Chapter 1 – Intro to Systems Analysis & Design – Flashcards
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True
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Systems planning is the first of five phases in the systems development life cycle (SDLC). A. True B. False
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Information Technology (IT)
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Refers to the combination of hardware, software, and services that people use to manage, communicate, and share information.
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Systems Analysis and Design
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A step-by-step process for developing high-quality information systems.
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Information System
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Combines technology, people, and data to provide support for business functions such as order processing, inventory control, human resources, accounting, and many more.
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Systems Analyst
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Valued member of IT department who helps plan, develop, and maintain information systems.
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System
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A set of related components that produces specific results.
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Mission-critical system
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A system that is vital to a company's operations. For example, an order processing system.
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Data
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Consists of basic facts that are the system's raw material. It is the raw material that an information system transforms into useful information.
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Information
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Data that has been transformed into output that is valuable to users.
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Hardware, software, data, processes, people
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The 5 key components of an information system.
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Hardware
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Consists of everything in the physical layers of the information system. For example, servers, workstations, networks, telecommunications equipment, fiber-optic cables, mobile devices, scanners, digital capture devices, etc.
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Server Farm
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A large concentration of servers working together.
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Moore's Law (Gordon Moore in 1965)
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Prediction that the number of transistors on an integrated circuit chip would double about every 24 months is known as _________.
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Software
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Refers to the programs that control the hardware and produce the desired information or results.
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System software and application software
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Software consists of what two types?
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System software
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Software type that manages the hardware components, which can include a single workstation or a global network with many thousands of clients. Supplied by either the hardware manufacturer or purchased by company through a vendor.
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System software
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Operating system software, security software that protects the computer from intrusion, device drivers that communicate with hardware, and utility programs that handle data backup and disk management are what types of software.
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System software
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Software that controls the flow of data provides data security, and manages network operations is what type of software?
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Application software
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This type of software consists of programs that support the day-to-day business functions and provide users with the information they need. Examples include spreadsheets, presentation software, database management, etc.
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Enterprise applications
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Company-wide applications are known as _______ _______, and include payroll systems, order processing systems, and company communications networks.
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Horizontal and vertical
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What are the 2 types of application software?
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Horizontal
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A _______ system is a system, such as an inventory or payroll application, that can be adapted for use in many different types of companies.
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Vertical
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A _______ system is designed to meet the unique requirements of a specific business or industry, such as a Web-based retailer, a medical practice, or an auto dealership.
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Legacy systems
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Term used to describe older systems that are typically less technologically advanced than currently available systems.
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Tables
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An information system can store data in various locations called _______.
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Processes
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Describes the tasks and business functions that users, managers, and IT staff members perform to achieve specific results.
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Stakeholders
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People who have an interest in an information systems are called _______.
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End users
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Stakeholders are sometimes referred to as _______ _______.
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G. All of the above
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Stakeholders include which of the following: A. End users B. Programmers C. Management D. IT Staff E. Analysts F. None of the above G. All of the above
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e-commerce (electronic commerce) or I-commerce (Internet commerce)
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Internet-based commerce is called ________ or _______.
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B2C (business-to-consumer) B2B (business-to-business)
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What are the two main sectors of e-commerce?
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Scope creep
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What is the term used for making impromptu changes or additions to a project without corresponding increases in the schedule or budget?
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Deliverables
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Products that will be provided to the client at the product completion such as new pages or graphic elements created, and a timeline for their delivery.
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C. data
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In an information system, the system's raw material is ________ . A.. information B. knowledge C. data D. people
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C. structured analysis
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When using a(n) ________ method, system development is organized into phases, with deliverables and milestones to measure progress. A. object-oriented analysis B. adaptive C. structured analysis D. agile
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b. False
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The purpose of the systems analysis phase is to perform a preliminary investigation to evaluate an IT-related business opportunity or problem. a. True b. False
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c. Information technology
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________ refers to the combination of hardware, software, and services that people use to manage, communicate, and share information. a. Practical technology b. Electronic technology c. Information technology d. Systems Technology
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a. True
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Sometimes companies will waive educational requirements if a candidate for employment has significant experience, skills, or professional certifications. a. True b. False
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b. information system
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A(n) ________ combines technology, people, and data to provide support for business functions. a. server farm b. information system c. object-oriented analysis d. preliminary investigation
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a. Business support
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________ systems can analyze transactional data, generate information needed to manage and control business processes, and provide information that leads to better decision making. a. Business support b. User support c. Network administration d. Application development
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c. structured analysis
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When using a(n) ________ method, system development is organized into phases, with deliverables and milestones to measure progress. a. object-oriented analysis b. adaptive c. structured analysis d. agile
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a. systems analysis
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The purpose of the ________ phase is to build a logical model of the new system. a. systems analysis b. systems design c. systems implementation d. systems support and security
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b. Certification
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________ verifies that an individual demonstrated a certain level of knowledge and skill on a standardized test. a. Quality control b. Certification c. Technology knowledge d. A college degree
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d. systems support and security
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If a site has a large number of remote clients, the ________ group often includes a deployment team that installs and configures the workstations. a. network administration b. application development c. user support d. systems support and security
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a. Microsoft Visio
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________ is a popular tool that systems analysts can use to create business process diagrams, flowcharts, and organization charts. a. Microsoft Visio b. CASE c. EDI d. ERP
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b. enterprise computing
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The main objective of ________ is to integrate a company's primary functions to improve efficiency, reduce costs, and help managers make key decisions. a. transaction processing b. enterprise computing c. business support d. knowledge management
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a. Computer-aided systems engineering
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________ tools provide an overall framework for systems development and support a wide variety of design methodologies, including structured analysis and object-oriented analysis. a. Computer-aided systems engineering b. Enterprise resource planning c. Rapid application development d. Joint application development
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c. Systems analysts
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________ are often the company's best line of defense against an IT disaster involving a system that is technically sound, but fails because it doesn't meet the needs of users and managers. a. Top managers b. Knowledge workers c. Systems analysts d. Stakeholders
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d. Information technology
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________ refers to the combination of hardware, software, and services that people use to manage, communicate, and share information. a. Systems Technology b. Electronic technology c. Practical technology d. Information technology
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c. information system
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A(n) ________ combines technology, people, and data to provide support for many business functions. a. electronic system b. communal system c. information system d. active data system
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d. systems analysis and design
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A step-by-step process for developing high-quality information systems is referred to as ________ . a. software packaging b. systems application c. information design d. systems analysis and design
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c. systems analyst
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A(n) ________ transforms business requirements into IT projects. a. operational employee b. programmer c. systems analyst d. stakeholder
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a. mission-critical system
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An order processing system that is necessary for a company to do business is an example of a ________ . a. mission-critical system b. user productivity system c. vertical system d. business support system
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d. data
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In an information system, the system's raw material is ________ . a. people b. knowledge c. information d. data
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b. hardware
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Examples of ________ include workstations, mobile devices, servers, and scanners. a. software b. hardware c. data d. information
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d. Gordon Moore
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In 1965, ________ predicted that the number of transistors on an integrated circuit would double about every 24 months. a. Bill Gates b. Steve Jobs c. Samuel J. Palmisano d. Gordon Moore
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b. System software
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________ controls the flow of data, provides data security, and manages network operations. a. Data software b. System software c. Application software d. Linear software
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b. horizontal system
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A ________ can be adapted for use in many different types of companies. a. legacy system b. horizontal system c. vertical system d. data system
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c. vertical system
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A ________ is designed to meet the unique requirements of a specific business or industry. a. legacy system b. horizontal system c. vertical system d. data system
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a. Processes
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________ are the building blocks of an information system because they represent actual day-to-day business operations. a. Processes b. End users c. Networks d. Stakeholders
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a. IT staff members
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The people who develop and support an information system are ________ . a. IT staff members b. staff users c. users d. end users
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c. stakeholders
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People who have an interest in an information system are called ________ . a. shareholders b. consumers c. stakeholders d. staff
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c. business-to-consumer
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The two main sectors of e-commerce are business-to-business and ________ . a. Web-to-Web b. consumer-to-consumer c. business-to-consumer d. consumer-to-business
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d. eBay
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The company that has transformed a traditional auction concept into a popular and successful method of selling goods and services online is ________ . a. Facebook b. Microsoft c. IBM d. eBay
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d. electronic data interchange
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Electronic commerce between two companies using a data share arrangement was initially referred to as ________ . a. Internet module exchange b. transaction processing c. B2C d. electronic data interchange
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c. supply chain
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A(n) ________ refers to all the companies who provide the materials, services, and functions needed to provide a product to a customer. a. raw material source b. electronic data interchange c. supply chain d. global marketplace
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d. brick-and-mortar
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Traditional businesses that conduct business primarily from physical locations are referred to as ________ companies. a. hands-on b. pickup c. consumer-to-business d. brick-and-mortar
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b. Digital delivery
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________ is fast, convenient, and can be consumed on everything from mobile phones to large wall-mounted TVs. a. Processing b. Digital delivery c. Express delivery d. Buffering
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b. business process
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A ________ is a specific set of transactions, events, and results that can be described and documented. a. business system b. business process c. business model d. business profile
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a. business profile
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An overview of a company's mission, functions, organization, products, services, customers, suppliers, competitors, constraints, and future direction is referred to as a ________ . a. business profile b. business process c. business model d. business system
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c. business process model
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A(n) ________ is a graphical representation of one or more business processes. a. analytic profile b. business model c. business process model d. business profile
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b. Microsoft Visio
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To create business process modeling notation (BPMN) models, you can use a CASE tool such as Visible Analyst or a multiple purpose application such as ________ . a. Microsoft Access b. Microsoft Visio c. Microsoft Excel d. Microsoft Project
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b. Enterprise computing
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________ refers to information systems that support company-wide operations and data management requirements. a. Knowledge management b. Enterprise computing c. Transaction processing d. Business support
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a. enterprise resource planning
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In many large companies, applications called ________ systems provide cost-effective support for users and managers throughout the business. a. enterprise resource planning b. business support c. user productivity d. knowledge management
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c. transaction processing
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Custom order processing and accounts receivable are examples of ________ systems. a. enterprise computing b. knowledge management c. transaction processing d. user productivity
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b. Business support
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________ systems can analyze transactional data, generate information needed to manage and control business processes, and provide information that leads to better decision making. a. User productivity b. Business support c. Business action d. Knowledge management
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c. managers
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When first introduced, management information systems (MIS) was a category of systems used primarily by ________ . a. maintenance staff b. administrative staff c. managers d. operational personnel
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d. RFID
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The newest development in data acquisition is called ________ technology, which uses high-frequency radio waves to track physical objects. a. TP b. ERP c. RAID d. RFID
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d. knowledge management
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A ________ system uses inference rules, which are logical rules that identify patterns and relationships. a. user productivity b. transaction processing c. business support d. knowledge management
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c. Groupware
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________ programs are a type of user productivity system that enables users to share data, collaborate on projects, and work in teams. a. Netware b. Teamware c. Groupware d. Shareware
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d. user productivity
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Voice mail, e-mail, and word processing are examples of ________ systems. a. enterprise computing b. business support c. knowledge management d. user productivity
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b. top managers
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A company's ________ focus on the overall business enterprise and use IT to set the company's course and direction. a. team leaders b. top managers c. middle managers d. knowledge workers
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d. knowledge workers
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Examples of ________ include systems analysts, programmers, accountants, researchers, trainers, and human resource specialists. a. operational employees b. top managers c. middle managers d. knowledge workers
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a. empowerment
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The trend toward operational users handling tasks and making decisions previously assigned to supervisors is known as ________ . a. empowerment b. enrichment c. enlightenment d. enticement
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b. computer-aided software engineering
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Computer-aided systems engineering, which uses CASE tools to help systems analysts develop and maintain information systems, is also called ________ . a. computer-aided structural engineering b. computer-aided software engineering c. computer-assisted systems engineering d. computer-assisted software engineering
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b. structured analysis
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The most popular options for developing information systems are agile methods, object-oriented analysis, and ________ . a. modeling b. structured analysis c. network methods d. data flow analysis
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a. predictive
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Structured analysis is called a ________ approach because it is based on an overall plan. a. predictive b. foundation c. managed d. basic
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c. systems development life cycle
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Systems planning, systems analysis, systems design, systems implementation, and systems support and security are the five steps of the ________ model. a. business b. business process c. systems development life cycle d. spiral
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c. systems planning
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The purpose of the ________ phase of the SDLC model is to perform a preliminary investigation to evaluate an IT-related business opportunity or model. a. systems design b. systems analysis c. systems planning d. systems implementation
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a. system requirement document
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The deliverable for the systems analysis phase is the ________ , which describes management and user requirements, costs and benefits, and outlines alternative development strategies. a. system requirement document b. process flow document c. system design document d. contingency planning document
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c. systems support and security
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The objective during the ________ phase is to maximize return on the IT investment. a. systems analysis b. systems implementation c. systems support and security d. systems design
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d. systems implementation
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If a system was purchased as a package, systems analysts configure the software and perform any necessary modifications during the ________ phase. a. systems support and security b. systems design c. systems analysis d. systems implementation
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b. agile method
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A(n) ________ attempts to develop a system incrementally by building a series of prototypes and constantly adjusting them to user requirements. a. hybrid method b. agile method c. object-oriented analysis d. structured analysis
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c. rapid application developmen
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Two popular systems development methodologies that include teams composed of IT staff, users, and managers are joint application development and ________ . a. the waterfall model b. object-oriented analysis c. rapid application development d. structured analysis
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d. technical support
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Application development and systems support are two of the seven main functions of ________ . a. business support b. business development c. desktop support d. technical support
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c. network administrators
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In addition to controlling user access, ________ install, configure, manage, monitor, and maintain network applications. a. help desk staff members b. systems analysts c. network administrators d. database managers
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d. critical thinking skills
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In addition to traditional hardware and software certifications, some firms are exploring ways to assess ________ . a. user support skills b. communication skills c. business skills d. critical thinking skills
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a. corporate culture
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A systems analyst must understand a firm's ________ , which is a set of beliefs, rules, traditions, values, and attitudes that define a company and influence its way of doing business. a. corporate culture b. corporate climate c. corporate behavior d. corporate identity
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b. False
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Software consists of everything in the physical layer of the information system. a. True b. False
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a. True
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Because it allows companies to reach the global marketplace, B2B is especially important to smaller suppliers and customers who need instant information about prices and availability. a. True b. False
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b. False
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A business profile is a specific set of transactions, events, and results that can be described and documented. a. True b. False
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a. True
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Groupware programs enable users to share data, collaborate on projects, and work in teams. a. True b. False
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b. False
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Knowledge workers develop long-range plans, called strategic plans, which define the company's overall mission and goals. a. True b. False
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b. False
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The purpose of the systems analysis phase is to perform a preliminary investigation to evaluate an IT-related business opportunity or problem. a. True b. False
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a. True
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Object-oriented methodology is popular because it provides an easy transition to O-O programming languages such as Java, Smalltalk, C++, Python, and Perl. a. True b. False
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a. True
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Two examples of tools that are used for systems development include IBM's Rational software and the Microsoft Solutions Framework. a. True b. False
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b. False
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Database specialists design and construct Web pages, monitor traffic, manage hardware and software, and link Web-based applications to the company's information systems. a. True b. False
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a. True
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Sometimes companies will waive educational requirements if a candidate for employment has significant experience, skills, or professional certifications. a. True b. False
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Application software
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_______ consists of programs that support day-to-day business functions and provide users with the information they need.
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E-commerce
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_______ includes two main sectors: business-to-consumer and business-to-business.
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Data
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_______ consists of basic facts that are the system's raw material.
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benchmark
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A prototype can serve as an initial model that is used as a(n) ______ to evaluate the finished system, or the prototype itself can develop into the final version of the system.
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radio frequency identification
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RFID stands for _______.
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help desk
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The user support function usually is called a service desk or _______.
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systems development life cycle (SDLC)
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Structured analysis uses a series of phases, called the _______ to plan, analyze, design, implement, and support an information system.
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inference rules
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A knowledge management system uses _______, which are logical rules that identify data patterns and relationships.
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corporate culture
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A(n) _______ is the set of beliefs, rules, traditions, values, and attitudes that define a company and influence its way of doing business.
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rapid application development (RAD)
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Joint application development focuses on team-based fact-finding, which is only one phase of the development process, whereas _______ is more like a compressed version of the entire process.
