Chapter 12 MyPsychLab
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Each student in Dr. Boyd's class was assigned to a group to complete a service learning project. Dennis, who believed the task to be overwhelming, decided not to participate as much as the other group members. As a result of his lack of group participation, Dr. Boyd required Dennis to work alone, which caused him to work harder. Dennis's behavior can be best characterized as
answer
social loafing
question
in his experiment on conformity, Ash found that
answer
conformity increased with each new confederate, up to four confederates
question
the challenger disaster is a classic example of groupthink because
answer
some people knew the shuttle was not okay to launch, but they did not speak up and thereby disrupt group cohesion.
question
in Asch's line experiment, participants
answer
conformed to the group answer slightly more than one third of the time.
question
Raheem is questioned about his failure to provide assistance to a fellow student who was calling out for help while being bullied by other students. Raheem replies, "No one else did anything, so I did nothing." Raheem's response is an example of
answer
diffusion of responsibility
question
socially desirable behavior that benefits others is referred to as
answer
prosocial behavior
question
Ryan sees a woman collapse in the mall. He does not run over to help her because he assumes there is probably a doctor or nurse in the crowd who can provide better assistance. This is an example of
answer
diffusion of responsibility
question
in Sternberg's theory, _____ encompasses the physical aspects of love
answer
passion
question
once someone has taken responsibility to help, the next step in the decision making process is
answer
planning a course of action
question
Jim is studying in his room and hears someone yell for help. He is at the first helping decision point, which is
answer
noticing
question
researchers found that reciprocity of liking does not work when
answer
a person suffers from feelings of low self-worth
question
the group most likely to become a scapegoat is the group
answer
with the least power
question
One way to reduce prejudice is to promote personal involvement with people from other groups that is cooperative and occurs when all groups are equal in terms of power or status. This is known as
answer
equal status contact
question
A police officer comes to Jane's office to discuss personal safety with the employees there. Despite the seriousness of his message, the police officer jokes and laughs with the employees. Jane nevertheless takes what she learned seriously and begins to pay more attention to h
answer
central-route processing
question
As Vivian was driving to work the other day, she was passed by a vehicle that swerved uncontrollably until it came to a complete stop on the side of the road. Unaware that the driver's steering wheel was malfunctioning, Vivian said out loud to herself, "Some people just can't drive and need to stay off the road." Vivian's assumption about the other driver can be referred to as
answer
a fundamental attribution error
question
in explaining our own behavior, we tend to use situational rather than personal attributions. such a phenomenon is known as
answer
the actor-observer bias
question
Cheryl got a bad grade on her test, which she attributes to the fact that she had to work overtime throughout the week and so could not study as much as usual. Cheryl's co-worker also got a bad grade on a test, which Cheryl attributes to her co-worker's laziness. This type of thinking is an example of
answer
the fundamental attribution error
question
When parents tell their children that smoking cigarettes is dangerous and unhealthy, and the children develop negative attitudes toward smoking, this is an example of
answer
direct instruction
question
Harry's friend Logan studies a lot, so Harry assumes that Logan is smart. Harry's belief is based on
answer
implicit personality theory
question
Janet is presenting a paper at a psychology conference. She buys a new suit and shoes, has her hair and nails done, and spends extra time on her makeup the morning of the presentation. Janet appears to be concerned about
answer
impression formation
