Chapter 10 &11
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Every evening at a neighborhood bar, the clientele, which consists of construction workers, police officers, plumbers, and factory workers, watches sports events on a big screen television set and plays pool. The people who hang out in this bar are an example of a
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status group.
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Sociologists studying the effects of foreign investment by multinationals have found that such investment ___________ economic inequality within developing nations.
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initially decreases but eventually increases
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Which of the following terms was introduced in the 1990s as a result of the actions that led to the deaths of hundreds of thousands of Muslims in Bosnia-Herzogovina?
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ethnic cleansing
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Approximately how many men, women and children are transported each year in the transnational trafficking of humans for slavery or sexual exploitation?
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600,000-800,000
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An analysis of global wealth distribution shows that the bulk of the wealth is held by countries in
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Europe, North America, and some Asia-Pacific nations.
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Which of the following nations is fully compliant with the U.S. Trafficking Victims Protection Act?
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Columbia
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The global debt crisis has _________ the dependency of emerging nations.
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hidden
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In large developing nations, the most socially significant mobility is
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the movement out of poverty.
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Dependency theory is defined as
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an approach that contends that as developing countries make economic advances, they remain weak and subservient to core nations and corporations.
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Which of the following is the best example of absolute poverty?
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A homeless man begs in the streets for money and food.
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An inner-city youth spends many hours in the neighborhood playground shooting baskets on the basketball court and playing in every game he can. His skills become outstanding, and he receives a college scholarship and then signs a lucrative contract to play in the National Basketball Association (NBA). This is an example of
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vertical mobility.
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Which of the following is an example of vertical mobility?
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A person starts as a cashier in a grocery store and eventually gets promoted to a position in the chain's corporate headquarters. Incorrect An African president is overthrown in a bloodless coup and flees to a neighboring country where he works as a farmer. A National Football League (NFL) star suffers a career-ending injury and gets a job as an auto mechanic. -All of the answers are correct.
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In an analysis of over 1000 U.S. films, Jack Shaheen found that one legacy of colonialism was that only _______ of Arab and Muslim characters were presented in a positive light, although this has risen to about _________ in recent years.
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5 percent; 30 percent
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In general, the boundaries that separate different groups in a class system are less clearly defined that the boundaries in either slavery or caste systems.
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True
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Some analysts suggest that inner-city riots have frequently occurred when poor people realize that their chances of climbing out of poverty are unlikely because of the structure of our social system. Their frustration is based on their perception that they are living in aNo
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closed stratification system.
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A woman who was born and raised in a poor family becomes a regional supervisor for the U.S. Postal Service. She has experienced
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intergenerational mobility.
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Which of the following historical tragedies offers an extreme example of the impact of social class on life chances?
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the sinking of the Titanic
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While income in the United States continues to be unevenly distributed, the degree of income inequality has declined significantly since 1970.
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False
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A measure of social class that is based on income, education, occupation, and related variables is referred to as
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socioeconomic status.
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According to the text, which level of college degree serves less as a guarantee of upward mobility now than it did in the past?
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BA/BS
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Some sociologists have suggested that in the southern United States in the pre-civil rights era, an African American individual was born into a status that would always be subordinate to the status of all of the white members of the community. This would be an example of a
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caste system.
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According to the text, which level of college degree serves less as a guarantee of upward mobility now than it did in the past?
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BA/BS
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Which of the following nations is fully compliant with the U.S. Trafficking Victims Protection Act?
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Columbia
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An inner-city youth spends many hours in the neighborhood playground shooting baskets on the basketball court and playing in every game he can. His skills become outstanding, and he receives a college scholarship and then signs a lucrative contract to play in the National Basketball Association (NBA). This is an example of
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vertical mobility.
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Prestige refers to the
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respect and admiration that an occupation holds in a society.
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Which of the following statements about the digital divide is correct?
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Internet access varies significantly by income.
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Research concerning the degree of social mobility within the occupational structure of the United States indicates that
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occupational mobility has been common among males.
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Which of the following is true about world systems analysis?
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It is the view of the global economic system as divided between certain industrialized nations that control wealth and developing countries that are controlled and exploited.
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Karl Marx used the concept of class consciousness to refer to
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a subjective awareness held by members of a class regarding their common vested interests and the need for collective political action to bring about social change.
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Which of the following terms is used to refer to hereditary ranks that are relatively fixed, immobile, and generally religiously dictated?
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castes
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Which of the following is the best example of absolute poverty?
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A homeless man begs in the streets for money and food.
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Which of the following is the best example of a multinational corporation?
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a beverage corporation that has bottling plants throughout the world
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According to anthropologist Karuna Chanana Ahmed, who are the most exploited among oppressed people in developing countries?
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women
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Efforts to protect human rights most often originate
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out of working-class indigenous movements within developing nations.
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A family lives in a remote area of Appalachia, where coal mines that once employed many workers have been idle for years. There are no jobs in the area, the distant schools are poorly funded, and because of the remote location, there are no churches or medical facilities nearby. These poor, chronically unemployed people who barely survive from winter to winter are an example of
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the underclass.
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Which of the following is more prevalent in developing nations than in industrialized nations?
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All of the answers are correct.
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Which of the following terms was introduced in the 1990s as a result of the actions that led to the deaths of hundreds of thousands of Muslims in Bosnia-Herzogovina?
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ethnic cleansing
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Which term is used to refer to the reputation that a specific person has earned within an occupation?
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esteem
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The terms "prestige" and "esteem" are interchangeable. Hence, it is logically impossible for an individual in a low prestige occupation, such as a maid, to be esteemed.
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False
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Which of the following statements about the patterns of intergenerational mobility is true?
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There is less chance for intergenerational mobility in the United States than in some Scandinavian countries.
