Chapter 10 (Photosynthesis) Study Guide – Flashcards
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What are the products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are used in the Calvin Cycle?
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ATP and NADPH
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Where does the Calvin cycle take place?
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in the stroma of the chloroplast
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When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis, it is a direct by-product of what?
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the splitting of water molecules
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In the thylakoid membranes, what is the main role of the antenna pigment molecules?
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to harvest photons and transfer light energy to the reaction-center chlorophyll
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Describe the functioning of photosystem II
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The electron vacancies in P680⁺ are filled by electrons derived from water
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What are the products of linear photophosphorylation?
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ATP and NADPH
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Where does the extra ATP come from for use in the Calvin Cycle?
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Cyclic electron flow
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If the thylakoid is punctured and the interior is no longer separated from the stroma what process is most directly effected?
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the absorption of light energy by chlorophyll
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What does the chemiosmotic process in chloroplasts involve?
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establishment of a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane
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If the interior of the thylakoids of isolated chloroplasts were made acidic and then transferred in the dark to a pH 8 solution what would be the result?
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The isolated chloroplasts would make ATP
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In plant cells where are the ATP synthase complexes located?
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thylakoid membrane and inner mitochondrial membrane
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In chloroplasts chemiosmosis translocates protons from where?
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no answer given must figure out
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In photosynthetic cells, synthesis of ATP by the chemiosmotic mechanism occurs during when?
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Photosynthesis and respiration
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What is the relationship between wavelength of light and the quantity of energy per photon?
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They are inversely related
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Some photosynthetic bacteria have only photosystem I, whereas others have both photosystem I and photosystem II why might that be?
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Photosynthesis with only photosystem I is more ancestral
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In thylakoids, protons travel through ATP synthatse from the thylakoid space to the stroma. Therefore, the catalytic "knobs" of ATP synthase would be located where?
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on the stromal side f the membrane
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The reactions that produce molecular oxygen (O₂) take place where?
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In the light reactions alone
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What is the primary function of the Calvin Cycle?
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synthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide
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In a plant leaf where do the reactions that produce NADH occur?
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neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle. They occur elsewhere
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Where does the NADPH required fro the Calvin cycle come from?
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reactions initiated in photosystem I
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What is the relationship between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle?
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The light reactions provide ATP and NADPH to the Calvin cycle, and the cycle returns ADP, Pi, and NADP⁺ to the light reactions.
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The phylogenetic distribution of the enzyme rubisco is limited to?
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all known photoautorophs, both bacterial and eukaryotic
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Photorespiration occurs when rubisco reacts RuBP with?
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O₂
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Compared to C3 plants, C4 plants?
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can continue to fix CO₂ even at relatively low CO₂ concentrations and high oxygen concentrations.
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When looking at a graph of absorption spectrum for chlorophyll a and the action spectrum for photosynthesis. Why would they be different?
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Because other pigments absorb light in addition to chlorophyll a
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What wavelength of light is most effective in driving photosynthesis? 730mm, 475 mm, 420mm, 575mm, 625mm?
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420 mm is most effective
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The light reactions of photosynthesis supply the Calvin cycle with what?
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ATP and NADPH
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What is the representation of the flow of electrons during photosynthesis?
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H₂O to NADPH to Calvin cycle
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What process is most directly driven by light energy?
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Removal of electrons from chlorophyll molecules
