Chapter 15 Psychology 118 Lifespan – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Which of the following either remains unchanged or increases into midlife? (page 416)
answer
Factual knowledge
question
Research suggests that __________ contributes broadly to declines in cognitive functioning. (page 415)
answer
Processing speed
question
Expertise (page 418)
answer
Is under way in early adulthood and reaches its height in midlife.
question
Mature-age men in colleges and universities tend to __________ than mature-age women. (page 419)
answer
graduate more quickly
question
According to the Seattle Longitudinal Study, adults are more likely to maintain their _________ skills than their ________ skills. (page 414)
answer
Crystalized; fluid
question
Negative stereotypes of aging are (page 412)
answer
More likely to be applied to women than to men.
question
Current evidence pinpoints __________ as a "toxic" ingredient of the Type A behavior pattern. (page 409)
answer
Hostility
question
More than two decades of longitudinal findings reveal that, compared with freely eating controls, calorie-restricted monkeys (page 404)
answer
Seem better able to withstand infectious disease.
question
The ability to sustain two tasks at once when at least one of the tasks is complex (page 415)
answer
Becomes more challenging with age.
question
Longitudinal research suggests that adults who effectively reduce stress (page 410)
answer
More flexibly between problem-centered and emotion-centered coping techniques.
question
Research about U.S. women's reactions to menopause reveals that (page 405-406)
answer
African-American women rarely speak of menopause in terms of physical aging.
question
Creativity in middle adulthood is (page 418)
answer
Deliberately thoughtful.
question
If Sam is like 60 percent of adult learners, Sam is (page 419)
answer
A women
question
Marta, age 67, is taking hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Marta (page 405)
answer
Has an elevated risk of Alzheimer's disease.
question
Jemma, age 45, is happily married. Which of the following statements is probably true? (page 407)
answer
The intensity of her sexual response will diminish.
question
Tom is a professional actor. As he approaches midlife, Tom will probably __________ to memorize his lines. (page 417)
answer
Focus on the meaning of the words.
question
Dion expresses himself articulately at a press conference and suggests effective ways for the local school district to save money in budget planning. Dion is making use of __________ intelligence. (page 413)
answer
Crystallized
question
In U.S. colleges and universities today, _____ percent of students are age 25 and older. (page 419)
answer
39
question
__________ allows clots to form within the heart's chambers, which may break loose and travel to the brain. (page 408)
answer
Arrhythmia
question
__________ are more than twice as likely as __________ to develop heart disease. (page 409)
answer
People with the Type A behavior pattern; people with the Type B behavior pattern
question
As we age, the __________ becomes less firmly attached to the __________, leading the skin to wrinkle. (page 402-403)
answer
Epidermis; dermis
question
The eye rapidly becomes more __________ between ages __________. (page 402)
answer
Farsighted; 40 and 60
question
Nearly _____ percent of U.S. middle-aged adults are sedentary. (page 411)
answer
70
question
Among North American, European, and East Asian women, menopause occurs, on average, in the _______________, thought the age range extends about twenty years. (page 403)
answer
Early fifties
question
__________ of individuals affected with cancer are cured. (page 408)
answer
Nearly 60 percent
question
Carolyn, a 53-year-old going through a divorce, should know that __________ can limit the age-related rise in illness and, when disease strikes, reduce its severity. (page 410)
answer
Stress management
question
__________, is most likely to develop heart disease. (page 409)
answer
Jonathan, who is prone to frequent angry outbursts and disagreeable behavior
question
As a happily married couple in their late fifties, Lewis and Candace will likely experience a(n) __________ due to physical changes of the climacteric. (page 407)
answer
Decline in the intensity of sexual response
question
Valerie is a stage actress. When learning her lines, instead of engaging in verbal memorization, Valerie depends on __________, a technique that also helps enhance memory in middle-aged adults. (page 417)
answer
Intermodal processing
question
As a nontraditional student, Oscar would most likely (page 419)
answer
Desire help in choosing the most appropriate classes.
question
Findings show that __________ is a weak predictor of the skill with which older adults perform complex, familiar tasks in everyday life, which they continue to do with considerable proficiency. (page 415)
answer
Processing speed
question
On reaction-time tasks, older adults (page 415)
answer
Become more disadvantaged as tasks increase in complexity.
question
The information-loss view explains the __________ in middle age by suggesting that older adults lose information with each step of thinking. (page 415)
answer
Slowdown of cognitive processing.
question
Some recent surveys on the double standard of gender and aging reveal that (page 412)
answer
The double standard is declining as attitudes toward middle age change.
question
Creativity in middle adulthood frequently reflects a transition from __________ to __________ (page 418)
answer
An egocentric concern with self-expression; more altruistic goals.
question
Longitudinal research reveals that (page 407)
answer
Frequency of sexual activity among married couples typically declines slightly in middle adulthood.
question
The period leading up to and following menopause is often accompanied by (page 405)
answer
Mood fluctuations
question
The first sign of presbycusis is (page 402)
answer
Hearing loss at high frequencies
question
Which of the following indicators of cardiovascular disease is referred to as a "silent killer"? (page 408)
answer
Atherosclerosis - a buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries
question
Which of the following Type A behaviors predicts heart disease and other health problems? (page 409)
answer
Hostility
question
__________ is/are the leading cause of U.S. deaths in both men and women during middle adulthood. (page 407)
answer
Cancer
question
Nontraditional students rarely require assistance with (page 419)
answer
Settling on career goals
question
When Kathy and her husband divorced after 25 years of marriage, Kathy felt depressed and overwhelmed by life changes. To get through this difficult time, she began to meditate, write in a journal, and take long, solitary walks. Kathy's behavior is an example of __________ coping. (page 410)
answer
Emotion-centered
question
Rico is an overweight adult living in a low-SES neighborhood. Which of the following barriers would Rico most likely face when starting an exercise routine? (page 411)
answer
Inconvenient access to facilities
question
Donna, a college professor, prepares for lectures by reviewing major points she wants to make before class. Donna is relying on __________ to maximize her memory. (page 416)
answer
Metacognitive knowledge
question
Research shows that adults who effectively reduce stress (page 410)
answer
Move flexibly between problem-centered and emotion-centered coping techniques.
question
Evidence from fMRI research indicates that deeply processing verbal meanings strongly activates certain areas in the __________ in middle-aged adults, restoring them to patterns close to those of young adults. (page 417)
answer
Frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex
question
More than twenty experiments revealed that hormone therapy causes an increase in __________, among other conditions. (page 405)
answer
Heart attacks
question
Many cross-sectional studies show that __________ increases steadily through middle adulthood, whereas __________ begins to decline in the twenties. (page 413)
answer
Crystallized intelligence; fluid intelligence.
question
Which of the following abilities decreases steadily from the twenties to the late eighties? (page 414)
answer
Perceptual speed
question
Researchers have identified __________ as the personal qualities that compose hardiness. (page 411)
answer
Control, commitment, and challenge
question
The most important factor in the success of returning students is (page 419)
answer
Social supports
question
Which of the following treatments can help to prevent osteoporosis? (page 409)
answer
A diet enriched with calcium and vitamin D
question
__________ is/are the leading cause of U.S. deaths in both men and women during middle adulthood. (page 407)
answer
Cancer
