Chapter 13 AP World History Vocabulary – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers
question
Bakufu
answer
Military government established by the Minamoto following the Gempei Wars; centered at Kamakura; retained emperor, but real power resided in military government and samurai.
question
Fujiwara
answer
Japanese aristocratic family in mid-9th century; exercised exceptional influence over imperial affairs; aided in decline of imperial power.
question
Tea Ceremony
answer
An ancient ritual for preparing and serving and drinking tea, practiced by the Samurai to enhance concentration and self- control.
question
Kamakura Shogunate
answer
The first of Japan's decentralized military governments. (1185-1333).
question
Son of Heaven
answer
Title of the ruler of China, first known from the Zhou dynasty. It acknowledges the ruler's position as intermediary between heaven and earth.
question
Nguyen
answer
Rival Vietnamese dynasty that arose in southern Vietnam to challenge traditional dynasty of Trinh in north at Hanoi; kingdom centered on Red and Mekong rivers; capital at Hue.
question
Le Dynasty
answer
The longest ruling Vietnamese dynasty. Drawing on Confucian principles, its rulers increased the size and strength of the Vietnamese state and promoted agricultural productivity.
question
Kumsong
answer
Capital of Korea in the Medieval Era modeled after the Chinese capital of Chang'an.
question
Paekche
answer
Independent Korean kingdom in southeastern part of peninsula; defeated by rival Silla kingdom and its Chinese Tang allies in 7th century.
question
Trung Sisters
answer
Leaders of one of the frequent peasant rebellions in Vietnam against Chinese rule; revolt broke out in 39 c.e.; demonstrates importance of Vietnamese women in indigenous society.
question
Taika Reforms
answer
Attempt to remake Japanese monarch into an absolute Chinese-style emperor; included attempts to create professional bureaucracy and peasant conscript army.
question
Tale of Genji
answer
Story of Prince Genji and his lovers, written by Lady Murasaki Shikibu at end of 11th century, world's first full novel.
question
Zen Monasteries
answer
Monasteries where monks practiced Zen Buddhism.
question
Shoguns
answer
Military leaders of Japan during its feudal era and the actual powers behind the emperor until the Meiji restoration. Leaders of the Bakufu.
question
Kuya
answer
Early propagator of Pure Land. Was a dancing monk and entertainer; went around singing and dancing. Wore bells, drums, taught ecstatic worship, appealed to the masses.
question
Ho Xuan Huong
answer
One of the most famous of Vietnamese women who wrote poetry, and flouts Confucian decorum and mocks her male suitors.
question
Onin War
answer
War between rival heirs of Ashikaga Shogunate; fought between 1467 and 1477; led to warfare between rival headquarters and Kyoto and destruction of old capital.
question
Koguryo
answer
Tribal people of northern Korea; established an independent kingdom in the northern half of the peninsula; adopted cultural Sinification.
question
Trinh
answer
Dynasty that ruled in north Vietnam at Hanoi, 1533 to 1772; rivals of Nguyen family in South.
question
Viets
answer
The Vietnamese people, called "southern barbarians" by the Chinese.
question
Koryo
answer
Korean kingdom founded in 918 and destroyed by a Mongol invasion in 1259.
question
Samurai
answer
Feudal Japanese military aristocracy; big importance on loyalty, honesty.
question
Heian
answer
Capital city of Japan under the Yamato emperors, later called Kyoto; built in order to escape influence of Buddhist monks; patterned after ancient imperial centers of China; never fully populated.
question
Bushi
answer
Regional warrior leaders in Japan; ruled small kingdoms from fortresses; administered the law, supervised public works projects, and collected revenues; built up private armies.
question
Minamoto
answer
Defeated the rival Taira family in Gempei Wars and established military government (bakufu) in 12th century Japan.
question
Hanoi
answer
Capital of Vietnam after reunification; capital of independent North Vietnam during the war.
question
Daimyo
answer
A Japanese feudal lord who commanded a private army of samurai.
question
Khmers
answer
Indianized rivals of the Vietnamese; moved into Mekong River delta region at time of Vietnamese drive to the south.
question
Sinification
answer
Extensive adaptation of Chinese culture in other regions; typical of Korea and Japan, less typical of Vietnam.
question
Nara
answer
Japan's first true city; it was established in 710 north of modern Osaka.
question
Tribute System
answer
A system in which defeated peoples were forced to pay a tax in the form of goods and labor. This forced transfer of food, cloth, and other goods subsidized the development of large cities.
question
Seppuku
answer
Ritual suicide or disembowelment in Japan; commonly known in West as hara-kiri; demonstrated courage and a means to restore family honor.
question
Yoritomo
answer
Leader of the Minamoto clan and became the supreme military leader of Japan when he defeated the only remaining powerful clan; was granted the title of shogun; created a warrior state ruled by military.
question
Emperor Kammu
answer
Started the heian period. Kicked Buddhists out of the city. Stopped Taika reforms.
question
Ryoanji Temple
answer
Zen Buddhist temple (in Kyoto), design of garden consists of islands of volcanic rock set amidst white pebbles.
question
Kami
answer
One the Shinto deities (including mythological beings, spirits of distinguished men, forces of nature.
question
Chams
answer
Indianized rivals of the Vietnamese; driven into the highlands by the successful Vietnamese drive to the south.
question
Silla
answer
Independent Korean kingdom in southeastern part of peninsula; defeated Koguryo along with their Chinese Tang allies; submitted as a vassal of the Tang emperor and agreed to tribute payment; ruled united Korea by 668.
question
Middle Kingdom
answer
Refers to China because the people believed that their land stood between heaven and earth.
question
Shintoism
answer
Religion located in Japan and related to Buddhism. Shintoism focuses particularly on nature and ancestor worship.
question
Yi
answer
Korean dynasty that succeeded Koryo dynasty following period of Mongol invasions; established in 1392; ruled Korea to 1910; restored aristocratic dominance and Chinese influence.
question
Gumpei Wars
answer
Waged for five years from 1180 on Honshu between the Taira and Minamoto families; ended in destruction of Taira.
question
Kama Kura
answer
Rule in Japan before Minamoto. First Shogunate.`
question
Yoshitsune
answer
In 1185, he wins a decisive naval battle at Dannoura and defeats the Taira.
Get an explanation on any task
Get unstuck with the help of our AI assistant in seconds
New