Chapter 10 (Photosynthesis) Study Guide – Flashcards

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question
What are the products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are used in the Calvin Cycle?
answer
ATP and NADPH
question
Where does the Calvin cycle take place?
answer
in the stroma of the chloroplast
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When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis, it is a direct by-product of what?
answer
the splitting of water molecules
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In the thylakoid membranes, what is the main role of the antenna pigment molecules?
answer
to harvest photons and transfer light energy to the reaction-center chlorophyll
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Describe the functioning of photosystem II
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The electron vacancies in P680⁺ are filled by electrons derived from water
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What are the products of linear photophosphorylation?
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ATP and NADPH
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Where does the extra ATP come from for use in the Calvin Cycle?
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Cyclic electron flow
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If the thylakoid is punctured and the interior is no longer separated from the stroma what process is most directly effected?
answer
the absorption of light energy by chlorophyll
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What does the chemiosmotic process in chloroplasts involve?
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establishment of a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane
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If the interior of the thylakoids of isolated chloroplasts were made acidic and then transferred in the dark to a pH 8 solution what would be the result?
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The isolated chloroplasts would make ATP
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In plant cells where are the ATP synthase complexes located?
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thylakoid membrane and inner mitochondrial membrane
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In chloroplasts chemiosmosis translocates protons from where?
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no answer given must figure out
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In photosynthetic cells, synthesis of ATP by the chemiosmotic mechanism occurs during when?
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Photosynthesis and respiration
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What is the relationship between wavelength of light and the quantity of energy per photon?
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They are inversely related
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Some photosynthetic bacteria have only photosystem I, whereas others have both photosystem I and photosystem II why might that be?
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Photosynthesis with only photosystem I is more ancestral
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In thylakoids, protons travel through ATP synthatse from the thylakoid space to the stroma. Therefore, the catalytic "knobs" of ATP synthase would be located where?
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on the stromal side f the membrane
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The reactions that produce molecular oxygen (O₂) take place where?
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In the light reactions alone
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What is the primary function of the Calvin Cycle?
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synthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide
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In a plant leaf where do the reactions that produce NADH occur?
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neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle. They occur elsewhere
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Where does the NADPH required fro the Calvin cycle come from?
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reactions initiated in photosystem I
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What is the relationship between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle?
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The light reactions provide ATP and NADPH to the Calvin cycle, and the cycle returns ADP, Pi, and NADP⁺ to the light reactions.
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The phylogenetic distribution of the enzyme rubisco is limited to?
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all known photoautorophs, both bacterial and eukaryotic
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Photorespiration occurs when rubisco reacts RuBP with?
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O₂
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Compared to C3 plants, C4 plants?
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can continue to fix CO₂ even at relatively low CO₂ concentrations and high oxygen concentrations.
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When looking at a graph of absorption spectrum for chlorophyll a and the action spectrum for photosynthesis. Why would they be different?
answer
Because other pigments absorb light in addition to chlorophyll a
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What wavelength of light is most effective in driving photosynthesis? 730mm, 475 mm, 420mm, 575mm, 625mm?
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420 mm is most effective
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The light reactions of photosynthesis supply the Calvin cycle with what?
answer
ATP and NADPH
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What is the representation of the flow of electrons during photosynthesis?
answer
H₂O to NADPH to Calvin cycle
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What process is most directly driven by light energy?
answer
Removal of electrons from chlorophyll molecules
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