Chapter 13 Therapies Conncet Plus – Flashcards
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Cognitive Treatment
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A kind of treatment that teaches people to think more adpatively by changing their dsyfunctional cognitions about the world and themselves
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Benzodiazepines (Xanax, Valium, Lithium)
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an antianxiety drug (most common) that works by binding to receptor sites that become overactive during a period of anxiety
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Examples of antianxiety drugs
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Xanax, Valium, Lithium
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Unconditional Positive Regard
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According to client-centered therapy, if the therapist expresses acceptance and understanding, regardless of the feelings/attitudes the client expresses, this enables clients to come to decisions that can improve their lives.
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The concept of authenticity is used by _____________
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humanistic; the true feelings of the therapist
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Antidepressant drugs
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Drugs (medication) used to treat depression and improve the moods of patients
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Main classes of antidepressants?
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Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAO), and tricyclics
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What drug is widely used to treat bipolar disorder?
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Lithium
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Prefrontal Lobotomy
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Initial form of psychosurgery, which consisted of surgically removing/destroying a patient's frontal lobes. Surgeons thought that this controlled emotionality. (NO LONGER PRACTICED)
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Biological Therapies reduce or eliminate the symptoms of psychological disorders:
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Through electroconvulsive therapy, with drugs, with psychosurgery
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Flooding
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When a client is exposed to a feared object to an excessive degree and not allowed to avoid the stimuli
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Dr. Addison is a behavior therapist. When she explains what she does, whic of the following are involved in the explanation?
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Operant conditioning techniques, Classical conditioning techniques
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Define the cognitive-behavioral approach
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A treatment approach that incorporates basic principles of learning to change the way people think
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Which theorist coined the term "self-efficacy" and believed that it's the key to successful cognitive behavioral therapy?
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Bandura
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Self-efficacy
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The idea that one can master a situation and produce positive outcomes
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Which of the following are erroneous way of thinking associated with Beck's approach to cognitive therapy?
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Magnifying the importance of undesirable events, Overgeneralizing on the basis of limited examples, Perceiving the world as harmful while ignoring evidence to the contrary, and engaging in absolutist thinking
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A therapist who practices __________ instructs clients to recognize the positive in their lives when it happens, to keep track of such moments, and to identify thoughts and feelings that are related to the premature ending of those moments
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well-being therapy
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Basic philosophy of therapy that is based on operant conditioning is that maladaptive behaviors are:
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learned and can be unlearned
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Many insight therapies derive from Freud's ____________ approach
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Pscyhoanalytic
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Side effects of antianxiety drugs?
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Fatigue, Mental slowness, loss of coordination, and can be addictive when overused
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__________ work by binding to receptor sites that become overactive during a period of anxiety.
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Benzodiazepines
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Antianxiety drugs are useful because they:
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Provide relief from high levels of anxiety and stress
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The effectiveness of electroconvulsive therapy in treating depression is:
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approximately the same as anitdepressant durgs, and approximatley the same as cognitive therapy
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The psychodynamic approach and the humanistic approach are both examples of the more general term:
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Insight Therapy
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What characteristics distinguish comtemporary psychodynamic therapies, with traditional ones?
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Less emphasis on sex, therapy sessions are less frequent, and the therapist probes the unconscious of the patient
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Biological Therapies
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A kind of therapy that has treatments that reduce/eliminate a psych. disorder by altergin body functions
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What is the most common form of biologcial therapy?
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Drug therapy (electroconvulsive therapy and psychosurgery also possible)
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Define anti-anxiety drugs
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(AKA Tranquilizers) make an individual calmer and less excitable
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Info on Tricyclics
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antidepressant drugs believed to work by increasing neurotransmitter lvls (esp. serotonin and norepinephrine. Some side effects: restlessness, faintness, trembling, sleepiness, and difficulty remembering
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Info on MAO inhibitors
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antidepressant drugs (not often used as tricyclics, stronger effects). Interactions with certains foods (cheese, red wine, fermented foods) makes them riskier than tricyclics
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Info on SSRIs
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antidepressant drugs that work mainly by interfering with the reabsorption of serotonin in the brain ex. Prozack and Zoloft). Both drugs have increased effectiveness reducing depression and FEWER side effects than other antidepressants. Side effects include insomnia, anxiety, headache, and diarrhea.
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Antipsychotic drugs
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Drugs that reduce agitated behavior, reduce tension, decrease hallucinations, improve social behavior and produce better sleep patterns. used esp. for schizophrenics
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Neuroleptics
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Most widely used of the anitpsychotic drugs because they block the dopamine's system's action in the brain. Works well with Schizophrenics (they have too much dopamine. only treats symptoms does not cure schizophrenia)
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Tardive dyskinesia
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A neurological disorder where there are involuntary movements of the facial muscles/mouth, and twitching of the neck, arms, and legs. (side effect of neuroleptics)
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Describe Atypical antipsychotic medication
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Medication that carries a lower risk of the side effect, tardive dyskinesia. (ex. Clozapine)
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Electroconvulsive therapy (shock therapy)
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A biological treatment used to treat severe depression. The goal of treatment is to cause a seizure in the brain. The treatment is only given to people who have not responded to drug therapy or psychotherapy.
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Psychosurgery
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A biological treatment that involves removal or destruction of brain tissue to improve individual's adjustment
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psychotherapy
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The use of nonmedical means to help individuals recognize and alleviate their problems
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Psychodynamic therapies
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Therapy that stresses the importance of the unconscious mind, extensive interpretation by the therapist, and the role of early childhood experiences in the development of an individual's problems.
