Chapter 12 Europe: Cultural Geography – Flashcards
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Define: Ethnic Group
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groups of people with a shared ancestry, language, customs, and often religion.
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List: 4 factors that created Europe's diversity.
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migration, cultural division, conflict, and changing borders
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Define: refugee
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people who flee to a foreign country for safety.
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Describe the similarities among Europeans.
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Europeans value the importance of the past, the cultural achievements of their ancestors and take pride in their families.
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True or False: The most populous nations in Europe are France and Italy.
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False: The most populous nations in Europe are Germany and Vatican City.
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Why did Europeans and guest workers clash?
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Europeans and guest workers often competed for jobs, housing, and social services.
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Define: feudalism
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a system at which monarchs gave nobles land in exchange for loyalty
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Define: Welfare state
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a country that offers extensive human services to its citizens
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Which features do the regions of Europe share in order to support large populations?
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Favorable climate, fertile soil, mineral resources, and inland waterways (access to clean water)
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Describe the industrial revolution.
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The Industrial Revolution was a time of power driven machinery and new methods of production in the 1700s; Sparked by the Enlightenment (time of questioning tradition, authority and beliefs); New and reasonable ways to boost the industries of Europe and the rest of the world. Brought an increased volume and variety of manufactured goods; Improved standard of living for some, Grim employment and living conditions for the poor and working classes; Brought about Industrial Capitalism, profits for middle and upper class.
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When did urbanization in Europe begin?
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1700s
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Northern Europe includes the relatively ethnically diverse and densely populated ___________.
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United Kingdom
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Large numbers of _________________________ settled in Great Britain at the end of World War II.
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Refugees
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A system in which monarchs or lords gave land to nobles in return for pledges of loyalty was known as
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Feudalism
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Industrial and social changes in Europe in the 1800s led to _____________, an economic system in which owners used profits to expand their companies.
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Communism
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Who invaded Britain in the Middle Ages after the Romans left?
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Germanic Angles, Saxons, and Jutes
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Foreigners who work on a temporary basis in a country other than the ones in which they are citizens are called
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Guest workers
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Which two countries are most densely populated in Western Europe?
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Netherlands & Belgium
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After World War II, which country was divided between communism and non-communist governments?
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Germany
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Which artistic painting style developed in the 1800s that captures immediate experiences of the natural world?
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impressionism
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What group of people held control of Spain for over 700 years?
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The Moors
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The division of a region into smaller regions that are often hostile with each other is called
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Balkanization
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Which empire fell in 1453 and came under control of the Ottoman Empire?
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Byzantine Empire
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Which two countries grew wealthy because of the trade routes and colonies they established?
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Spain and Portugal
