Chapter 1 Sociology Review – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
The concept that describes opening a window into unfamiliar worlds that allows us to understand human behavior by placing it within its broader social context is called
answer
Sociological prespective
question
Which of the following elements did C. Wright Mills attribute as being the one that sociologists would use to explain individual behavior?
answer
External Influences
question
When sociologists' group people into categories based on their age, gender, educational level, job, and income, they are trying to determine
answer
Social location
question
The sociological perspective emphasizes how the social context influences people's lives, particularly how people are influenced
answer
by society
question
The sociologist responsible for suggesting the connection between history and biography to explain the sociological imagination was
answer
C. Wright Mills
question
Of the following, which discipline is most appropriately classified as a natural science?
answer
Biology
question
The social science discipline that concentrates on the study of artifacts, social structure, ideas, values, and forms of communication is
answer
Anthropology
question
The first goal of each scientific discipline is
answer
to explain why something happens
question
The first person to propose that the scientific method could be applied to the study of social life was
answer
Auguste Comte
question
What is the use of objective and systematic observation to test theories, one that is often employed by sociologists
answer
the scientific method
question
What was the social event that most influenced Auguste Comte to explore patterns within society and become interested in what holds society together?
answer
The French Revolution
question
The notion that only the fittest members of society deserve to survive and that social programs to help the poor will ultimately weaken the social order is a doctrine known as ________.
answer
Social Darwism
question
The term "survival of the fittest," which is a principle part of the concept of social Darwinism, was coined by ________.
answer
Herbert Spencer
question
The theorist who is sometimes referred to as "the second founder of sociology" was ________.
answer
Herbert Spencer
question
Karl Marx suggested that the force that drives human history and is at the core of human society is ________.
answer
Class conflict
question
The Wall Street Journal has declared that the three greatest modern thinkers were
answer
Karl Marx, Sigmund Freud, Albert Einstein
question
The social thinker of the 19th century who predicted that there would be a classless society once the working class united and began a revolution was ________.
answer
Karl Marx
question
The titles Karl Marx used to describe the two classes in society were the ________ and the ________.
answer
Bourgeoisie and proletariat
question
The French sociologist Emile Durkheim is most identified with which of the following areas of study?
answer
Social intergration
question
Max Weber referred to the self-denying approach to life characterized by people living frugal lives and saving their money as the ________.
answer
Protestant eithic
question
Karl Marx believed that ________ was the central force for social change, while Max Weber believed that ________ was the force most responsible for social change.
answer
Economics and religion
question
According to Max Weber, the Protestant ethic was a central factor in the birth of ________.
answer
capitalism
question
What quality did Max Weber stress as being the hallmark of social research?
answer
Value neutrality
question
The scientific method requires ________, repeating a study in order to compare the new research results with the original findings.
answer
replication
question
Max Weber used the term Verstehen to mean ________.
answer
To grasp by insight
question
Durkheim referred to patterns of behavior that characterize a social group as ________.
answer
social facts
question
Sociology first took root as an academic discipline at _______ in 1890.
answer
The University of Kansas
question
The university that dominated sociology as an academic discipline when Albion Small headed the department was ________.
answer
The University of Chicago
question
What did Robert E. Park, Ernest Burgess, and George Herbert Mead have in common?
answer
Were part of the 1st faculty members in the sociology deparement at the University of Chicago
question
What distinction did sociologist Frances Perkins hold in American history?
answer
She was the first woman to hold a presidential cabinet postion
question
Because of her outstanding contributions to social reform, as demonstrated in her work as co-founder of Hull-House, ________ was a co-winner of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1931.
answer
Jane Addams
question
The book published by W. E. B. Du Bois in 1899 that analyzed how African Americans in a major United States city coped with racism was ________.
answer
The Philadelphia Negro
question
The first African American to earn a doctorate from Harvard University, who spent his lifetime studying race relations in America and was one of the founders of the NAACP, was ________.
answer
WEB Du Bois
