Test Answers on Chapter 10 Medical Terminology – Flashcards
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astr/o
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starlike structure
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audit/o
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sense of hearing
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autonom/o
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independent; self governing
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cav/o
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hollow space
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cerebell/o
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cerebellum (posterior part of brain)
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cerebr/o
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cerebrum (largest part of brain)
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cochle/o
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cochlea; inner ear
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cortic/o
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cortex (outer region)
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crani/o
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cranium; skull
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cyt/o
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cell
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dendr/o
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branching structure
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dors/o
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back; dorsum
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dur/o
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dura mater
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effer/o
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go out from center
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encephal/o
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brain
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ependym/o
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cellular lining
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esthes/o
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sensation; feeling
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esthet/o
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sensation; feeling
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faci/o
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face
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fiss/o
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splitting
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front/o
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front
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gloss/o
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tongue
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gustat/o
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the sense of taste
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meningi/o
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meninges
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mening/o
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meninges
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micr/o
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one millionth; small
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mot/o
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movement
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myelin/o
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myelin
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myel/o
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bone marrow; spinal cord; myelin
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nerv/o
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nerve
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neur/o
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nerve
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occipit/o
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occiput (back of head)
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ocul/o
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eye
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olfact/o
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sense of smell
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olig/o
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scanty; few
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opt/o
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eye; vision
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pariet/o
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wall of a cavity
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pathet/o
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suffering
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peripher/o
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outer aspects
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pharyng/o
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pharynx (throat)
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radicul/o
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spinal nerve root
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recept/o
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receive
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rhiz/o
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spinal nerve root
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sens/o
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sensation
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somat/o
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body
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spin/o
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spine; backbone
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tempor/o
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temple (side of head)
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thalam/o
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thalamus
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transmitt/o
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to send across or thru
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trochle/o
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shaped like a pulley
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vag/o
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wandering; vagus nerve
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ventricul/o
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ventricle; lower heart chamber
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ventr/o
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front; abdomen
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vestibul/o
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vestibule; entrance
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vis/o
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sight; vision
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A ________ is an involuntary muscle reaction that is controlled by the spinal cord.
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Reflex
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A ________ unit (an abbreviation) is a device used to control chronic pain by stimulating the nerve endings.
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TENS
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The name of the medical procedure that records the electrical activity of the brain is an ________.
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Electroencephalography
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________ ________ is a nutrient found in prenatal vitamins and fortified cereals that helps prevent the occurrence of myelomeningocele in babies.
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Folic Acid
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The study of the anatomy, physiology, diseases, tests, and surgeries of the nervous system is known as ________.
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Neurology
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The largest part of the brain is the ________.
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Cerebrum
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The olfactory nerve, cranial nerve I, sends information to the brain about the sense of ________.
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Smell
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A ________, an individual nerve cell, is the functional unit of the nervous system.
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Neuron
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Mental retardation caused by a defect in chromosome 21 is known as ________ syndrome.
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Down
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If the brain or spinal cord wants a voluntary skeletal muscle to move, this command is transmitted to the muscle by the ________ nervous system.
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Somatic
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Convulsions or seizures are characteristic of the disease known as ________.
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Epilepsy
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In a diving accident, the patient severely injured his cervical spinal cord at the level of C2. As a result, he became a ________ and was paralyzed from the neck down, including all four extremities.
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Quadriplegic
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The brain and its surrounding structures fill the ________ cavity.
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Cranial
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A carotid ________ is a surgical procedure done to remove plaque from the carotid artery
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endarterectomy
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Which nerves carry nerve impulses away from the spinal cord?
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efferent
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Mrs. Lynn had a stroke that left her with the inability to understand spoken or written words. This is known as:
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Receptive aphasia
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Which is the medical word for a common headache?
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cephalalgia
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Which is a chronic neurologic disease due to an imbalance in the levels of the neurotransmitters dopamine and acetylcholine in the brain?
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Parkinson's Disease
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The abbreviations VEP, VER, BAEP, BAER describe:
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evoked potentials
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The central nervous system consists of the ________.
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brain & spinal cord
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The numerical scale that measures the depth of a coma is known as
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Glasgow
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Which radiologic procedure uses a magnetic field and radiowaves to make a picture?
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MRI
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The part of the nervous system that is active when the body is at rest is the
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parasympathetic division
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Which word means a surgical incision into the cranium to expose the brain tissue?
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craniotomy
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A laminectomy is a surgical procedure to remove part of the ________ to relieve pressure on the dorsal nerve roots.
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laminectomy
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Neurofibromatosis is also known as:
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von Recklinghausen's disease
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Which lobe coordinates and analyzes information received by other lobes and uses it to predict future events and the benefits or consequences of actions taken?
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frontal lobe
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The loss of the ability to communicate verbally or in writing is known as:
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aphasia
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Which two combining forms mean nerve root?
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rhiz/o- and radicul/o-
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Grand mal seizures with unconsciousness and excessive motor activity are also known as ________ seizures.
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tonic-clonic
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The combining form syncop/o- means:
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fainting
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Cerebrospinal fluid can be examined by doing a/an
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lumbar puncture (or spinal tap)
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Paralysis on one side of the body is known as
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hemiplegia
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A very deep, anterior-to-posterior fissure divides the cerebrum into what right and left structures?
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hemispheres
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A manometer is used to measure the pressure of the
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CSF
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