutionalization.
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Deinstitutionalization created more freedom and choices for treatment, but it also created more homelessness and a population that did not receive the treatment it needed.
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Compare and contrast the roles of psychiatrists, counseling psychologists, and clinical psychologists.
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Psychiatrists typically use medicine to treat psychological disorders and counseling and clinical psychologists employ psychotherapy. Clinical and counseling psychologists are more similar than different in the way they research and treat psychological conditions.
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Mental health practitioners work in many settings. Some work in mental hospitals, medical centers that treat psychological conditions. Many more work in outpatient settings, which are outside of hospitals
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TRUE
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Psychoanalytic therapy is considered an insight-oriented therapy. What kind of insight does this therapy provide?
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Psychoanalytic therapies provide insight into problematic intrapsychic conflicts.
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Compare and contrast traditional psychoanalytic therapy and short-term psychodynamic therapy.
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Traditional psychoanalytic therapy is long term and more formal, whereas sort-term psychodynamic therapy is time limited and more casual in focus.
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Psychodynamic Therapy
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they are based on settling unconscious conflicts that are created in childhood
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Humanistic therapists seem to focus more on the therapeutic environment than the actual psychotherapy. Why do you suppose the client-centered approach focuses so much on the environment?
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Humanistic therapies attempt to active the actualizing tendency or the instinctual desire to be the best possible version of oneself. By providing the correct environment, the therapist releases this potential in the client.
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As a personality theory, humanism is based on the idea that all humans have an actualizing tendency, that is, an instinctual desire to be the best possible version of themselves. This is a client-centered approach powered by genuineness, acceptance, and ___________.
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empathy
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Outline a systematic desensitization behavioral treatment plan for a person who has a fear of flying.
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The behavioral treatment plan should include relaxation training, a hierarchy of fears, and paired exposure with relaxation.
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Classical Conditioning
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technique used to decouple problematic associations using counterconditioning techniques to attempt to extinguish behaviors
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Operant Conditioning
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technique used to attempt to increase the occurrence of behaviors and reduce the occurrence of others by using positive reinforcement
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Compare and contrast the cognitive therapy approaches of Aaron Beck and Albert Ellis.
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Both Beck and Ellis emphasize the importance of action and maladaptive thoughts. Ellis's approach is more directive and active, while Beck's approach is to encourage clients to test out their beliefs.
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Cognitive therapies suggest that the causes of psychological conditions are the results of maladaptive thoughts
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TRUE
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The systems approach is eclectic, meaning it integrates a broad range of intervention strategies, including psychodynamic, humanistic, behavioral and cognitive ones. Illustrate how a group therapy approach can be combined with a humanistic approach.
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The components of the client-centered approaches are genuineness, acceptance, and empathy. The therapist would help the members of the group to practice those components in the group.
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Family systems and group therapy approaches utilize___________ skills training and relationship education in an effort to open up the lines of communication
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communication
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A friend of yours has just returned from a psychiatrist and is confused. Even though your friend went with a presenting problem of anxiety, the doctor prescribed him Prozac, an antidepressant. Explain why this is not an unusual choice.
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Although called an antidepressant, Prozac is an SSRI that can also be used for chronic anxiety.
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Biomedical therapies focus on changing physiological problems that lead to psychological conditions using_______ treatments as well as surgical interventions.
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drug
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Summarize some of the cross-cutting factors thought to increase likelihood of effective psychotherapy.
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The better the quality of the therapeutic relationship, the better the outcomes such as genuineness and warmth. Client factors are important, too, such as supportive environments and client motivation.
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Identify the most accurate statement regarding the evaluation of therapies for psychological disorders
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Combining psychotherapy with drug therapy can be more affective than just using one alone
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Your friend just returned from a visit with a mental health practitioner. He said the person had a D.O. degree after her name and gave your friend a prescription for a medication for anxiety. Your friend can't remember the kind of practitioner. Based on this information the practitioner was most lik
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psychiatrist
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If a client comes in 20 minutes late to every session soon after the therapist has uncovered an important issue, this could be a sign of:
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resistance
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Which type of therapy is most like the one that Freud would have practiced?
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Psychoanalysis
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Client centered approaches are rooted in:
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creating an environment of genuineness, acceptance, and empathy
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What emotions do humanists explore most often?
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The emotions that arise naturally in therapy
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In the bell and pad treatment, the bell serves as a(n)
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unconditioned stimulus
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In systematic desensitization, each step of the hierarchy of fears is associated with:
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relaxation
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In cognitive therapy clients are taught to identify negative thoughts and then:
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question them
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Beck's Cognitive Therapy (CT) differs from Ellis' Rational Emotive Therapy RET) in that:
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RET is more directive and CT is more guiding
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Systems approaches will sometimes use genograms in order to:
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examine patterns of intrapsychic conflicts in the family
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SSRI work by:
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blocking the re-absorption of serotonin
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If a client takes the antipsychotic Haldol, which of the following symptoms is it most likely to help?
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Auditory Hallucination
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Which of the following is considered an advantage of a benzodiazepine like Xanax:
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benzodiazepines work quickly.
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If a client comes in with lots of anxiety it is likely that, on their own, the anxiety will decrease, because of the phenomena of __________.
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regression towards the mean
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Your friend, Emily, said that she's looking for a therapist to help with some personal struggles. Without knowing her specific condition, which type of psychotherapist would be best for her, according to the research?
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they are all equally as effective
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Jenny was instructed by her therapist to simply report any and all thoughts that came to mind. What technique was Jenny's therapist using?
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Free Association
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McKenzie's therapist is a __________ therapist who believes in Carl Rogers' idea that unconditional positive regard is an extremely important component of therapy.
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client-centered
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What do client-centered therapists emphasize the importance of in therapy?
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enabling clients to feel unconditionally accepted
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A therapist helps Jon overcome his intense and irrational fear of dogs by getting him to pet a puppy three times a day for two consecutive weeks. The therapist's approach to helping Jon best illustrates which of the following techniques?
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Exposure theory
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What would a cognitive therapist be most likely to say?
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"can you think of a more positive interpretation of what happened?"
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Researchers have sought to answer the question, "Does psychotherapy work?" Generally speaking, what does the answer seem to be?
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People in therapy improve more than people in control groups.
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The effectiveness of psychotherapy shows little if any connection to which of the following factors?
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the level of training and experience of the therapist
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Your therapist asks you to try to remember your dreams. He also encourages you to review incidents in early childhood. What "brand" of therapy is your therapist likely practicing?
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Psychoanalytic Theory
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An adult with an intellectual disability receives poker chips for making his bed, being on time for meals, and maintaining his physical appearance. He can exchange these poker chips for privileges, such as snacks and television viewing. What behavioral technique does this example illustrate?
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token economy
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What type of practice involves clinical decision making that integrates the best available evidence with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences?
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evidence-based
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