Chapter 15 Psychology 118 Lifespan – Flashcards

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Which of the following either remains unchanged or increases into midlife? (page 416)
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Factual knowledge
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Research suggests that __________ contributes broadly to declines in cognitive functioning. (page 415)
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Processing speed
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Expertise (page 418)
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Is under way in early adulthood and reaches its height in midlife.
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Mature-age men in colleges and universities tend to __________ than mature-age women. (page 419)
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graduate more quickly
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According to the Seattle Longitudinal Study, adults are more likely to maintain their _________ skills than their ________ skills. (page 414)
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Crystalized; fluid
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Negative stereotypes of aging are (page 412)
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More likely to be applied to women than to men.
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Current evidence pinpoints __________ as a "toxic" ingredient of the Type A behavior pattern. (page 409)
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Hostility
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More than two decades of longitudinal findings reveal that, compared with freely eating controls, calorie-restricted monkeys (page 404)
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Seem better able to withstand infectious disease.
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The ability to sustain two tasks at once when at least one of the tasks is complex (page 415)
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Becomes more challenging with age.
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Longitudinal research suggests that adults who effectively reduce stress (page 410)
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More flexibly between problem-centered and emotion-centered coping techniques.
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Research about U.S. women's reactions to menopause reveals that (page 405-406)
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African-American women rarely speak of menopause in terms of physical aging.
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Creativity in middle adulthood is (page 418)
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Deliberately thoughtful.
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If Sam is like 60 percent of adult learners, Sam is (page 419)
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A women
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Marta, age 67, is taking hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Marta (page 405)
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Has an elevated risk of Alzheimer's disease.
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Jemma, age 45, is happily married. Which of the following statements is probably true? (page 407)
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The intensity of her sexual response will diminish.
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Tom is a professional actor. As he approaches midlife, Tom will probably __________ to memorize his lines. (page 417)
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Focus on the meaning of the words.
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Dion expresses himself articulately at a press conference and suggests effective ways for the local school district to save money in budget planning. Dion is making use of __________ intelligence. (page 413)
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Crystallized
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In U.S. colleges and universities today, _____ percent of students are age 25 and older. (page 419)
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39
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__________ allows clots to form within the heart's chambers, which may break loose and travel to the brain. (page 408)
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Arrhythmia
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__________ are more than twice as likely as __________ to develop heart disease. (page 409)
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People with the Type A behavior pattern; people with the Type B behavior pattern
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As we age, the __________ becomes less firmly attached to the __________, leading the skin to wrinkle. (page 402-403)
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Epidermis; dermis
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The eye rapidly becomes more __________ between ages __________. (page 402)
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Farsighted; 40 and 60
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Nearly _____ percent of U.S. middle-aged adults are sedentary. (page 411)
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70
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Among North American, European, and East Asian women, menopause occurs, on average, in the _______________, thought the age range extends about twenty years. (page 403)
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Early fifties
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__________ of individuals affected with cancer are cured. (page 408)
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Nearly 60 percent
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Carolyn, a 53-year-old going through a divorce, should know that __________ can limit the age-related rise in illness and, when disease strikes, reduce its severity. (page 410)
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Stress management
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__________, is most likely to develop heart disease. (page 409)
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Jonathan, who is prone to frequent angry outbursts and disagreeable behavior
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As a happily married couple in their late fifties, Lewis and Candace will likely experience a(n) __________ due to physical changes of the climacteric. (page 407)
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Decline in the intensity of sexual response
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Valerie is a stage actress. When learning her lines, instead of engaging in verbal memorization, Valerie depends on __________, a technique that also helps enhance memory in middle-aged adults. (page 417)
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Intermodal processing
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As a nontraditional student, Oscar would most likely (page 419)
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Desire help in choosing the most appropriate classes.
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Findings show that __________ is a weak predictor of the skill with which older adults perform complex, familiar tasks in everyday life, which they continue to do with considerable proficiency. (page 415)
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Processing speed
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On reaction-time tasks, older adults (page 415)
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Become more disadvantaged as tasks increase in complexity.
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The information-loss view explains the __________ in middle age by suggesting that older adults lose information with each step of thinking. (page 415)
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Slowdown of cognitive processing.
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Some recent surveys on the double standard of gender and aging reveal that (page 412)
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The double standard is declining as attitudes toward middle age change.
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Creativity in middle adulthood frequently reflects a transition from __________ to __________ (page 418)
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An egocentric concern with self-expression; more altruistic goals.
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Longitudinal research reveals that (page 407)
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Frequency of sexual activity among married couples typically declines slightly in middle adulthood.
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The period leading up to and following menopause is often accompanied by (page 405)
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Mood fluctuations
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The first sign of presbycusis is (page 402)
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Hearing loss at high frequencies
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Which of the following indicators of cardiovascular disease is referred to as a "silent killer"? (page 408)
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Atherosclerosis - a buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries
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Which of the following Type A behaviors predicts heart disease and other health problems? (page 409)
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Hostility
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__________ is/are the leading cause of U.S. deaths in both men and women during middle adulthood. (page 407)
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Cancer
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Nontraditional students rarely require assistance with (page 419)
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Settling on career goals
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When Kathy and her husband divorced after 25 years of marriage, Kathy felt depressed and overwhelmed by life changes. To get through this difficult time, she began to meditate, write in a journal, and take long, solitary walks. Kathy's behavior is an example of __________ coping. (page 410)
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Emotion-centered
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Rico is an overweight adult living in a low-SES neighborhood. Which of the following barriers would Rico most likely face when starting an exercise routine? (page 411)
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Inconvenient access to facilities
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Donna, a college professor, prepares for lectures by reviewing major points she wants to make before class. Donna is relying on __________ to maximize her memory. (page 416)
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Metacognitive knowledge
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Research shows that adults who effectively reduce stress (page 410)
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Move flexibly between problem-centered and emotion-centered coping techniques.
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Evidence from fMRI research indicates that deeply processing verbal meanings strongly activates certain areas in the __________ in middle-aged adults, restoring them to patterns close to those of young adults. (page 417)
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Frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex
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More than twenty experiments revealed that hormone therapy causes an increase in __________, among other conditions. (page 405)
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Heart attacks
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Many cross-sectional studies show that __________ increases steadily through middle adulthood, whereas __________ begins to decline in the twenties. (page 413)
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Crystallized intelligence; fluid intelligence.
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Which of the following abilities decreases steadily from the twenties to the late eighties? (page 414)
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Perceptual speed
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Researchers have identified __________ as the personal qualities that compose hardiness. (page 411)
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Control, commitment, and challenge
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The most important factor in the success of returning students is (page 419)
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Social supports
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Which of the following treatments can help to prevent osteoporosis? (page 409)
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A diet enriched with calcium and vitamin D
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__________ is/are the leading cause of U.S. deaths in both men and women during middle adulthood. (page 407)
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Cancer
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