question

Alleles found on the same chromosomes

answer

are linked

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In humans, a male has

answer

one X chromosome and one Y chromosome.

question

An example of polygenetic inheritance is:

answer

the shape of the human nose

question

Which of the following statements is true?

answer

The father of a colorblind boy may be colorblind.

question

Prenatal genetic testing can be done through a process called:

answer

amniocentesis

question

A cat that has spots of only one color

answer

may be a male or a female.

question

Which of the following is not a reason that human genetics are hard to study?

answer

Lack of volunteers

question

Colorblindness is more common in males than in females because

answer

the allele for colorblindness is recessive and located on the X chromosome.

question

Which of the following is the first step in gene therapy?

answer

identifying the faulty gene that causes the disease

question

Which of the following would you be least likely to see in a pedigree?

answer

All of the symbols are squares.

question

A pedigree can be used to

answer

determine whether an allele is dominant or recessive. show how a trait is passed from one generation to the next. determine whether a trait is inherited.

question

Which of the following form(s) a Barr body?

answer

one of the X chromosomes in a female cell

question

Which of the following is determined by multiple alleles?

answer

ABO blood group

question

Which of the following information CANNOT be obtained from the Human Genome Project?

answer

whether an allele is dominant or recessive

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The human genome was sequenced

answer

by looking for overlapping regions between sequenced DNA fragments.

question

What percentage of human sperm cells carry an X chromosome?

answer

50%

question

A person who has PKU

answer

inherited the recessive allele for the trait from both parents

question

In a pedigree, a circle represents a(an)

answer

female.

question

If one parent has type O blood and one parent has type AB blood, what blood types could their offspring possibly have?

answer

A and B

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What conclusion CANNOT be made from two DNA fingerprints that show identical patterns of bands?

answer

The DNA from the two DNA fingerprints definitely came from two different people.

question

What blood type can give blood to anyone?

answer

O neg.

question

Nondisjunction can involve

answer

homologous chromosomes. autosomes. sex chromosomes.

question

What type of condition is hemophilia?

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sex-linked

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Which genetic relationship is best characterized by the combination of white flowers and red flowers producing pink flowers?

answer

incomplete dominance

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Which of the following are shown in a karyotype?

answer

autosomes, sex chromosomes, homologous chromosomes

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Scientists test for alleles that cause human genetic disorders by

answer

detecting the DNA sequences found in those alleles

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Huntington's disease is produced by a single ___________ allele.

answer

dominant

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The Human Genome Project is an attempt to

answer

sequence all human DNA.

question

How many chromosomes are shown in a normal human karyotype?

answer

46

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People who are heterozygous for sickle cell disease are generally healthy because

answer

they usually have some normal hemoglobin in their red blood cells.

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Sickle cell disease is caused by a

answer

change in one DNA base

question

This forms initially when a sperm and an egg meet:

answer

zygote

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Which of the following can be observed in a karyotype?

answer

an extra chromosome

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If nondisjunction occurs during meiosis,

answer

some gametes may have an extra copy of some genes.

question

What is the approximate probability that a human offspring will be female?

answer

50%

question

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

answer

Huntington's disease is caused by a recessive allele

question

Which of the following does NOT lead to cystic fibrosis?

answer

point mutation

question

In cystic fibrosis, a change in a single gene causes the protein called CFTR to

answer

fold improperly

question

A human female inherits

answer

one copy of every gene located on each of the X chromosomes.

question

The formation of a Barr body

answer

causes the genes on one of the X chromosomes in a female cell to be switched off

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Which of the following genotypes result in the same phenotype?

answer

IBIB and IBi

question

47XXY is the abbreviation for which condition?

answer

Klinefelter's Syndrome

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Which genetic relationship is best characterized by a red cow and a white cow breeding to produce offspring that have red and white spots or patches?

answer

codominance

question

Most sex-linked genes are located on

answer

the X chromosome only.

question

The long stretches of repetitive DNA in chromosomes 21 and 22 are unstable sites

answer

where rearrangements occur.

question

If a man with blood type A and a woman with blood type B produce an offspring, what might be the offspring's blood type?

answer

A, B, AB, or O

question

Because the X chromosome contains genes that are vital for normal development, no baby has been born

answer

without an X chromosome.

question

Compared with normal hemoglobin, the hemoglobin of a person with sickle cell disease

answer

has a different sequence of amino acids.

question

Which of the following is caused by a dominant allele?

answer

Huntington's disease

question

The purpose of gene therapy is to

answer

cure genetic disorders.

question

Which chromosome is the gene for Huntington's disease located on?

answer

4

question

Human females produce egg cells that have

answer

one X chromosome

question

A trait that differs in the way it is expressed in males and females is:

answer

sex influenced

question

45XO is the abbreviation for an individual with which disorder?

answer

Turner's Syndrome

question

45XO is the abbreviation for an individual with which disorder? 45XO is the abbreviation for an individual with which disorder? The failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis is called The failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis is called

answer

nondisjunction

question

The process of DNA fingerprinting is based on the fact that The process of DNA fingerprinting is based on the fact that

answer

no two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA.

question

Gene therapy is successful if the

answer

replacement gene is transcribed in the person's cells.

question

The sequencing of human chromosomes 21 and 22 showed that

answer

some regions of chromosomes do not code for proteins.

question

Which of the following combinations of sex chromosomes represents a female?

answer

XX

question

What blood type can receive blood from anyone?

answer

AB pos.

question

In a pedigree, if a mother is represented by a shaded circle and a father is represented by a shaded square, their children can be represented by either shaded or unshaded circles or squares. _________________________

answer

True

question

A person who has Down syndrome has TWO copies of chromosome 21. _________________________

answer

False, Three

question

In humans, the MOTHER determines the sex of the offspring. _________________________

answer

False, Father

question

Information from the Human Genome Project can be used to learn more about human diseases. _________________________

answer

True

question

If a cat has both orange and black spots, it is HOMOZYGOUS for the alleles on the X chromosome that code for spot color. _________________________

answer

False, Heterozygous

question

DNA fingerprinting analyzes sections of DNA that have little or no known function but VARY WIDELY from person to person. _________________________

answer

F,vary widely

question

A pedigree showing the inheritance of Huntington's disease within a family would show shaded symbols for people with the disease. _________________________

answer

True

question

Two parents who have Huntington's disease may produce an offspring who does not have Huntington's disease. _________________________

answer

True

question

Chromosome 22 contains long stretches of DNA that do not code for proteins. _________________________

answer

True

question

In a human karyotype, 44 of the chromosomes are autosomes. _________________________

answer

True

question

If a person has blood type A, he or she CANNOT receive a blood transfusion from a person with blood type O. _________________________

answer

False, can

question

A dominant X-linked trait would be MORE common in males than in females. _________________________

answer

False, less

question

In a human karyotype, 23 chromosome pairs are similar in size and shape. _________________________

answer

False, 22

question

To locate genes within the human DNA sequence, scientists look for open reading frames within the sequence. _________________________

answer

True

question

Males generally do not have Barr bodies. _________________________

answer

True

Chapter 14 Genetics Study Guide – Flashcards

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