question

Compare some of the results, both positive and negative, of deinstitutionalization.

answer

Deinstitutionalization created more freedom and choices for treatment, but it also created more homelessness and a population that did not receive the treatment it needed.

question

Compare and contrast the roles of psychiatrists, counseling psychologists, and clinical psychologists.

answer

Psychiatrists typically use medicine to treat psychological disorders and counseling and clinical psychologists employ psychotherapy. Clinical and counseling psychologists are more similar than different in the way they research and treat psychological conditions.

question

Mental health practitioners work in many settings. Some work in mental hospitals, medical centers that treat psychological conditions. Many more work in outpatient settings, which are outside of hospitals

answer

TRUE

question

Psychoanalytic therapy is considered an insight-oriented therapy. What kind of insight does this therapy provide?

answer

Psychoanalytic therapies provide insight into problematic intrapsychic conflicts.

question

Compare and contrast traditional psychoanalytic therapy and short-term psychodynamic therapy.

answer

Traditional psychoanalytic therapy is long term and more formal, whereas sort-term psychodynamic therapy is time limited and more casual in focus.

question

Psychodynamic Therapy

answer

they are based on settling unconscious conflicts that are created in childhood

question

Humanistic therapists seem to focus more on the therapeutic environment than the actual psychotherapy. Why do you suppose the client-centered approach focuses so much on the environment?

answer

Humanistic therapies attempt to active the actualizing tendency or the instinctual desire to be the best possible version of oneself. By providing the correct environment, the therapist releases this potential in the client.

question

As a personality theory, humanism is based on the idea that all humans have an actualizing tendency, that is, an instinctual desire to be the best possible version of themselves. This is a client-centered approach powered by genuineness, acceptance, and ___________.

answer

empathy

question

Outline a systematic desensitization behavioral treatment plan for a person who has a fear of flying.

answer

The behavioral treatment plan should include relaxation training, a hierarchy of fears, and paired exposure with relaxation.

question

Classical Conditioning

answer

technique used to decouple problematic associations using counterconditioning techniques to attempt to extinguish behaviors

question

Operant Conditioning

answer

technique used to attempt to increase the occurrence of behaviors and reduce the occurrence of others by using positive reinforcement

question

Compare and contrast the cognitive therapy approaches of Aaron Beck and Albert Ellis.

answer

Both Beck and Ellis emphasize the importance of action and maladaptive thoughts. Ellis's approach is more directive and active, while Beck's approach is to encourage clients to test out their beliefs.

question

Cognitive therapies suggest that the causes of psychological conditions are the results of maladaptive thoughts

answer

TRUE

question

The systems approach is eclectic, meaning it integrates a broad range of intervention strategies, including psychodynamic, humanistic, behavioral and cognitive ones. Illustrate how a group therapy approach can be combined with a humanistic approach.

answer

The components of the client-centered approaches are genuineness, acceptance, and empathy. The therapist would help the members of the group to practice those components in the group.

question

Family systems and group therapy approaches utilize___________ skills training and relationship education in an effort to open up the lines of communication

answer

communication

question

A friend of yours has just returned from a psychiatrist and is confused. Even though your friend went with a presenting problem of anxiety, the doctor prescribed him Prozac, an antidepressant. Explain why this is not an unusual choice.

answer

Although called an antidepressant, Prozac is an SSRI that can also be used for chronic anxiety.

question

Biomedical therapies focus on changing physiological problems that lead to psychological conditions using_______ treatments as well as surgical interventions.

answer

drug

question

Summarize some of the cross-cutting factors thought to increase likelihood of effective psychotherapy.

answer

The better the quality of the therapeutic relationship, the better the outcomes such as genuineness and warmth. Client factors are important, too, such as supportive environments and client motivation.

question

Identify the most accurate statement regarding the evaluation of therapies for psychological disorders

answer

Combining psychotherapy with drug therapy can be more affective than just using one alone

question

Your friend just returned from a visit with a mental health practitioner. He said the person had a D.O. degree after her name and gave your friend a prescription for a medication for anxiety. Your friend can't remember the kind of practitioner. Based on this information the practitioner was most lik

answer

psychiatrist

question

If a client comes in 20 minutes late to every session soon after the therapist has uncovered an important issue, this could be a sign of:

answer

resistance

question

Which type of therapy is most like the one that Freud would have practiced?

answer

Psychoanalysis

question

Client centered approaches are rooted in:

answer

creating an environment of genuineness, acceptance, and empathy

question

What emotions do humanists explore most often?

answer

The emotions that arise naturally in therapy

question

In the bell and pad treatment, the bell serves as a(n)

answer

unconditioned stimulus

question

In systematic desensitization, each step of the hierarchy of fears is associated with:

answer

relaxation

question

In cognitive therapy clients are taught to identify negative thoughts and then:

answer

question them

question

Beck's Cognitive Therapy (CT) differs from Ellis' Rational Emotive Therapy RET) in that:

answer

RET is more directive and CT is more guiding

question

Systems approaches will sometimes use genograms in order to:

answer

examine patterns of intrapsychic conflicts in the family

question

SSRI work by:

answer

blocking the re-absorption of serotonin

question

If a client takes the antipsychotic Haldol, which of the following symptoms is it most likely to help?

answer

Auditory Hallucination

question

Which of the following is considered an advantage of a benzodiazepine like Xanax:

answer

benzodiazepines work quickly.

question

If a client comes in with lots of anxiety it is likely that, on their own, the anxiety will decrease, because of the phenomena of __________.

answer

regression towards the mean

question

Your friend, Emily, said that she's looking for a therapist to help with some personal struggles. Without knowing her specific condition, which type of psychotherapist would be best for her, according to the research?

answer

they are all equally as effective

question

Jenny was instructed by her therapist to simply report any and all thoughts that came to mind. What technique was Jenny's therapist using?

answer

Free Association

question

McKenzie's therapist is a __________ therapist who believes in Carl Rogers' idea that unconditional positive regard is an extremely important component of therapy.

answer

client-centered

question

What do client-centered therapists emphasize the importance of in therapy?

answer

enabling clients to feel unconditionally accepted

question

A therapist helps Jon overcome his intense and irrational fear of dogs by getting him to pet a puppy three times a day for two consecutive weeks. The therapist's approach to helping Jon best illustrates which of the following techniques?

answer

Exposure theory

question

What would a cognitive therapist be most likely to say?

answer

"can you think of a more positive interpretation of what happened?"

question

Researchers have sought to answer the question, "Does psychotherapy work?" Generally speaking, what does the answer seem to be?

answer

People in therapy improve more than people in control groups.

question

The effectiveness of psychotherapy shows little if any connection to which of the following factors?

answer

the level of training and experience of the therapist

question

Your therapist asks you to try to remember your dreams. He also encourages you to review incidents in early childhood. What "brand" of therapy is your therapist likely practicing?

answer

Psychoanalytic Theory

question

An adult with an intellectual disability receives poker chips for making his bed, being on time for meals, and maintaining his physical appearance. He can exchange these poker chips for privileges, such as snacks and television viewing. What behavioral technique does this example illustrate?

answer

token economy

question

What type of practice involves clinical decision making that integrates the best available evidence with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences?

answer

evidence-based

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