Chapter 11 Vocabulary Test Questions – Flashcards
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A(n) ____ OS supports multiple active processes or users
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Multi-tasking
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In virtual memory management, a memory page's location is determined by searching a(n) ____
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Page table
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A(n) ____ occurs when a process or thread references a memory page not currently held in memory
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Page fault
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Dispatching a thread moves it from the ____ state to the ____ state.
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Ready, running
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The CPU periodically generates a(n) ___ to give the scheduler an opportunity to allocate the CPU to another ready process.
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Time interrupt
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A(n) ____ is an OS that enables dividing a single physical computer or cluster into multiple virtual machines
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Hypervisor
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In the ____ scheduling method, threads are dispatched in order of their arrival.
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First come first served
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A(n) ____ process contains subunits that can be executed concurrently or simultaneously.
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Multi-threaded
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____ scheduling guarantees that a thread receives enough resources to complete one ____ in a maximum time interval
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Real time scheduling, program cycle
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Hardware resources consumed by an OS's resource allocation functions are called ____
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System overhead
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____ scheduling refers to any type of scheduling in which a running thread can lose control of the CPU to another thread
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Preemptive
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The act of selecting a running thread and loading its register contents is called ____ and is performed by the ____
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Dispatching, scheduler
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To achieve efficient use of the memory and a large number of concurrently executing processes, most OSs use ____ memory management
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virtual
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When a thread makes an I/O service request, it's placed in the ____ state until processing of the request is finished
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blocked
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Memory pages not held in primary storage are held in the ____ of a secondary storage device
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Swap space
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On a computer with a single CPU, multitasking is achieved by ____ execution of multiple processes.
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Concurrent
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With ____, all portions of a process must be loaded into sequential physical memory partitions
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Contiguous
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The ____, ____, and ____ are the main layers of an OS
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Kernel, service, command
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A(n) ____ is the unit of memory read from or written to the swap space
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Page
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A(n) ____ resource is apparent to a process or user, although it might not physically exist
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Virtual
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Under a(n) ____ memory allocation scheme, portions of a single process might be physically located in scattered partitions of main memory
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non-contiguous
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In virtual memory management, memory references by a process must be converted to an offset in a(n) ____
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Page frame
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Information about a process's execution state, such as register values and process status, are stored in a(n) ____
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Process control block
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With the ___ scheduling method, threads requiring the least CPU time are dispatched first
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Shortest time remaining
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A(n) ____ causes the currently executing process to be ____ and control to be passed to the ____
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Interrupt, pushed, supervisors
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The process of converting an address operand into a physical address in a memory partition or page frame is called ____
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Address mapping
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A(n) ____ is an executable subunit of a process that's scheduled independently but shares memory and I/O resources
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Thread
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The ____ endian storage format places the ____ byte of a word in the lowest memory address. The ____ endian sotrage format places the ____ byte of a word in the lowest memory address
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big, most significant, little, least significant
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In ____, program memory references correspond to physical memory locations. In ____, the CPU must calculate the physical memory location that corresponds to a program memory reference
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Absolute addressing, Indirect addressing
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In indirect addressing, the content of a(n) ____ is added to calculate the corresponding physical memory address.
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Offset register
